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EN
Revisions of achievements of empirical studies in cartography focused on describing main research themes and diagnosing challenges to be approached. Intriguingly, there is no analysis of maps used as a stimuli in these experiments. In order to fill existing scarcity, this paper presents the analysis of the content of four journals affiliated by the International Cartographic Association. Four features (map medium, reactiveness, method of cartographic presentation, users familiarity with the depicted data) are described based on 103 papers presenting empirical studies. Types of maps were identified in scope of every feature. Most frequently used ones are displayed on the screen, non-interactive, depicting qualitative data and area unfamiliar for the participant of the study.
EN
This research focuses on the 2D and 3D geospatial analysis of the Ryukyu Trench, a deep-sea trench located in the western Pacific Ocean between Japan and Taiwan. The aim of the research is to visualize regional diferences in the topography of the southern (S) and northern (N) parts of the trench. Technically, the methodology is based on using the Generic Mapping Tools (GMT) scripting toolset, for modelling the General Bathymetric Chart of the Oceans (GEBCO), and Earth Topography and Bathymetry dataset (ETOPO1) raster grids. The results demonstrated topographic diferences in the two segments. The most frequent depths lie between -5,000 and -6,000 m. The N part has steeper gradient slopes and deeper bathymetry. Of the depth diferences >-6,000 m, S has nine values with depths >-6,800 m while N shows 123 records (max -7,460 m). The submarine terraces of S have gentler slopes compared with the N segment. The technical approach presents GMT-based 2D and 3D cartographic modelling aimed at visualizing regional variations of the seafloor topography.
XX
Zainteresowania naukowe Eugeniusza Romera — oprócz wielu rozpraw z zakresu geografii, kartografii, klimatologii i innych dziedzin — dotyczyły także szczegółowych analiz wyników badań statystycznych, jak również opracowywania odrębnych prac statystycznych.
EN
Eugeniusz Romer is known throughtout Poland as author o f a host of works from the field of geography, cartography, climatology, and other related areas. However, Romer is less well-known for his detailed analyses of statistical data and his separate statistical works. Before the World War II He was also a member of Polish Statistical Association.
EN
The aim of this text is to evaluate the distribution of windmills in Pomerania, an area which stretches from Gdańsk to Toruń, over the period of the nineteenth century. The basic research method was to analyse various maps from both the early nineteenth century and the late nineteenth century. The results made it possible to state that the total number windmills increased by a factor of three, and that this referred mainly to cereal mills. The number of vertical windmills with rotating caps increased at the beginning of the nineteenth century, but the number of drainage windmills remained unchanged. The very high demand for wind energy was a result of significant economic development within the Prussian partition in the second half of the nineteenth century. Cartographic sources allowed this phenomenon to be verified in the most complete way.
EN
For twenty years, a large number of works have been devoted to studying the inclusion of literature in space and the representation of places in literary texts. This interest in space issues seems to fit in both the evolution of literary genres, characterized by an increasing spatialization of narrative forms, and the development of artistic practices related to the creation of literary maps. After what has been termed the spatial turn in literary and cultural studies, critics have focused their attention on the relationships among space, place and mapping in literature. This aspect is one of the most interesting themes in the field of Geocriticism. This paper aims to study this “convergence” between literature and cartography, examining the textuality of literary maps and, in particular, their rhetorical dimension. Literary maps can represent the story setting, allowing the author to build a fictional world that readers explore with the characters.
IT
Nell’ultimo ventennio, un numero importante di lavori sono stati consacrati allo studio della rappresentazione dello spazio nei testi letterari. Tale interesse sembra inscriversi sia nell’evoluzione dei generi, caratterizzati da una spazializzazione crescente delle forme narrative, sia nello sviluppo di pratiche artistiche legate alla creazione di carte letterarie. In seguito all’affermarsi dello spatial turn negli studi letterari e culturali, parte della critica ha focalizzato la sua attenzione sulla relazione che intercorre tra spazio immaginario, spazio referenziale e pratica cartografica. Quest’ultimo aspetto costituisce uno dei temi più interessanti della metodologia geocritica. Il presente articolo mira a studiare questa “convergenza” tra la letteratura e la cartografia, con l’intento di esaminare la testualità delle carte letterarie e, in particolare, la loro dimensione retorica. Le carte letterarie sono in grado di rappresentare i luoghi in cui si svolge l’azione di un romanzo, o di più romanzi, permettendo allo scrittore di costruire un mondo immaginario che i lettori esplorano assieme ai personaggi.
EN
The article deals with the issue of the so­called physico­‑theology of the Early Modern age and its relationship to contemporary natural science. It serves as a background for one of the representatives of Christian natural science, Gerardus Mercator (1512–1594). An outline of the concepts, characteristics and period of physico­theological thought is followed by an analysis of Mercator’s main work, Atlas, sive cosmographicae meditationes, against marked features of the physico­theological method. Although known to the world as a geographer and cartographer whose inductive methodical approach ranks him among protagonists of natural science, in particular modern geography, Mercator himself places the focal point of his activities in cosmographic texts. They are clearly marked by a teleological way of thinking. All of Mercator’s (specialist) cognitive endeavours are doxologically aimed at a praise of God’s omnipotence, wisdom and goodness.
EN
The aim of this paper is to present an international and multidisciplinary project entitled Digitising Patterns of Power (later referred to as DPP), which is funded by the programme Digital Humanities: Langzeitprojekte zum kulturellen Erbe of the Austrian Academy of Sciences. The project is hosted by the Institute for Medieval Research of the Austrian Academy of Sciences (its implementation period is 2015–2018). DPP is intended to compare four regions: the Carolingian Eastern Alps (8th–9th c.), the March / Morava–Thaya / Dyje Borderregion (7th–11th c.), the historical region of Macedonia (12th–14th c.), and historical Southern Armenia (5th–11th c.). The team concentrates on aspects such as: the depiction and analysis of space and location in medieval written sources, the interaction between developed and natural environment, the usage of space, and the emergence of new political, religious and economic structures of power. DPP is implemented within the framework of the programme Digital Humanities: Langzeitprojekte zum kulturellen Erbe of the Austrian Academy of Sciences. We are certain that the outcome of the project will render interesting results and insights, not only for the researchers focusing on the four aforesaid regions, but also for all those who seek new methods for investigating the past of our continen
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