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XX
Celem pracy jest zbadanie stanu infrastruktury technicznej i jej zróżnicowania przestrzennego w przekroju powiatów. W analizie przestrzennego zróżnicowania powiatów zastosowano metodę tzw. pozycyjnego miernika rozwoju, którego konstrukcja została oparta na medianie przestrzennej Webera i medianowym odchyleniu bezwzględnym.
EN
This paper attempts to measure technological infrastructure development in municipalities in Poland with the use of position development measurement. It is modelled after Hellwig's model method, with the use of spatial median and median absolute deviation. As elements defining the development of infrastructure development 6 features representing individual components of infrastructure have been adopted: communal and municipality roads, water supply and sewage system, gas grid, telephone network and sewage treatment plants. Individual municipalities are ordered in a linear way according to their level of technological infrastructure and its general spatial picture for Poland.(original abstract)
PL
Celem prezentowanego opracowania jest analiza przestrzennego zróżnicowania rozwoju dynamicznego powiatów w latach 2002-2011. Rozwój ów jest mierzony w prowadzonych dalej analizach za pomocą taksonomicznych wskaźników rozwoju ekonomicznego. Wskaźniki te zaś są oparte na odległościach, w przestrzeni euklidesowej i miejskiej, badanych powiatów od pewnego powiatu-wzorca, tj. takiego hipotetycznego powiatu, który charakteryzowałby się najwyższymi wartościami badanych stymulantów oraz najniższymi wartościami destymulant rozwoju ekonomicznego.(fragment tekstu)
EN
The aim of the paper was to analyse the regional economic diversity of Polish counties (voivo-dships) between 2002 and 2011. In order to do so the authors constructed a set of taxonomic indicators which consist of various macroeconomic, historical and geographical variables. The first part of a paper deals with the methodology of construction of mentioned above taxonomic indicators. Every indicator, is a mixture of stimulus and destimulus, available from the public statistics. Five ofsix included variable in per capita units. Presentation of the analysis results uses maps and tables. In the second part of the work various statistical analysis were conducted to eveluate the meaning of the time variable, the types of counties, historical context of local diversity of counties, institutional variables such the distance to Polush capita Warsaw and the capital of a region, and finally the demographic development in every county. In the conclusion part the authors included major summary of the analysis and also they aimed to evaluate the level of local development and its determinats.(original abstract)
PL
Celem artykułu jest analiza przestrzennego zróżnicowania technicznego uzbrojenia pracy i wydajności pracy w powiatach województwa dolnośląskiego w latach 2002-2010. W pracy przez techniczne uzbrojenie pracy rozumie się wartość brutto środków trwałych na pracującego, zaś wydajność pracy definiuje się jako PKB na pracującego.(fragment tekstu)
EN
The main goal of the paper is the analysis of spatial diversification of the capital-labour ratio and the labour productivity in the counties (powiats) of Dolnośląskie voivodship, in the years 2002-2010. The following study consists of three parts. The first part presents the value of the capital--labour ratio and the labour productivity in Dolnośląskie voivodship compared to average value of analysed macroeconomic data in Poland. The second part is the analysis of spatial diversification of the capital-labour ratio and the labour productivity in the counties of Dolnośląskie voivodship. The third part is the evaluation of macroeconomic parameters connected with Cobb-Douglas' production function at the counties level.(original abstract)
XX
W artykule podjęto próbę analizy rozwoju ekonomicznego powiatów w woj. małopolskim, wykorzystując cztery1 podstawowe zmienne makroekonomiczne: stopę bezrobocia rejestrowanego, majątek trwały brutto per capita, inwestycje per capita oraz płace. Łącząc rozważane cechy typologiczne, opisujące aspekty rozwoju gospodarczego badanych powiatów, opracowano wskaźniki taksonomiczne oparte na odległościach w przestrzeniach metrycznych: euklidesowej, miejskiej oraz hiperbolicznej. (fragment tekstu)
EN
The article attempts a typology of districts in Małopolskie Voivodship on the basis of taxonomic indicators. The study used indicators based on distances in metrics: Euclidean, urban and hyperbolic. Basic macroeconomic variables such as investment per capita, gross fixed capital per capita, real wages and the unemployment rate were included in the analysis. (original abstract)
XX
Celem przedstawionego w artykule badania jest próba analizy przestrzennego zrożnicowania powiatów 10 lat po transformacji. Analizę przeprowadzono na podstawie danych statystycznych obejmujących 307 powiatów badanych ze względu na 9 zmiennych demograficznych i 14 zmiennych ekonomicznych według stanu na rok 2000. Pomiar przestrzennego zróżnicowania wykonano przy wykorzystaniu sieci neuronowej typu SOM (Self-Organizing Map).
EN
The analyse of similarities and diversification of poviats in Poland can serve as basis of diagnosis method of its condition after 10 years transformation period in Poland. A neural networks can be one of the measure used for such analyse. The article presents a trial of application of artificial neural networks for spatial survey of diversification of poviats in Poland. The analyse is conducting on the basis of statistical data concerning poviats, surveyed considering 9 demographic variables and 14 economic variables. The analyse covered Polish poviats without the Warszawski poviat and cities with poviat status - in total 307 administrative units, by situation as of 2000. Classification is based on neural network of Self-Organizing Map type (SOM). As a result it received 3 groups of poviats separated considering demographic variables and 5 groups considering economic variables. Then the analyse of poviats grouping in separate classes was conducted. On the above-mentioned basis it proved that received groups are clearly differed. Having regard to the conducted analyse it is possible to draw some conclusions which can be used for change of regional policy, development of regions and setback of enlarging disproportion between poviats. (original abstract)
EN
The Society of People’s Readings established in 1880 had a great influence on shaping the national consciousness of Poles living under the occupation. The main aim of the society was to be realized through the creation of a library network in the areas of the Prussian partition. People who lead the library of the Society of People’s Readings should not only share books, but above all, broaden the horizons of people from the lower social layer. That is why popular science meetings, reading meetings, evening parties and folk rallies were organized. In the Tuchola County in 1914 there were 12 libraries with 728 books in their collections. In 1921, the Tuchola district committee, consisting of 14 libraries, was one of the most energetic in the Pomeranian Voivodship.
EN
The paper is an attempt to perform a comparative analysis of the situation on labour market of districts of Slaskie voivodeship in 2006 and in 2010 through providing its statistical image. In the first stage of the study a synthetic variable (Hellwig measurement) was constructed. It allowed for linear ordering of the districts from "the best" to "the worst" with respect to the situation on labour market and for the assessment of the change of image of labour market in Slaskie voivodeship in 2010 in comparison with 2006. In this way the thesis that measurement of condition of the labour market with the use of synthetic variable provides more reliable results than the measurement with the use of only the unemployment rate was to be verified.
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