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1
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Taktika komunistických církevních tajemníků 1948–50 v Jihočeském regionu

100%
Malý R.
Studia theologica
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2007
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vol. 9
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issue 3
56-61
EN
The communist state power applied a policy of gradual persecution of the catholic church in South-Bohemian region. It attacked the hierarchy and religious orders in the firs stage, but pretended to be friendly towards the laymen while trying to set them against the church leadership. It was not until later on, that also the laymen started to be persecuted.
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K otázce historického vědomí obyvatel České republiky

100%
Subrt J., Vinopal J.
Naše společnost (Our Society)
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2010
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vol. 8
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issue 1
9-20
EN
This article describes the results of an initial survey which is a part of broader project of sociological research into the historical consciousness of inhabitants of the Czech Republic. Firstly, the topic is put into the context of conceptions of historical consciousness and collective memory. This is followed by an outline of the public's interests in history and its different fields, their sources of information and self-evaluation of historical knowledge. Next the article deals with the issue of Czech national history, especially how the public evaluates different historical periods and the level of pride Czech people feel about their national history. The final section addresses the problem of the historical consciousness of citizens on a more general level; it summarizes opinions on the course of the historical process, the importance of different influences on it, and also on the role which history plays in contemporary society.
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Annales historiam regni Bohemiae et urbis Pragensis ab anno 1278 usque ad 1399 illustrantes

100%
Blahova M.
Studie o rukopisech (Manuscript Studies)
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2010
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vol. 39
89-112
EN
This study deals with two short Latin annalistic texts of Czech provenance dating from the turn of the 14th and 15th century which have been written according to two different models on a free place of ms. 5483 in the holdings of the Austrian National Library in Vienna and collected in one series of annals. The article examines the reference of these texts to other similar texts coming from the Czech late middle ages environment. The contents of the Annals is information about the last Premyslides, genealogic records about Czech Luxemburger, and news about what happened mostly in Prague in the 14th century.
4
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Mariánský kult v době a v díle arcibiskupa Arnošta z Pardubic

100%
Urban F.
Studia theologica
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2009
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vol. 11
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issue 1
13-24
EN
This article deals with Arnost of Pardubice (1297-1364), bishop and the first Archbishop of Prague since 1344. The author summarizes some important aspects of the life and work of this famous figure of Czech history. In the person of Archbishop Arnost we can see a great builder, an open-handed sponsor of art and a very educated organizer of the life in his diocese. However, he was not only the Archbishop of Prague and counselor of Charles IV. But in him we find also a man of deep prayer and respect for the Mother of God. His worship and his sense for holiness can be an inspiration as much for us as it was for the people living more than 600 years ago.
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Lidové obrození a lidoví buditelé. Se zřetelem na sociální stratifikaci lidového národního hnutí 1800–1850

100%
Pfaff I.
Moderní dějiny: sborník k dějinám 19. a 20. století (Modern History: Studies into 19th and 20th century history)
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2007
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vol. 15
5-59
EN
During the first half of the 19th century the existing social structures were incessantly disintegrating and at the same time new structures were appearing. This process is in Czech historiography commonly known as the 'National Revival'. Historians have viewed this historical period from different viewpoints that were strongly influenced by the contemporary methodological and even ideological positions. The National Revival was a very complex and structured process that was due, in addition to the objective historical trends, also to heterogeneous social components of the changing Czech society (townsmen, petty bourgeoisie and rural population, wage laborers, craftsmen, farmers, businessmen, clerks, artists, intelligentsia, priests, emerging industrial and financial bourgeoisie, etc.) Each social element made a specific contribution to the National Revival process, which must be studied in its entirety.
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“MNICHOV“ JAKO MORÁLNÍ NARATIV ČESKÝCH DĚJIN. ČESKOŽIDOVSKÁ STANOVISKA V KOMPARACI S VĚTŠINOVÝMI POSTOJI

100%
Soukupová B.
Etnologické rozpravy (Ethnological Disputes)
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2021
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vol. 28
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issue 2
24 – 36
EN
“Munich” (the Munich Agreement of the 29th - 30th September, 1938) paved the way for the destruction of the First Republic’s liberal democracy. The influence of foreign political powers played a decisive role in this destruction. Very soon afterward, doubts, regarding the sovereignty of the state, were even expressed by political representatives of the Second Republic, who understood the “new” Czechoslovakia as a part of German Central Europe. Immediately following the 30th September, Czech society began to question whether “Munich” was a betrayal by the “immoral” Western powers, who ignored their Allied commitments in exchange for a dubious peace, or perhaps it was a moral punishment from history or even God for the alleged fatal mistakes of First Republic democracy, now being visited upon the citizens of the Second Republic. At the same time, of course, the public also questioned the morality of the military capitulation of a small nation, an issue which was also repeatedly raised by Czechoslovak historiographers and mass media after the liberation of Czechoslovakia in the May of 1945. While after the 30th September 1938 and shortly after the liberation of Czechoslovakia the moral narrative was ideologically and politically structured (the Czech-Jewish movement understood Munich as a moral failure of all of Europe), in the final weeks of the Second Republic, during the Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia and after the February coup (with the exception of the Prague Spring), a single “official” view prevailed. Following the February coup (1948), this view was also adopted by Czech Jews. The objective of this study is to analyse the meaning and ways in which “Munich” was moralized after the 30th September 1938, from May 1945 to February 1948, after the February coup, in the “golden sixties” and during the years of “normalization”. At the same time, it demonstrates that “Munich” was used to legitimize period political interests and create socio-political capital.
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Proměny českého lexika pod vlivem historických událostí 20. století

100%
Novák V.
Bohemistyka
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2010
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vol. 10
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issue 1
26-38
EN
The article deals with the problematic of the Czech language changes in 20th century. The main attention is given to problematic of the Czech lexicon changes under the influence of historical turns in this century. 20th century was the time of the Czech lexicon dynamical changes, because political, technical and cultural development of the Czech society was very fast and rich. The most interesting historical events, that produced significant part of these changes, was the fall of Austrian Habsburgs empire in the 1918 and the establishment of Czechoslovak democratic state and society in the 1920s and 1930s, the occupation of Czech countries by German forces in the 1939-1945, the establishment of Communist Party government in the end of 1940s and 1950s and the Czech society democratic transformation after the 1989s “Velvet” Revolution. Historical turns are focused on the Czech standard and substandard lexicon. Lexical changes were realized especially in the group of substantives (appellatives and proper substantives) and verbs. The great part of these lexical changes were motivated by German, French, English and Russian languages.
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Vztahy Gustava Eima a Tomáše G. Masaryka

88%
Kokešová H.
Český časopis historický (The Czech Historical Review)
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2012
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vol. 110
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issue 1
99-130
EN
The study presented here deals with the links between Gustav Eim and Tomáš G. Masaryk. It pays particular attention to the course of negotiations between the Realists and the representatives of the two largest bourgeois parties in the years 1890–1891; it traces the role of both men during these discussions which led to their entry into practical politics. It is based on an analysis of their mutual correspondence and also takes into consideration Masaryk’s handwritten notes. This study heralds the publication of an edition of mutual correspondence between these two men, which is intended to become part of a proposed publication Correspondence: T.G. Masaryk – the Young Czechs. The author first introduces the personality of G. Eim, a Young Czech politician and journalist, and then deals with the point at which Aim and Masaryk came to be acquainted. The direct contact was initiated by Masaryk, who was inspired by Eim’s articles About Us For Us (O nás pro nás) from autumn 1885. Both of them, however, had known each other’s names from print. The first letter to Eim from October 1885 documents Masaryk’s considerable ambitions in the political arena and his great self-confidence. They only met in person during Masaryk’s stay in Vienna in March 1889, when Karel Kramář introduced both men. From January 1890 Masaryk exchanged correspondence with Eim rather frequently; they did not merely write about topical issues but on those related to earlier events, also, up to 1882, when Masaryk arrived to Prague. The correspondence with its focus on 1890–1891, depicts efforts on the part of the Realists group to enter Czech politics, which was impossible without the co-operation of one of the established Czech political parties. At first, the Realists preferred the ruling National Party (i.e the Old Czechs), but in the end they reached an agreement with the representatives of the National Liberal Party (i.e. the Young Czech Party) in December 1890. The study comprehensively depicts these efforts which culminated in the entry of the Realists Group into the Young Czech Party and the nominations of T. G. Masaryk, Josef Kaizl and K. Kramář for legislative election to the Imperial Council in the spring of 1891. G. Eim also became a Council member. However, he soon had differences of opinion with his new colleagues and the original friendship gave way to distrust and suspicions, especially with regard to Masaryk. In July 1892 their correspondence came to a halt as this is also shown in Masaryk’s notes; their relationship continued to deteriorate until it finally ended. The study further examines the hypotheses why Masaryk and Eim parted company in bad blood and why Eim continued to attack him venomously in correspondence and in the press. Despite that, Eim’s comprehensive obituary was printed in the magazine Čas in which T. G. Masaryk acknowledged his contribution. Masaryk returned to Eim’s name in June 1914 in the same magazine in connection with the defence of Karel Šviha. This article led to a polemic with the newspaper Národní listy, and unwittingly initiated a dispute about the interpretation of Eim’s legacy, which was also defended by K. Kramář. T. G. Masaryk entered it with a firm opinion, which he had no need to return to later on. The relationship between G. Eim and T. G. Masaryk and also their subsequent lives are still open to our interpretations.
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Vesnická obec a tzv. „druhé nevolnictví“ v raně novověkých Čechách

88%
Ogilvie S. C.
Český časopis historický (The Czech Historical Review)
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2009
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vol. 107
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issue 1
46-94
EN
This article explores the role played by the village community in the so-called 'second serfdom', using a database of manorial court records, serf petitions, and other micro-level documents for the Bohemian estate of Frydlant between 1583 and 1692. It casts doubt on 'manorial dominance' theories which assume that the 'second serfdom' succeeded because manors were all-powerful and communes supine. But it also questions 'communal autonomy' theories, according to which villagers were largely unconstrained by manorial regulations and serfdom did not actually matter. Instead, the Frydlant evidence supports a theory of communal-manorial 'dualism', whereby serfdom required both strong manorial institutions and strong communal institutions. The Frydland findings vividly illustrate the dark side of both manorial regulation and communal 'social capital', showing how overlords and village oligarchies systematically colluded to coerce weaker villagers.
10
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Karel Hynek Mácha a historia

88%
Pająk A.
Bohemistyka
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2010
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vol. 10
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issue 4
274-290
EN
The objective of the present article is to analyze the main characters and the historical events in the short prose Křivoklad by Karel Hynek Mácha. The paper analyses the main characters' motivations – the king and his executioner – and their mutual relation. The plot development is a proof of the statement that the Premyslid’s regale years were for Mácha a period of national prosperity, after which the story and the history is heading towards an inevitable decline.
11
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Głos Miloša Martena w sporze o sens czeskich dziejów

88%
Pająk A.
Bohemistyka
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2009
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vol. 9
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issue 2
81 - 89
EN
The paper named Voice of Miloš Marten in the dispute over the sense of Czech history examines the role of the text Nad městem in this particular historical debate. Marten (1883–1917) was a literary critic and essayist and contributor to the magazine „Modern revue”. The choice of dialogue as a literary genre of this piece, follows in with the discursive character of the historic dispute. The dialogue between the Czech Michal and the French foreigner follows the most turbulent moments of Czech history – starting with the emergence of the Hussite movement, the Battle of White Mountain and its consequences and concluding with the baroque art and culture. Many interpretations of this text see in the figure of Allan, who is a Frenchman enthusiastic about Prague, the great French poet Paul Claudel. The dialogue Nad městem is a personal reading of the events, in which the essayist stands for a reassessment of the approach to the past. He suggests changing the stereotyped view of the decline of Czech culture in 17th century and returning the oppressed Catholic tradition to its proper place within Czech culture.
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JAK SE VYROVNÁVÁME S NAŠÍ MINULOSTÍ? ČESKÉ A ČESKOSLOVENSKÉ NEDÁVNÉ DĚJINY PRIZMATEM TEORIE KOLEKTIVNÍ PAMĚTI A KVALITATIVNÍ METODOLOGIE (FOCUS GROUPS)

75%
Tomášek M., Šubrt J.
Sociológia (Sociology)
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2014
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vol. 46
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issue 1
88 – 115
EN
The article, as a combined theoretical-empirical undertaking, examines the ways collective memory is conceptualized in thematic areas of current theoretical thinking and how these theoretically designated and specified areas are reflected in the consciousness and memories of the common population. In particular it focuses on the popular memory and experience of history since the end of Second World War and the Communist takeover. In the first part, the long-term established theoretical approaches in view of collective memory research are presented. In the second, more empirically focused, part manifestations and expressions of these conceptualizations are registered in common acts and talk in the course of realized focus groups.
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MASARYKŮV POHLED NA OSOBNOST JANA HUSA A JEHO POZICI V ČESKÝCH DĚJINÁCH (SOUČÁST SPORU O SMYSL ČESKÝCH DĚJIN)

75%
Kapustová I.
Motus in verbo: časopis mladej vedeckej generácie
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2017
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vol. 6
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issue 1
7 – 13
EN
In the article Masaryk’s multilevel approach to Master Jan Hus is being solved in the context of the controversy about the Czech history importance and a possible benefit for the contemporary historians´ attitude towards Jan Hus – sociological, philosophical, religious and purely historical view of one of the most important personalities in the Czech history with the overlap into the European history. In Tomáš G. Masaryk´s work the main thing is not the complexity and the depth of the historical approach to the particular person or history as such, but the fact that he sees everything from many aspects and becomes the pathfinder of the multi-perspective approach which is becoming very popular nowadays. Most Masaryk’s quotations in this article should prove the author’s conclusions, above all the different insight into the particular term (notion), into the sense of the Czech history or into the specific personality during various periods of the historical development.
14

NATION AND ART. FROM MIROSLAV TYRŠ TO MAX DVOŘÁK AND BACK

63%
Bažant J.
ARS
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2011
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vol. 44
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issue 1
15-25
EN
The article compares the lives and works of two scholars, marking the beginnings of Czech history of art, with emphasis put on the relation between art and nation. Miroslav Tyrš (1832 – 1884) devoted all his energy and skills to the Czech national renascence, while thinking and attitudes of Max Dvořák (1874 – 1921) already belonged to the era of a culturally integrated Europe, which had started to form itself at that very time.
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Zánik Českého časopisu historického po únoru 1948 ve světle dobových dokumentů

63%
Jirousek B.
Český časopis historický (The Czech Historical Review)
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2009
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vol. 107
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issue 1
119-147
EN
This study deals with the changes of The Czech Historical Review in the connection with the changes of the political situation emerging due to rising communist power in Czechoslovakia. The Czech Historical Review was established in 1895 and his publishing was suspended for the first time during the World War II (1941). After the war, there was restored the editorial board and there were published several volumes (1946-1949), but during that time the conflict between democratic historians and exponents of the Marxist-Leninist ideology in historiography was under way. This conflict became apparent in 1949 during the Marxist attempt to take over the magazine and during the temporal suspension of the magazine.
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