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ANTROPOLOGIA I TEORIA KULTURY: Poznanie przez sztukę

100%
Tarnowski:, Józef
Miscellanea Anthropologica et Sociologica
|
1993
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vol. 2(1)
119-119
2
Content available remote

ANTHROPOLOGY AND THE THEORY OF CULTURE: Cognition through art

100%
Tarnowski:, Józef
Miscellanea Anthropologica et Sociologica
|
1993
|
vol. 2(1)
119-119
3
Content available remote

Semiosis in History. The Emergence of Alter-Culture

88%
Sonesson G.
Filozofia i nauka. Studia filozoficzne i interdyscyplinarne
|
2019
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vol. 7/1
13-34
EN
Following upon Merlin Donald’s claim that human specificity emerges in history, and not exclusively in evolutionary time, it will be suggested that the diversified means of producing semiosis created by human beings account for the spread of empathy and altruism not only beyond the kin group, but to humankind in general. This amounts to treating other cultures as different from us, but still able to enter into communication with us (as an Alter), as opposed to treating these cultures as being part of nature, and thus only susceptible to being communicated about (as an Alius). Starting out from the theory of bio-cultural evolution defended by Peter J. Richerson and Robert Boyd, as well as from the multi-level selection theory of Elliott Sober and David Sloan Wilson, we try to lay bare the way in which semiotic structures play a role for transforming cultural evolution, contrary to biological evolution, into human history. We inquiry into what makes the existence of Alter-culture possible, if, as Sober and Wilson have claimed, armed with game theory, an altruistic society (an Ego-culture in our terms), is only possible in opposition to another group in relation to which group egoism rules (that is, in our terms, an Alius-culture). We will follow Michael Tomasello in arguing for the primacy of games of cooperation, rather than competition, while adding an historical dimension, which serves to explain how such cooperation can be extended beyond the primary group (our Ego-culture). However, we will insist on the importance of multiple semiotic resources for the boot-strapping of empathy and altruism, as well as on the genesis of this process in cultural encounters, as reflected in the spirit of the Enlightenment.
4
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Consciousness and Evolution

88%
Buda I.-G.
Forum Philosophicum
|
2009
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vol. 14
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issue 2
329-342
EN
I analyse some of the key evolutionary issues that arise in the study of consciousness from a bio-philosophical point of view. They all seem to be related to the fact that phenomenality has a special status: it is a very complex feature, apparently more than biological, it is hard to define because of the plurality of its displays (cognition, various emotions, other complex functions such as vision) and it is difficult to study with classic evolutionary tools (such as philogenetics or paleoanthropology). Giving an answer to the question “is consciousness an adaptive trait?” thus seems to be very difficult and this paper intends to sketch some of the problems we should be concerned with when studying phenomenality as an adaptation.
5
Content available remote

Mortal Body, Immortal Mind: Does the Brain Really Produce Consciousness?

88%
Goller H.
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2012
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vol. 17
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issue 1
5-26
EN
Neuroscientists keep telling us that the brain produces consciousness and consciousness does not survive brain death because it ceases when brain activity ceases. Research findings on near-death-experiences during cardiac arrest contradict this widely held conviction. They raise perplexing questions with regard to our current understanding of the relationship between consciousness and brain functions. Reports on veridical perceptions during out-of-body experiences suggest that consciousness may be experienced independently of a functioning brain and that self-consciousness may continue even after the termination of brain activity. Data on studies of near-death-experiences could be an incentive to develop alternative theories of the body-mind relation as seen in contemporary neuroscience.
6

Conceptual negotiation metaphors across cultures – research findings from Poland, China, The United States and Great Britain

76%
Chmielecki M.
Journal of Intercultural Management
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2013
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vol. 5
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issue 3
103-118
EN
Recent years have seen an explosion of interest in the cultural dimensions of conflict resolution. Books, numerous studies, and courses have offered perspectives on the nature of culture and its complex relationship to the transformation of conflict. This article focuses on metaphors concerning negotiations across cultures. The study attempts to contribute knowledge in the field of cross-cultural studies on language and culture, especially with regards to negotiation metaphors. The article attempts to answer a question how does the usage of metaphors for the process of negotiation differ across cultures
7
Publication available in full text mode
Content available

Effectiveness of the use of video games in the cognitive training of the elderly

76%
Navarro Guillén J., Zaragozà Biot M. C., Alfaro Royo M. C., Sánchez Miguel R., Cárdenas Beltrán C. N., Fernández Alquézar O.
Atena Journal of Public Health
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2019
|
vol. 1
1-1
EN
Objectives: This paper focuses on the main characteristics of aging and cognitive decline, considering also the aging process through the conceptual prism of biology (mechanisms of shortening of telomeres, cell oxidation and decrease in growth hormone segregation). The main objective was to study the effectiveness of the use of video games as occupational therapy intervention in the cognitive training of the elderly. Methods: Literature review was carried out according to PRISMA guidelines. The PICO strategy was used for the research question construction and the literature search; the P would be equivalent to the target population (Elderly), the I would be equivalent to the intervention of the intervention group (Videogames), the C to the existence of a control group (Control) and the O to the objective or variable to be modified (Cognition). The search was done in different scientific databases: Medline (Pubmed), Academic Search Complete, Cinahl y Psycinfo (EBSCO), Ibecs y Lilacs (BVS) y OTSeeker. Findings: The results are promising in terms of the effectiveness of video games in the cognitive training of the elderly. However, the effects varied in the different categories of video games. Conclusions: The use of video games may be an effective occupational therapy intervention for the cognitive training of the elderly. New research is needed about the potential cognitive benefits of the different categories of video games.
8
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Cognition, Metacognition and Learning

76%
Extremiana A. A.
Multidisciplinary Journal of School Education
|
2018
|
issue 13
163-187
XX
This article presents a theoretical review of the difficulty that exists in our days to understand and apprehend metacognition, given the problem that involves the construct itself. In addition, it is a complex concept to measure and to be able to apply it to the educational world and the teaching-learning process. This article discusses the importance of cognition and metacognition, as it establishes a clear difference between the two. A theoretical review of metacognitive research is presented, differentiating the existing research studies on control and the cognitive regulation from the research work that examines metacognition in the educational field. This article also reflects on the state of the metacognitive measurement and the difficulties to capture the metacognitive magnitude and scale as it relates to the capability to transfer these concepts to the educational world. It discusses viable ways to achieve a better development of the autonomy of the apprentices, being reflected in a "learning to learn" action that transcends the school environment and projects to all facets of meaningful learning.
9
Content available remote

Logos, pathos, ethos. Akt poznania teologicznego w perspektywie antropologicznej

63%
Wiończyk G.
Teologia w Polsce
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2014
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vol. 8
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issue 1
179-194
PL
Akt poznania teologicznego, który przez wieki wielokrotnie stanowił przedmiot dociekań, dzisiaj związany jest z nowymi pytaniami stawianymi przez współczesny kontekst. Na jego rozumienie wpływa współczesne zagadnienie społecznej legitymizacji humanistyki. Pytanie o akt poznania teologicznego posiada głęboki wymiar antropologiczny w podwójnym sensie: od strony metody – jest aktem człowieka, a więc jego analiza może opierać się na elementach struktury antropologicznej (logos, ethos i pathos); od strony jego wykonawcy: jest aktem konkretnej osoby żyjącej w konkretnym czasie. Oznacza to, że aktu poznania teologicznego nie można ograniczyć jedynie do asercji zdań lub systemu, ale trzeba w nim uwzględnić dynamikę ludzkiej osoby w jej relacyjnym charakterze oraz całoosobowe przylgnięcie do Boga.
EN
The theological cognition act, which has constituted a subject of investigation for ages, is today related to new questions posed by the contemporary context. The notion of the social humanity legitimization is what influences its understanding. The question concerning the theological cognition act has a deep anthropological dimension in a double sense: from the side of the method - it is a human act, therefore its analysis may be based on elements of anthropological structure: logos, ethos and pathos; from the side of the performer: it is an act of the particular person living in the particular time. This means that the theological cognition act cannot be limited only to sentence assertion or system construction, but it must consider the dynamics of a human being in its relative character, as well as the total dedication to God.
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