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Kilka uwag na temat praktyk magicznych chrześcijan w późnoantycznych kościelnych tekstach normatywnych

100%

Wojcieszak M.

Studia Pelplińskie

2018

vol. 52

421-434

In this article, I presented a few remarks on the magical practices of Christians, which can be found in late antiquity (IV and V century) ecclesiastical normative texts such as files of synods, Canones Patrum Greacorumor Constitutiones Apostolorum. The problem of magical practices practiced by Christians concerned the entire area of the Roman Empire and was associated mainly with the remains (in some western provinces very strong) pagan cults, and also with the fact that not all residents of the Empire adopted the Christian religion. In the Church documentary sources, we can not find much records about the issue that interests us. Mainly we have a ban on practicing magic, fortune-telling, attending diviners, preparing spells and drinks. For all these offenses, of course, the appropriate penalties, most often temporary exclusion from the community with the Church. Why are these rules so general? The most probable answer is that then everyone knew why he was going to an astrologer, wizard, magician or fortune-teller and what he could expect (for many probably there were numerous visits) and there was no point detailing it in the following canons. Perhaps the whole set of apostasy was also included in magical practices (without specific mentioning them in the content of the recipe), but there was no need to repeat and remind christians about it frequently. Hierarchs paid more attention to the fight against paganism, punishments and inventing remedies.

W artykule zaprezentowałem kilka uwag dotyczących praktyk magicznych chrześcijan, które odnaleźć można w późnoantycznych (IV i V w.) kościelnych tekstach normatywnych takich jak akta synodów, Canones Patrum Greacorum czyConstitutiones Apostolorum. Problem praktyk magicznych uprawianych przez chrześcijan dotyczył całego obszaru Cesarstwa Rzymskiego i związany był głównie z pozostałościami (w niektórych prowincjach zachodnich bardzo silnymi) kultów pogańskich, a także z tym, że nie wszyscy mieszkańcy Imperium przyjęli religię chrześcijańską. W źródłach dokumentowych Kościoła niewiele znajdziemy zapisów dotyczących interesującego nas zagadnienia. Głównie odnajdujemy zakazy uprawiania magii, wróżenia, uczęszczania do wróżbitów, przyrządzania zaklęć oraz napojów. Za wszystkie te wykroczenia groziły oczywiście odpowiednie kary, najczęściej czasowego wyłączenia ze wspólnoty z Kościołem.

Odpowiedzialność za wychowanie dzieci w wybranej literaturze wczesnochrześcijańskiej

89%

Szczur P.

Vox Patrum

2013

vol. 60

385-404

This article is a presentation of the problem of parents’ responsibility in raising their children. The first part shows a few general, but fundamental aspects of child upbringing in the Greco-Roman world. The next part describes ancient Christian texts written in Syria about the given problem (Didascalia Apostolorum, Constitutiones Apostolorum and selected works by St. John Chrysostom). These texts contain sincere admonishments to bring up children in accord with Christian ideals. Parents were sensitized to see the need for well-rounded moral and religious education of their children as well as for guarding them from negative influence of the surrounding world. The ultimate goal of such education was the salvation of the child (and the parents). In order to achieve this aim parents were required to use severe methods such as physical punishment, and to become more involved as educators, teachers and people responsible for the Christian formation of their children. It appears from these texts that although ancient Christian thinkers drew extensively from the achievements of classical culture in the field of child education and tried to transplant worthy ideals on the Christian ground, yet they gave them a different dimension and directed them toward a different aim.

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Kilka uwag na temat praktyk magicznych chrześcijan w późnoantycznych kościelnych tekstach normatywnych

Odpowiedzialność za wychowanie dzieci w wybranej literaturze wczesnochrześcijańskiej