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Vznik a počáteční vývoj rekreačních vilových a vilochatových kolonií v pražském okolí ve druhé polovině 19. a prvé polovině 20. století. Pokus o inventuru

100%

Matoušek V.

Historická geografie (Historical Geography)

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2023

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vol. 49

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issue 1

83-107

EN

The subject matter of the paper is the process of formation of the phenomenon of villa and later on villa- cottage holiday settlements near Prague in the 2nd half of the 19th and the 1st half of the 20th centuries. The paper summarizes the existing state of research and defines the basic research topics: description of holiday houses and holiday homes, terminological issues, space-time development of holiday homes, style and history of doing business in the field of suburban recreation, establishment of holiday homes depending on the type of landscape and traffic accessibility. The paper also mentions social and ethnic issues.

2

Postavení českých učitelek a jeho proměna po 28. říjnu 1918. "Jest to práce nejnevděčnější a nejbídněji placená."

100%

Bahenská M.

Střed. Časopis pro mezioborová studia Střední Evropy 19. a 20. století. / Centre. Journal for Interdisciplinary Studies of Central Europe in the 19th and 20th Centuries.

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2011

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vol. 3

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issue Supplementum_1

159-168

EN

The paper deals with the development of the education of women teachers in the Czech Lands, the position of women teachers during the lasts few years of the Austro-Hungarian Empire and the creation and importance of women's teachers associations. It depicts the transformation in the teaching profession brought about by the creation of the Czechoslovak Republic, basing itself primarily on an analysis of the Women Teachers Journal.

3

Farář jako člen venkovské elity? K otázce postavení katolického kléru ve venkovské společnosti českých zemí v 17. a 18. století

100%

Pumpr P.

Historie – Otázky – Problémy (History, Issues, Problems)

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2017

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vol. 9

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issue 1

223-233

EN

A priest administering a parish did not live in the Early Modern times, despite the ideals of the post-Tridentine Church, in isolation from the surrounding world. Following this initial thesis, the study focuses on analysing various factors that integrated the clergy with the rural society, on the one hand, and those that separated it from it, on the other hand. The status of the parish priest as an elite member of rural society is explored both in the context of his exclusive position as a spiritual administrator and his economic activities and, last but not least, of his relations with his superiors, parishioners and patron.

4

Založení vojenského výcvikového prostoru SS Benešov (1939–1942)

88%

Zouzal T.

Český časopis historický (The Czech Historical Review)

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2016

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vol. 114

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issue 2

415-445

EN

The military training area Benešov (SS-Truppenübungsplatz Beneschau, since 1943 SS-Truppenübungsplatz Böhmen) was the largest military training area situated in the Czech Lands. Its existence was connected to the German occupation of the country. The project of the training area was created in 1939. Territorial take-overs only began in 1942 however, because it was necessary to solve many related questions in the highest circles of the imperial and occupational administration. The study analyzes the factors that led to the project’s processing and its approval.

5

Berní zatížení českého venkova v první polovině 19. století a úskalí jeho studia

88%

Lhoták J.

Historie – Otázky – Problémy (History, Issues, Problems)

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2017

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vol. 9

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issue 1

208-222

EN

The paper summarises the possibilities of studying the tax burden on the Czech countryside in 1780–1850. For its analysis it proposes to use the archival collection ‘Contribution Funds’, consisting of individual schedules for the planned contributions (so-called sub-repartitions), and contributory accounts recording all receipts and outlays. Due to the limited ‘sub-repartition’ for land tax only, it recommends to use the sums in the contributory accounts and to work with values for the whole estate. The most suitable comparative figures are grain prices, preserved from commodity prices that are important for the rural environment in the most comprehensive price ranges. Both series of numbers need to be subjected to source criticism (the most important for the period under review is the variability of the currencies used) and then compared with each other.

6

Nábožensko-filozofické kořeny sociálního myšlení a jeho přijetí v české společnosti

88%

Neudorflová M. L.

Moderní dějiny: sborník k dějinám 19. a 20. století (Modern History: Studies into 19th and 20th century history)

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2013

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vol. 21

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issue 2

1-29

EN

Ideas and concepts oriented to social justice, which are the main topic of the paper, grew from historical conditions since ancient times to the 20th century. The legitimacy of concepts such as equality, justice, the right to decent life, and others, had its origins in basic Christianity, Reformation and in modern Enlightenment thinking, which emphasized education and democratization of society as best means to solve social problems. In the Czech context a number of intellectuals welcomed this stream and developed relevant concepts in harmony with the conditions and needs of Czech society.

7

FORMOVANIE ČESKOSLOVENSKEJ EKONOMIKY (1918 – 1920)

88%

Fabricius M.

Historický časopis (Historical Journal)

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2013

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vol. 61

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issue 4

627 – 644

EN

The Czechoslovak Republic was proclaimed in October 1918. The new state united the Czech Lands, which had relatively well developed industry and agriculture, with backward mainly agrarian Slovakia. There were already ideas of territorial or political union of Slovakia and the Czech Lands in the period before the First World War. However, there was no definite “program” by which their economic unification could be more deeply considered. The need to work out a “program” to solve the problems connected with the adaptation of Slovakia and the Czech Lands to the new conditions in the economic field were not really felt even in the period immediately after the formation of the new state. The problems that began to appear in the running of the economy were mostly attributed to the transition from wartime conditions to peace, or to faults in the work of the bureaucracy. The post-war economic crisis brought a reversal of this view. The Slovak political representatives strove to use not only parliamentary, but also other means to pursue their demands. On the initiative of Slovak political circles, the activity of chambers of commerce and industry was revived, and the Central Association of Slovak Industry and various other institutions were established. However, their legal powers were limited, and so their activities were more or less limited to solving the current operational problems.

8

Kamarádi, astracháni a paďouři. Reprezentace trampingu v časopise Tramp

75%

Smlsal J.

Studia Ethnologica Pragensia

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2017

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issue 2

79-133

EN

The text deals with collective representations of Czech tramping movement with focus on its leftist fraction and their journal Tramp, published between years 1929 and 1931 when the movement faced both inner split and increasing state repression. The text is based on discoursive analyses of this journal by means of investigating basic concepts of tramps of the period which aim to scrutiny the world of meaning and self–identification of tramps as well as reasons of their radicalization.

9

Strašidelní „zlí páni“ optikou lidových pověstí

75%

Chalupová H.

Historie – Otázky – Problémy (History, Issues, Problems)

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2017

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vol. 9

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issue 1

185-193

EN

The paper examines some real personalities in the Early Modern-Age Czech history who appear in legends as revenants (Jiří Tunkl of Brníčko and Zábřeh, Zdeněk senior Kavka Říčanský of Říčany, Rudolf Karel Rašín of Rýzmburk). The paper presents, interprets and evaluates selected legends about these protagonists, describes their common stereotypes and the specificities they characterise, and outlines the legends’ genesis.

10

O hrozném a velikém suchu, zadržení dešťů a odtud následujícím nedostatku vody (K 400. výročí velké přírodní katastrofy v českých zemích a ve střední Evropě)

75%

Munzar J., Ondráček S.

Historická geografie (Historical Geography)

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2016

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vol. 42

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issue 2

209-220

EN

The Czech Republic and Central Europe have been recently suffering from frequent floods. However, drought as an opposite hydrometeorological extreme may be equally threatening great natural disaster. The Czech Republic has been experiencing an extremely severe spell of drought in these years. It started already in the autumn of 2014 and significantly deepened during the year 2015. The study of historical and contemporary sources mentioning drought periods in the past indicate there were four cases of this climatic extreme between the 16th and 18th centuries, in the years 1540, 1590, 1616 and 1790. In those years, the natural disaster afflicted the whole region of Czech Lands as well as some other countries of Central Europe. This year 2016 will see the 400th anniversary of disastrous drought period occurring in 1616.

11

Bytová krize v českých zemích v letech 1918−1948 a sociální práce jako jeden z nástrojů jejího řešení

75%

Špiláčková M.

Historica: revue pro historii a příbuzné vědy (Historica: Review in history and related sciences)

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2016

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vol. 7

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issue 1

53-79

EN

The aim of this text is to reflect the housing crisis in the Czech lands in the years 1918–1948 on the background of the work of social workers. Given the interdisciplinary nature of the subject matter, social workers were also engaged in the issue of housing. While administering housing care, social workers employed professional methods, which were applied during the analysed period. These methods reflected the needs of the residents while efficiently integrating professional knowledge and skills gained over the course of social work education. Both housing policy and the related housing care underwent intensive development. This paper focuses on the changes in the area of housing policy in the said period while considering the continuous development of social work, as well as social work methods, courses offered to social workers, and the presentation of their work in professional journals published at the time.

12

Sto let Českobratrské církve evangelické a Církve československé (husitské) : náboženské organizace, společenská poptávka a racionalita řízení

75%

Nešpor Z. R., Miller S.

Český časopis historický (The Czech Historical Review)

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2018

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vol. 116

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issue 4

1059-1078

EN

The article analyses organisational development of two main established non-Catholic churches in the Czech Lands, i.e. the Protestant Church of the Czech Brethren (Českobratrská církev evangelická) and the Czechoslovak (Hussite) Church (Církev československá /husitská/), since their establishment in 1918 and 1920 to the present. Author shows that particular congregations were established more or less according to public demand in the first decades, but the structure of the churches remained in large degree stable, with just a little reaction to growing secularization and religious differentiation (including spatial) in the second half of the 20th and early 21st centuries. The path dependency was even deeper in case of higher organization entities, Protestant seniorates and Hussite dioceses, that hardly respond to regional differences in religiosity. The two “modern” denominations starting with distinct flexibility in comparison with the Roman Catholic Church (mostly at expenses of the very church), have become quite conservative in their organisations in few decades, and as such they are not able to compete with smaller, nonconformist denominations nowadays.

13

MUDr. Gustav Rösler a Neudeutscher Kulturbund in Österreich : "Pionýři" rasové hygieny v českých zemích

75%

Balcarová J.

Historica: revue pro historii a příbuzné vědy (Historica: Review in history and related sciences)

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2016

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vol. 7

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issue 2

142-155

EN

This contribution focuses on the German physician Gustav Rösler, a pioneer of the thennew science of eugenics, and advocate of the movement for life reform (Lebensreform) in the Bohemian Lands in early 20th century. At this time, interest in social phenomena which were linked to industrialisation and had a negative impact on human health contributed to the creation of organisations and institutions designed to counter these phenomena. At a time when the German national movement was rapidly growing, Gustav Rösler designed a ‘programme of improvement of German fitness’. Its aim was to cultivate mental and physical fitness of the German population, especially the youth. Its institutional foundation was the Liberec-based Neudeutscher Kulturbund in Österreich and the publishing house Neudeutscher Kulturverlag.

14

Heinrich Eduard Herz (1785–1849) Geschichte eines jüdischen Zuckerfabrikanten

75%

Tvrdá K.

Moderní dějiny: sborník k dějinám 19. a 20. století (Modern History: Studies into 19th and 20th century history)

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2017

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vol. 25

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issue 1

1-40

EN

Heinrich Eduard Herz (1785–1849) was once recognized as one of the most successful Jewish merchants in Prague. Conclusions are made on the basis of research of archival sources in the Czech Republic and in Vienna, Austria, and of related literature. The article deals not only with a personal biography of Herz and details from his private life, but also with his professional career, his public activities and the philanthropic legacy of his whole family. Short summaries of blood-related merchant and 19th Century Prague noble families are also a part of this thesis.

15

Translations of Historical Writings Composed and Read in the Czech Lands up to the Hussite Revolution and Their Audience

75%

Bláhová M.

Prague Papers on the History of International Relations

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2018

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issue 1

42-57

EN

As with most of the Latin cultural circle countries, the oldest written texts, including the historical writings, in the Czech Lands were written in Latin. In Bohemia, the first translations of texts on historical topics into vernacular languages appear in the second half of the 13th century. It begins with loose adaptations of “common historical” topics, such as the life of Alexander the Great, in German and from the end of the 13th century also in Czech. In the first half of the 14th century we can find real translations of historical texts, not from Latin into vernacular language, but on the contrary from Czech into Latin and into German (Chronicle of so called Dalimil). Following are the German chronicles in verse, already translated from Latin. While the Latin translation was probably meant for a highlevel laic, the German texts were written for the German monks living in the Bohemia, and perhaps for the Prague patricians. Further translations of historical texts were being written from the second half of the 14th century. Those are the translations of the official historical works from the Charles IV era into Czech, later also into German for the citizens of “incorporated lands of the Bohemian Crown”. At the end of the 14th and at the beginning of the 15th century, even the “common” texts of Latin culture were translated into Czech, such as Peter Comestorʼs Historia scholastica, Martin of Opavaʼs Chronicon pontificum et imperatorum or the German chronicle of Jacob Twinger of Königshofen. However, the readers were much more interested in pseudo-historical light literature. The translators were among the clergymen, but also laymen, and the translated texts were primarily meant for laic readers. In the 15th century, the Czech history was being translated also outside the Czech borders, mainly in Bavaria.

16

Krátkodobá migrace z českých zemí do Latinské Ameriky v 1. polovině 20. století : případová studie provázaných dějin

75%

Křížová M.

Český časopis historický (The Czech Historical Review)

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2019

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vol. 117

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issue 3

586-612

EN

The present text deals with the phenomenon of short-term mobility from the Czech Lands to Latin America in the first half of the twentieth century, within the frame of the methodological approaches of entangled history and study of cultural transfers. Reflected are specific life histories, but also the general mechanisms of cultural and economic interchange as well as the perceptions, by the migrants themselves, of their place in the world, their “home” and their identity, on the basis of such sources as memoirs, letters and official reports, but also oral histories and family histories. The comings and goings of labor migrants left profound marks upon culture of the sending as well as receiving societies, and of the Atlantic region (in the broadest sense) in general.

17

Vlkodlakův rov. Rozprava kulturněhistoricko-etnologicko-archeologická

75%

Historie – Otázky – Problémy (History, Issues, Problems)

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2019

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vol. 11

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issue 1

135-145

EN

At the forefront of the author’s reasoning is the occurrence of two phenomena: The burial of a revenant as material culture of an existing grave and as a performative phenomenon within the framework of legends and myths. But, at the heart of the debate is the grave of an alleged werewolf, a remarkable monument, which, by a happy coincidence, was found in the somewhat specific region of today’s Latvia. Since there was no archaeological survey, we do not know whether the so-called antivampire interventions were applied to the deceased. The external form, that is a pile of stones which will prevent the vampire from coming out, recall the tomb of a vampire, at least according to the measures known from the legends of the 18th–20th century, but it attaches to it a longer-term werewolf tradition. Some of the positive connotations associated in the region of Latvia with werewolves could explain the grave in Mazirbe as a monument that has been preserved in the present times. Here, too, there is a remarkable ambivalence. Seen through the prism of the ancient legends, a werewolf is a dangerous creature; however, in the case of Mazirbe, it was a person considered universally to be popular and respected. Since the pastor’s tomb is also located within the space of the sanctified burial site of the cemetery, the potentially unclean deceased is excluded from the community of upright people, Christians, which contrasts sharply with the case of Peter Stumpp, whose person was dishonoured and his physical substance was destroyed.

18

The Mnemopoetics of Czech Traditional Ballads

75%

Skovajsa O.

Studia Ethnologica Pragensia

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2023

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issue 1

209-225

EN

This study aims to introduce the Czech traditional ballad to the international reader from the perspective of mnemopoetics, i.e., inherent textual patterns of orally transmitted compositions that support the singers’ memory. It discussesCzech traditional balladry’s distinctive features and important mnemopoetic textual patterns— such as first line, genre, repetition and incremental repetition, assonance/rhyme scheme, law of three, strophe patterning, and parallelism — which are illustrated in these ballads. Special focus is paid to the supra-narrative function of formulas, especially connected to green and black epithet formulas, using the analytical framework of Flemming J. Andersen’s Commonplace and Creativity: The Role of Formulaic Diction in Anglo-Scottish Traditional Balladry (Odense: Odense University Press, 1985). The study forms a conclusion that mnemopoetics of Czech ballads exist but are less prominent than in Czech traditional lyric songs, and discusses the role of Czech traditional ballads in the formation of Czech cultural memory

19

Renesanční epitaf v průsečíku historických disciplín a jeho vypovídací možnosti

75%

Jakubec O.

Český časopis historický (The Czech Historical Review)

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2013

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vol. 111

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issue 1

66-100

EN

Despite a number of particular studies, the Renaissance epitaph remains a largely undervalued source. Art historians study it solely as a “work of art,” while historians tend to use it as a source of purely factual data (heraldic, epigraphic, genealogical, prosopographic etc.). However, from the wider, cultural-historical or historicalanthropological perspective, it is necessary for both disciplines to realize the specific value of the epitaph as a sepulchral monument, the goal of which was to construct the identity of the “social body” of the deceased. The specific conceptual character of the epitaph thus offers a possibility to study it as a complex medium (source) reflecting cultural codes of dying, death, remembering and salvation (which is especially interesting in the context of Europe divided by different denominations), but also as a pure phenomenon that took part in forming the death discourse of the period.

20

Národní jazyky v české knižní produkci druhé poloviny 18. století

63%

Bláha O.

Historie – Otázky – Problémy (History, Issues, Problems)

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2017

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vol. 9

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issue 1

66-75

EN

The study considers the ratio between books written in one of the national languages (German, Czech), books written in Latin in the total book production of Bohemia, Moravia and Austrian Silesiain 1751, 1761, 1771, 1781, and 1791. Data obtained by excerpting the catalogues of the National Library of Prague and the Scientific Library in Olomouc are used to outline the changing language situation in the Czech Lands. The author indicates that Czech as a language for more demanding communication (both written and printed) only faced a real threat at the end of the 18th century, when German occupied positions previously occupied by Latin, while the imports of German-languageliterature from the countries beyond the borders of Bohemia, Moravia and Austrian Silesia were rising. Furthermore, the author draws attention to the importance of Czech-language books in the output of Slovak and Hungarian printers for the creation of a language consciousness in the Czech Lands.

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Vznik a počáteční vývoj rekreačních vilových a vilochatových kolonií v pražském okolí ve druhé polovině 19. a prvé polovině 20. století. Pokus o inventuru

Postavení českých učitelek a jeho proměna po 28. říjnu 1918. "Jest to práce nejnevděčnější a nejbídněji placená."

Farář jako člen venkovské elity? K otázce postavení katolického kléru ve venkovské společnosti českých zemí v 17. a 18. století

Založení vojenského výcvikového prostoru SS Benešov (1939–1942)

Berní zatížení českého venkova v první polovině 19. století a úskalí jeho studia

Nábožensko-filozofické kořeny sociálního myšlení a jeho přijetí v české společnosti

FORMOVANIE ČESKOSLOVENSKEJ EKONOMIKY (1918 – 1920)

Kamarádi, astracháni a paďouři. Reprezentace trampingu v časopise Tramp

Strašidelní „zlí páni“ optikou lidových pověstí

O hrozném a velikém suchu, zadržení dešťů a odtud následujícím nedostatku vody (K 400. výročí velké přírodní katastrofy v českých zemích a ve střední Evropě)

Bytová krize v českých zemích v letech 1918−1948 a sociální práce jako jeden z nástrojů jejího řešení

Sto let Českobratrské církve evangelické a Církve československé (husitské) : náboženské organizace, společenská poptávka a racionalita řízení

MUDr. Gustav Rösler a Neudeutscher Kulturbund in Österreich : "Pionýři" rasové hygieny v českých zemích

Heinrich Eduard Herz (1785–1849) Geschichte eines jüdischen Zuckerfabrikanten

Translations of Historical Writings Composed and Read in the Czech Lands up to the Hussite Revolution and Their Audience

Krátkodobá migrace z českých zemí do Latinské Ameriky v 1. polovině 20. století : případová studie provázaných dějin

Vlkodlakův rov. Rozprava kulturněhistoricko-etnologicko-archeologická

The Mnemopoetics of Czech Traditional Ballads

Renesanční epitaf v průsečíku historických disciplín a jeho vypovídací možnosti

Národní jazyky v české knižní produkci druhé poloviny 18. století