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EN
Book review: Brône G., Feyaerts, K. and Veale, T. (eds.) (2015). Cognitive Linguistics and Humour. Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter. 248 pp.
The Biblical Annals
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2016
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vol. 6
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issue 1
45-72
EN
The main purpose of this article is to provide biblical scholarship with a broad hermeneutical framework concerning the cognitive dimension of metaphorical phenomena. According to current research, metaphor is a tool of knowledge, a way through which the human mind conceptualizes reality. Despite the fact that Cognitive Linguistics (CL) is generally credited with bringing the cognitive dimension of metaphor to light, the discovery of this dimension is by no means recent. This article will show that it already appeared in Aristotle’s work, was blurred in Classical Rhetoric by a more aesthetic perspective, reappeared at the very beginning of the modern age, and finally became dominant in the 20th century. CL is therefore the result of a long tradition that has the merit of clarifying the cognitive mechanisms of metaphorical processes. Its theoretical and methodological model currently represents the reference point for studies on daily and literary metaphors, shedding new light on biblical metaphors. This article shows how CL can be beneficial for biblical exegesis by analysing Song 8:10 in light of this approach.
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2017
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vol. 15
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issue 2
119-128
EN
This editorial outlines the theoretical and methodological underpinnings of the current special issue, signalling some of the practical implications of the problems investigated. As the title of the collection highlights the convergence of “translation” and “cognition”, emphasis is here first placed on what “cognitive” can be taken to stand for in translation-centred research. I then discuss the other identifying idea of the issue – that of asymmetry – i.e. the observation that conceptual-semantic content is variably partitioned as it gets coded in different languages. Special attention is paid to cross-linguistic conventionalisation misalignment which requires sensitisation to translation scenarios where the symmetry of the source and target structures is only illusory.
EN
Given the different linguistic varieties of Portuguese, and especially the two national varieties (EP and BP), reflecting on teaching of Portuguese as a non‑native language is a complex task that needs to be taken up by entities engaged in the process, especially if it happens outside of the space of Lusophone countries. In this paper, we propose to go beyond the usual concerns about the differences between the two varieties (phonetic, phonological, lexical and morphological) widely known and presented in Portuguese grammars, and to concentrate on the semantic, discursive and conceptual levels of language, anchoring the study in the framework of Cognitive Linguistics, and discussing the role of linguistic creativity and conceptualization in advertising (BP and EP) [cf. Arruda, 2013 and Batoréo, in press].
EN
The aim of this article is to consider the role of emergent structure in conceptual integration networks and the impact it has on the process of meaning construction. What is under analysis is the way in which a well-established emergent structure helps the blend to achieve its goals of providing human scale and achieving its persuasive effects. The analysis is a case study of four advertising campaigns which use conceptual blending to advertise their products via manipulating an image of a child into their advertising posters.
EN
The present paper examines the construal of the verb myśleć ‘think’ in Polish from the perspective of Cognitive Grammar and Functional Linguistics. Cognitive corpus-driven and quantitative methodology (e.g., Glynn and Fischer 2010) is applied to reveal the formal and semantic correlations obtaining between a set of unprefixed and prefixed verb forms of myśleć ‘think’, instantiating and profiling various aspects of the category in question. The quantitative configurational method (Geeraerts et al. 1994) reveals the “behavioral profiles” (Gries 2006) of the verb, based on the “usage features” (Glynn 2009) associated with it. The notion of subjective and objective construal, as developed by Langacker (1990, 2006), is further elaborated on by more functional dimensions of perspective-taking, as put forward by Nuyts (2001), Verhagen (2008) and Traugott (1995, 2010).
Open Theology
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2014
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vol. 1
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issue 1
EN
The paper argues from the perspective of a significant strand of interpretation of Aquinas and from insights in cognitive linguistics that a fruitful dialogue between Whitehead and Thomism needs to take into account that metaphysics and talk about God are metaphorical and analogical all the way down. Cognitive linguistics provides an explanatory scheme for explaining how Aquinas’s tectonic use of analogy shifts the ground of our conventional fields of meanings to create space to conceptualize what otherwise would be beyond grasp and to make inferences possible that otherwise would be unthinkable. The essay concludes with a question, admittedly from a particular trajectory of Thomism and cognitive linguistics, about whether Whitehead’s conception of God adequately accounts for the radically metaphorical “imaginative leap” entailed in the Christian conception of God.
EN
In the recent thirty years, much of the research carried out in the field of linguistics has been based on the experientialist philosophy formulated by George Lakoff and Mark Johnson, treating language as a key to uncover the cognitively unconscious in human thought and operating with notions such as conceptualization, conceptual metaphor, or image schema. Nevertheless, despite the great success of the cognitive linguistics enterprise, the basic philosophical assumptions that lie at the foundation of the paradigm may still raise controversies and trigger lively discussions. The present article aims to shed more light at some of the essential issues pertaining to the modern-day cognitive approach by tracing its roots to the philosophy of Immanuel Kant, Ludwig Wittgenstein, and Benjamin Lee Whorf. To start with, the article discusses the place that the philosophy of experiential realism takes in the basic division between realism and anti-realism, and attempts to demonstrate that the quest to uphold the basic realistic stance while still giving a chief role to human conceptualization is in many ways an elaboration of Kant’s “Copernican revolution”. Even more traces are found in the late works of Ludwig Wittgenstein, who with his “Philosophical Investigations” laid foundations for the current cognitive theory of categorization, not only helping realize the blurry character of category borders but also questioning the hitherto dominating atomistic approach to meaning. Perhaps the most noteworthy inspirations, however, can be found in the writings of Benjamin Lee Whorf who, like the modern-day cognitive linguists, was deeply interested in the variety of the different models that humans impose on the real world, and who may have prefigured much of the currently popular theory of conceptual metaphor. Overall, a deeper insight into the philosophy of the three discussed thinkers allows us to better understand the roots of the modern-day cognitive linguistics and erase some of the controversies that have arisen around it over the years.
EN
The paper aims at discussing the problems of conceptual metalinguistic metaphorics, its influence on the way theoretical considerations is exercised in contemporary linguistic discourse, which results in the creation of specific models of language, communication and translation. The problem of metaphorical profiling discussed in the following considerations is approached from the perspective of contemporary linguistics, which makes it possible to see a peculiar confusion of “reality” and “cognitive” aspects in metalinguistic reflection. Undoubtedly, it is impossible to think and discuss the most abstract aspects of language outside the metaphorical framework. But should all metaphorical imagery, including the most “common sense” constructs, justify the theoretical modelling of language, communication or translation and set the course for a scientific cognitive approach to these categories? The metaphorical language of the researcher should be an element consistent with the theoretical assumptions that the researcher represents. This is because a metaphor is a reflection of a person’s way of thinking. A lack of congruence between expressions and the description of the declared views may result in a lack of credibility of the language theory. The conclusions presented in this paper will be subjected to further investigations.
EN
The paper deals with metonymies having body parts as source domains in English and Bosnian. According to Cognitive Linguistics standpoint, human cognition is based on bodily functioning. Therefore, we started from the hypothesis that most body part metonymies are very similar across languages and cultures, and share similar properties. The aim of the paper was threefold: first, to examine whether metonymies with body parts as source domains have common grammatical and conceptual properties in English, secondly to examine whether they share the same properties in Bosnian, and thirdly to compare the two languages in this respect. We analysed body part metonymies in terms of some grammatical properties such as the use of singular and plural, specific and generic reference, grammatical recategorisation from count to mass nouns, noun-to-verb conversion, and some conceptual properties such as source-in-target vs. target-in-source metonymies, metonymic chains and combination of metaphor and metonymy. Many common features were found both within the respective languages under consideration and in cross-linguistic analysis. The minor differences found in contrasting the data from the two languages are mainly the result of differences in grammatical systems.
Językoznawstwo
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2022
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vol. 17
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issue 2
93-111
EN
This article discusses conceptual metaphors – their types, functions and the ways in which they are created. It also reflects on the connection between conceptual metaphors and their linguistic realisation. The research is carried out from the cognitive point of view. Theories related to conceptual metaphors e.g. interaction theory of metaphor, domain interaction model, theory of conceptual metaphor proposed by Lakoff and Johnson; conceptual blending are highlighted. Metonymy and radial structure of meaning are also taken into consideration during the research, which has qualitative character. In the analysis an attempt is made to determine which conceptual metaphors have been used in digital texts devoted to the war currently taking place in Ukraine. Text corpus is based on material gathered from Onet.pl that can be viewed as one of the most influential news websites in Poland and can serve as a representative source to draw more general conclusions.
PL
Artykuł ma na celu refleksję nad sposobami konstruowania, typami i funkcjami metafor konceptualnych oraz nad powiązaniami metafory konceptualnej z jej językową realizacją (m. in. przez zjawisko rozkładalności znaczenia). Badania prowadzone są z perspektywy kognitywistycznej. Nacisk zostaje położony na teorie dotyczące metafory konceptualnej, takie jak teoria interakcji metafor, teoria interakcji domen, teoria metafory konceptualnej w propozycji Lakoffa i Johnsona oraz amalgamat pojęciowy. Uwzględnione zostają też metonimia oraz sieciowy model znaczenia. W prowadzonej analizie, która ma charakter jakościowy, następuje próba wskazania na metafory poznawcze obecne w internetowych tekstach tematyzujących konflikt zbrojny w Ukrainie. Korpus tekstowy pochodzi z portalu informacyjnego Onet.pl, który jest jednym z największych portali internetowych w Polsce o znacznym wpływie opiniotwórczym i może służyć jako źródło do wyciągania wniosków lingwistycznych o bardziej ogólnej naturze.
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