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The Role of Organisations of Journalists in Promoting Media Literacy – Building Credibility and Trust

100%
Kanižaj I., Lechpammer S.
Media Literacy and Academic Research
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2019
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vol. 2
|
issue 1
24-37
EN
In the previous research (ANR TRANSLIT, Mapping media literacy practices and actions in EU 28) organisations of journalists were identified as stakeholders in promoting media literacy. Theirrole was seen as essential in promoting credibility as a competence based on the truthfulness and relevance of content and sources. Furthermore, in 2014 they were identified as key actors by UNESCO within the Paris Declaration on Media and Information Literacy in Digital Era. Credibility is still seen as fundamental media capital. Although media organisations were one of the first stakeholders promoting credibility, recent research has showed that their activities in promoting media literacy were outnumbered by NGOs. According to the European Federation of Journalists, one of the main goals of journalists’ organisations is to defend values such as freedom of the press, independency, quality and credibility. In this study the authors research the existing activities of organisations of journalists in promoting media literacy throughout the EU. The results of a survey done within organisations of journalists and the results of content analysis of websites are presented. The authors’ goal is to examine how organisations of journalists are engaged to promote media literacy and to what extent they produce additional activities to tackle disinformation, fake news and media manipulation.
2

Does the Credible Fiscal Policy Support the Prices Stabilization?

88%
Kuncoro H.
Review of Economic Perspectives
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2015
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vol. 15
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issue 2
137-156
EN
This paper aims at analyzing the co-movement between fiscal policy and monetary policy rules in the context of price stabilization. More specifically, we observe the potential impact of fiscal policy credibility on the price stabilization in the inflation targeting framework. Motivated by the fact that empirical studies concerning this aspect are still limited, we take the case of Indonesia over the period 2001-2013. Based on the quarterly data analysis, we found that the impact of credibility typically depends on characteristics of fiscal rules commitment. On one hand, the credibility of debt rule reduces the inflation rate. In contrast, the incredible deficit rule policy does not have any impact on the inflation rate and therefore does not support to inflation targeting. Given those results, we conclude that credibility matters in stabilizing price levels. Accordingly, those findings suggest tightening coordination between monetary and fiscal policy to maintain fiscal sustainability in accordance with price stabilization policy
3
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Disappointed and Dissatisfied – the Impact of Clickbait Headlines on Public Perceptions of Credibility of Media in Croatia

75%
Kanižaj I., Beck B., Lechpammer S., Weidlich I.
Media Literacy and Academic Research
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2022
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vol. 5
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issue 2
82-94
EN
The existing literature devoted to the area of clickbait lays emphasis mostly on content analysis as used by the authors to explore the basic features of published media texts. The market background of clickbait production conditioned by the need to collect clicks and, consequently, to increase online monetization, greatly influences the editing and design of headings, headlines, sub-headlines and sub-headings as media texts. From a narratological point of view, clickbait is a peritext that entices readers instead of informing them. Rhetorically, it does so by announcement and allusion. If a clickbait is successful, it encourages readers to imagine that clicking on a given hyperlink is likely to enable them to bridge the information gap. However, as clickbait leads to uninteresting and worthless content, the users feel betrayed and disappointed. This is exactly what can have an impact on the perception of media credibility. In this paper, we present the results of the first Croatian representative research study (N=1,009) that investigates public attitudes about the reception of clickbait content and places special emphasis on researching satisfaction and disappointment, i.e., the readers’ experience of the content of published headlines that have elements of clickbait, as well as the possible impact of clickbait on media credibility.
4
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Social Media Disengagement Among Gen Y and Gen Z: a Quantitative Investigation

75%
Chellasamy A., Almeida S. M., Prakash G. S., Nagarathinam A., Rangasamy S.
Media Literacy and Academic Research
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2022
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vol. 5
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issue 1
230-252
EN
This paper attempts to identify the relationship between Social media disengagement (SMD) and Social media experience (SME), perceived anonymity (PA), perceived credibility (PC) and subjective norms (SN), individual characteristics (IC) and to identify the most widely used social media network among Gen Y and Gen Z. A quantitative survey of 800 participants of Gen Y and Gen Z of Bangalore city were the respondents. A total of 532 responses were received, and the data were analyzed using SPSS. Results reveal that there is no correlation between SMD and SME, PC, PA and SN. However, the disengagement level varies across different social media networks like Instagram, Facebook, Twitter and LinkedIn. The study suggests that degree of social media activity combined with digital literacy enhances social media usage among millennials, and with improved customer engagement in social media, marketers can harness it positively to improve their product offerings and customer base. Social Media Disengagement was first studied in the Indian context and less explored compared to engagement. During the pandemic GenY and GenZ shared and cared for in the online platform, resulting in a sense of belongingness. Hence, their disengagement from social media, generates opportunities for marketers to have better connectivity.
5
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Rating jako narzędzie oceny wiarygodności kredytowej inwestora samorządowego

75%
Czempas J., Kobiński T.
Studia Ekonomiczne
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2014
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vol. 177
110-124
EN
Inceasing scope of tasks assigned to local self-governments and limited financial resources for disposal create necessity to use external financial sources that enable fulfillment especially of investment tasks. Rating is one of the tools that increase reliability of a given local self-government. Credit rating given to a private or public entity by a respected rating agency leads to increase in bigger trust on financial markets and high rating may increase the basis of potential investors. The national valuation of debt issuance and its verification in comparison to the one made by offering organizer is also made by means of rating.
6
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Uzasadnianie w teologii fundamentalnej

51%
Rusecki M., Mastej J.
Roczniki Teologii Fundamentalnej i Religiologii
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2010
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vol. 2
61-80
PL
Fundamental Theology is scientific discipline which ex professo treats about justifying the credibility of Christianity. This discipline is about the foundations of faith and justifies credibility of Divine Revelation which has been fulfilled in Jesus Christ and lasts in the Church. Fundamental Theology would like to make Christian faith reasonable as it shoud be because a man is reasonable and free person full of dignity. Contemporary Fundamental Theology not only makes the traditional argumentation reacher but also tries to find new arguments for the credibility of Christianity. This article contents following issues: 1. justifying the credibility of Christianity as the aim of Fundamental Theology; 2. some projects rejecting the necessity of justifying the credibility of Christianity; 3. traditional arguments for the credibility of the Revelation fulfilled in Jesus Christ; 4. justifying in modern Fundamental Theology. The process of justifying in Fundamental Theology means searching or making arguments, reasons, for supernatural character of Christianity. Because every argument shows the Revelation and faith only partially, so each of them cannot fulfill the whole task. Fundamental Theology needs many arguments. Presenting lots of them Fundamental Theology is able to justify Christian faith more fully.
7

The Relationship Between Faith, Reason, and Science in the Transmission of the Faith in the Times of Growing Secularization

26%
Kaucha K.
Roczniki Teologiczne
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2014
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vol. 61
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issue 9: Teologia Fundamentalna i Religiologia
33-42
EN
This article touches mostly on two points: the relation­ship between faith, reason, and science (1) and John Paul II's explanation of the growth of secularization (2) as a very important context of the transmission of the Christian faith today. 1. Faith and reason need each other and support each other. Christian faith is not a natural product of human reason and always provokes reason to open itself and to see much more than reason alone can see. Genuine science is not in conflict with Catholic Christianity. Science, which came to exist thanks to Judeo-Christian Revelation, is a different order of knowledge that has its own built-in logic and dignity. Science wants to know better the material side of nature, while faith is a personal and active answer to God's Revelation which was fulfilled in Jesus Christ. Its credibi­lity has many reasons. Some of them are confirmed by scientists investigating nature but more of them are the subject of Fundamental Theology which is a successor of Apologe­tics. The Catholic Church owes very much to science and scientists and honors their genius. Good science makes many peoples' lives better: medical care, the production of more food, the confirmation of the authenticity of The Shroud of Turin, the confirmation of medical miracles are all products of good science. 2. John Paul II was aware of a phenomenon of growing secularization, especially in the western world. He knew that this phenomenon is explained by some people as proof of the fact that Christian faith is going to end. According to him, secularization seems to grow only in the western world and is a proof of its cultural and ethical crisis. This is the crisis of man, of vision, and the vocation of men. This culture needs repairs, needs a new spirit, a new certain hope to be able to survive. It might be given by the Christian faith which offers a full meaning of human life and answers all existential questions.
PL
Ten artykuł, mający na celu udzielenie syntetycznej odpowiedzi na postawiony problem, złożony jest głównie z dwóch części: relacji między wiarą, rozumem i nauką (1) oraz św. Jana Pawła II interpretacji zjawiska rosnącej sekularyzacji (2). Obydwa te zagadnienia są istotne dla przekazu wiary chrześcijańskiej w czasach współczesnych i ukazywania jej wiarygodności. Nierzadko bowiem chrześcijanie spotykają się ze stwierdzeniem, że od początku nowożytności rozum i nauka skutecz­nie zakwestionowały prawdziwość wiary dając początek nowej epoce, czego skutkiem jest rosnąca dziś sekularyzacja i zjawiska w rodzaju tzw. nowego ateizmu. 1. W świetle wypowiedzi Magisterium Kościoła oraz teologów wiara chrześcijań­ska i ro­zum nie tylko potrzebują się wzajemnie oraz wspomagają, lecz także od początku istnienia chrześcijaństwa były ze sobą ściśle związane. Wiara chrześcijańska nie jest wytworem ludzkie­go rozumu i zawsze prowokuje go do poznania rzeczywis­tości, do których sam nie jest w sta­nie dotrzeć. Właściwie rozumiana i uprawiana nauka (jako science, czyli nauki przyrodnicze) nie wcho­dzi w konflikt z chrześcijaństwem katolickim. Nauka, która notabene nie mogłaby powstać bez Objawienia judeochrześcijańskiego, jest innym od wiary ro­dzajem poznania, posiadającym uzasadnioną metodologię. Dąży do poznania material­nej, empirycznej strony rzeczywistości, podczas gdy wiara jest angażującą całą ludz­ką osobę odpowiedzią na Boże Objawienie, którego pełnia dokonała się w Jezusie Chrystusie. Wiarygodność tego Objawienia posiada liczne racje i argumenty. Na niektóre wskazują naukowcy badając przyrodę, lecz o liczniejszych traktuje teologia fundamentalna będąca sukcesorką apologetyki. Ogromny wkład w jej rozwój wniósł ks. prof. dr hab. Marian Rusecki (1942-2012) – współtwórca lubelskiej szkoły teologii fund­a­mentalnej. Kościół katolicki o nauce i naukowcach wypowiada się bardzo pozytywnie, do­strzegając ich geniusz. Nauka szanująca godność oraz dobro człowieka uczyniła i czyni bardzo wiele dla poprawy jakości ludzkiego życia; wystarczy pomyśleć o opiece medycznej i produkcji żywnoś­ci. Kościół wiele zawdzięcza też naukowcom biorącym udział w rozpoznawaniu cudów czy badaniach nad Całunem Turyńskim. 2. Bł. Jan Paweł II był świadomy wzrastającej obecnie sekularyzacji, zwłaszcza w świecie zachodnim, oraz tego, że ten fenomen jest przez niektórych interpretowany jako dowód na zanikanie chrześcijaństwa, jego „przeżycie się” czy wprost niewiary­godność. Według Papieża sekularyzacja jest znakiem kulturowego i moralnego kryzy­su cywilizacji zachodniej. Jest to kryzys antropologiczny, kryzys człowieka, jego rozumienia, pojmowania jego natury, egzysten­cji i powołania. Kultura dotknięta tym kryzysem potrzebuje odnowy i nowej nadziei, by w ogó­le przetrwała. Według Jana Pawła II źródłem odnowy może być wiara chrześcijańska, która oferuje pełną, obja­wioną wizję człowieka oraz odpowiada na wszystkie pytania i niepokoje egzystencjalne.
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