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ZABYTKI NA GRANICACH PAŃSTWOWYCH JAK CHRONIĆ JE W WARUNKACH WOLNEGO RYNKU

100%
Lange M.
Ochrona Zabytków
|
2006
|
issue 4
61-64
EN
The access of Poland to the European Union, changes which affect binding law, and new conditions associated with the free market and commodity turnover have created obstacles for the practical implementation of the protection of historical monuments by customs officers. At present, particularly difficult questions include the absence of cohesion among Polish regulations relating to the protection of historical monuments and the adaptation of their application to Union legislation. Conflict-prone situations appear predominantly in the case of inner-Union transit and temporary import which leads to the custody of objects previously brought to Poland from Union countries. Such initiatives are regarded by foreigners as totally incomprehensible and remain exceptionally harmful for Polish culture and its progress; they also create an unfavourable image of our country, envisaged as maladjusted vis a vis Union jurisdiction.
2

THE CULTURE OF CONSUMPTION AS A CULTURE OF LIBERATION? CRITICISM OF CONSUMERISM AND SOCIETY BASED ON FASHION

80%
Szlendak T., Pietrowicz K.
Kultura i Społeczeństwo
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2005
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vol. 49
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issue 3
85-108
EN
Consumer society is usually the object of attacks within the social sciences - sometimes even vicious ones. In this text, a different vision of consumerism is presented. The authors, basing themselves on the concept of Gilles Lipovetsky, argue that consumer culture may be treated as a culture of freedom. They attempt to develop Lipovetsky's thesis, which links consumerism with fashion. The text's aim is thus to turn our attention to the subject of fashion as an important sociological category, particularly in connection with consumer society and freedom. The authors also strive to delineate the various possibilities that result from it, such as the idea that society based on fashion allows us to reformulate the classical opposition of tradition versus modernity.
3
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POLISH AND GERMAN TRADITIONS OF CATHOLICISM IN WARMIA (Polskie i niemieckie tradycje w katolicyzmie na Warmii)

80%
Kopiczko A.
Studia Migracyjne - Przegląd Polonijny
|
2010
|
vol. 36
|
issue 3(137)
49-63
EN
This historiography makes a distinction between German and Polish Warmia. It is based on the old structure of the population, and, broadly speaking, traditions and customs. The most visible sign of these was the language used in the south, predominantly Polish, and in the north - German, although in the nineteenth and early twentieth century, the Prussian authorities sought to unify it, in favour of the latter. Polish saints, especially St. Stanislaus, bishop and martyr, and St. Florian were taken into account in the liturgical calendar. The cult of Our Lady of Czestochowa enjoyed great popularity from the eighteenth century, and from the revelations in 1877 of Our Lady Gietrzwaldzka. Polish traditions also strengthened 'Gazeta Olsztynska', which was first published in 1886. However, after incorporating Warmia into East Prussia, Polish culture and traditions suffered a setback. The cult of saints, especially Roch, Valentine, Michael, Mark, Barbara and Rosalie still played a special role. Losiery (Opfergaenge) pilgrimages and (kiermasy) church fairs took place. Warminskie Vespers are still cultivated today. A typical warminski custom was pouring water over each other, not on Easter Monday, but on Ash Wednesday. The custom of sharing wafers and preparing many dishes as in the Polish tradition were not known. At Easter, food was not celebrated. Only funerals, weddings and baptisms were of folk character. Specific to the Warmia religiosity was the cult of the Passion of Christ, dating back to the days of the Teutonic Knights. In the People's Republic of Poland Warminskie traditions, both German and Polish, but cultivated before 1945, began to rapidly decline. It was a natural process associated with the change of population structure in these areas. In place of autochnons, Poles from different parts of the Second Republic, mainly from Eastern Poland, began to arrive, mainly from the Eastern Borderlands. In many parishes a new cult has grown up - the cult of Our Lady of the Gate of Dawn - completely unknown before. People from Kurpiowszczyzna, and later Ukrainians, brought their own customs with them.
4

La imagen del judaísmo reflejada en el refranero judeoespańol

70%
August-Zarębska A.
Estudios Hispánicos
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2011
|
vol. 19
91-102
EN
The main aim of this paper is to explore and analyze the grammaticalization of the gerundive and participle verbal constructions in Old and Classical Spanish. The author’s purpose is to demonstrate that the described grammatical change was motivated essentially by the mechanisms of metonymy.
5

The ways to improve customs support of economic operators of foreign economic activity

70%
Kischak Y. I., Kischak I. T., Mayboroda R. V.
Mekhanizm Rehuluvannya Economiky
|
2014
|
vol. 3 (65)
82-88
EN
The organizational and legal issues regulating the movement of goods through the Ukrainian border by the business entities are described in the article. The practical implementation of foreign economic activity of business entities within the Customs Code of Ukraine contributed to increasing the volume of exports and imports to Ukraine to 57.2 billion US dollars and to 69.9 billion US dollars respectively for the ten months of 2012. It is proved that during the five years after Ukraine's accession to the WPA, an increase of import and a reduction of export in the domestic production are observed on the domestic market of the state. The positive implementation of customs clearance documents in an electronic way is emphasized, the simplified organizational and technical components of customs operations, the examples of companies, and customs documents in electronic form are given as examples. The ways of further improvement of customs enforcement activities of business entities in the connection with the increasing possibility of Ukraine international contracts, which are aimed at improving transport and other infrastructure in border areas of the state are suggested. The questions of the protection of national interests in the determination of the time and conditions at the end of import operations, the strengthening of the control over compliance with the currency legislation and completeness of tax declaration by the importing companies are put.
6

ŽIVOT A ZVYKY KAUKAZSKÝCH ČERKESOV: HISTORICKO-KOMPARATÍVNA SONDÁŽ CESTOPISOV EURÓPSKYCH CESTOVATEĽOV OD ZAČIATKU 16. DO POLOVICE 19. STOROČIA

61%
Šmigeľ M., Cherkasov A., Kmeť M.
Muzeológia a kultúrne dedičstvo
|
2017
|
vol. 5
|
issue 2
29 – 50
EN
The aim of this study is to clarify evolution of life and traditions of Circassian society in a historically comparative perspective. It is based on published travelogues and diaries of European travellers who visited various parts of Caucasian Circassia from the 16th century to the half of the 19th century. Although they had described various aspects of life of this varied mountain ethnic group, the study focuses on just a few of them: anthropological appearance, language, religion, clothing, traditions, social activities and social structure of the Circassians. This data shows that Circassia embodied tribal formation that was split, speaking different languages without existence of any mutual language of interethnic communication. Despite this fact, different tribes had been somehow connected. This variedness was based on the Circassians mentality and religious issues as well. Isolation of the Circassia area, underdevelopment of external relations, absence of migration processes and peculiarities of the population mentality conditioned weak development of craft, industry, trade and character of social activities at all.
7
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PROBLÉMY A VÝZVY PRI MANAŽMENTE SLOVENSKO-UKRAJINSKEJ HRANICE, REFLEXIA SÚČASNÉHO STAVU PREKRAČOVANIA HRANÍC SR A UA, UA A SR

61%
Melkusová H.
Annales Scientia Politica
|
2017
|
vol. 6
|
issue 1
27 – 45
EN
Within the removing barriers and improving the neighbouring relationships of the Slovak Republic and Ukraine, the research of crossing the borders was carried out. This research was focused on border points Vyšné Nemecké and Ubľa. Data for this research was collected from August 2016 to October 2016. The findings were related to the travelling aim, demographic data, time limits for crossing the Slovak-Ukrainian border, satisfaction with border guards and customs officers, as well as to the state of border crossing points Vyšné Nemecké and Ubľa. Passengers suggested the ways and the means how to accelerate border procedures that would shorten waiting time and would improve the work of border guards and custom officers. The work and activity of Slovak border guards and customs officers was positively assessed. On the other hand, the job of Ukrainian border guards and customs officers was more criticized when comparing to Slovakia. Concrete suggestions for improvement of this activity are made at the end of the study.
8

PÔSOBNOSŤ PREZIDENTA V PARLAMENTNEJ FORME VLÁDY

61%
Nikodým D.
Právny obzor. Teoretický časopis pre otázky štátu a práva (Juridical Review. Theoretical journal for the questions of state and law)
|
2013
|
vol. 96
|
issue 6
582 – 596
EN
The author compares individual republic forms of government and examines the position of President of the Slovak Republic within a parliamentary form of government. He points out to amendments of the constitution since its adoption in 1992, which seem to be adequate in a parliamentary form of government. The author´s criticism aims at the provisions of Article 115 of the Constitution, as amended by the Constitutional Act 356/2011. This amendment has affected the dualism of executive power which is typical for a parliamentary form of government. It constitutes an excessive limitation of powers of the government in case of loss of trust, expression of distrust. Moreover, certain acts of the government are made conditional upon previous approval of the President. Suggestions de lege constitutione for amendment of competences of the President as neutral constitutional actor are made. The author points out to the problems in the application of acts of the creative right of the President, which enter the division of power. Long-term constitutional customs, which supplement the constitutional practice in accordance with a parliamentary form of government, also play an important role in the exercise of powers by the President and other constitutional bodies.
9

BRATISLAVSKÍ HOSTIA V 13. STOROČÍ. ZVYKY, PRÁVO A SPRÁVA

61%
Lysá Ž.
Historický časopis (Historical Journal)
|
2013
|
vol. 61
|
issue 4
603 – 625
EN
The study is concerned with the social and legal group in the Kingdom of Hungary called “hospites” (guests), who formed a basic element in the emerging towns such as the one below Bratislava Castle. Using the written sources from the 13th century concerning Hungary and especially Bratislava, it presents the concepts of legal customs and privileges, which formed the main source of town law. The administrative and judicial position of the inhabitants of the complex below Bratislava Castle in the 13th century is considered. Attention is also devoted to the problem of municipal autonomy and the question of its position under the jurisdiction of the Sheriff of Bratislava before 1291.
10

FRANKISH RITUALS IN THE NORMAN WORLD. PERVADING PATTERNS AND THE PHENOMENON OF ACCULTURATION (Frankijskie rytualy w normanskim swiecie. Przenikanie wzorów i fenomen akulturacji)

61%
Falkowski W.
Roczniki Historyczne
|
2008
|
vol. 74
7-30
EN
The author utilizes the chronicle of Dudon of Saint-Quentin (written circa 1020) as the basis for an analysis of the way Frankish rituals and customs were used by Norman society in the 10th century. The differences between Norman and Frankish behaviour and rituals marked the borderline between the Carolingian culture area and that of Normans, as well as inside their society between social and political supporters of the dynasty and its opposition. The rituals taken over from Franks evolved into symbolic but clearly defined sign of belonging to the ruling elite and constituted a visible indicator of the social position.
11

THE DEVELOPMENT OF LAW IN INDIA

51%
Kulcsar K.
Tarsadalomkutatas (Social Science Research)
|
2008
|
vol. 25
|
issue 1
57-82
EN
Society is the decisive force in the relationship between law and society, with its historically developed specificities, economic, political and cultural features. In the early history of a culture and in its first, longer and shorter period of development the social emergence of law is usually related to the given culture and to politics appearing within it, as well as with the unfolding of religion. Consequently politics and its organisation (even if at a rudimentary stage) develop jointly, and law mostly has a religious nature. (Kulcsar, 1982). At a later phase of development religion, politics and law are separated, and are distanced from each other at a pace depending on the speed of cultural development. The relationship between politics and law, however, endures and persists, while religion would be distanced after some shorter or longer period of time, with the emergence of civil society. If they remain in a closer relationship due to the nature of the given society and under cultural effects, the influence of religion, besides politics, would be felt more strongly in law. In the present-day India religion and politics are still significantly linked, despite some signs to the contrary. According to the author's personal experience the country did not present itself as religious in the common sense of the term, yet several religious traditions (Buddhism, Hinduism, etc.) have been markedly present in thinking. Traditional Hindu religion is still very strong in the country, and its significance has politically grown.
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