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Ontologia fundamentalna Martina Heideggera – rzeczywistość zamknięta w Dasein. Próba interpretacji

100%
Warzyński S.
Filo-Sofija
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2012
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vol. 12
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issue 3(18)
185-201
EN
Martin Heidegger’s fundamental ontology was supposed to divert philosophy towards the absolutely fundamental issue, which in the history of philosophy, unfortunately, as the author claimed, had been neglected. It was an attempt to designate the real foundation, which western metaphysics – while forgetting about being – had never touched. Thus, Heidegger focused on being. He asked about its sense, the way in which it can be described and explained. The answer was to be found in the analysis of some special being – the human being. Only man, who exists in such a way (Heidegger uses the concept of Dasein) that by his very nature refers to being, is “open” to being. This article shows Heidegger’s explanation based on the analysis of man’s being, connecting the existence of reality with human existence, in its essence making the world thoroughly dependent on man, enclosing the world in Dasein. The world ceases to be the whole reality consisting of particular essences existing independently of man. It becomes “the condition”, the way of being. In the first part, the author presents how the fundamental ontology, while placing being at the centre of the discourse and using the phenomenological method, directs the attention to man. When asking about being, it asks about Dasein, about the way of man’s being. Then, the paper presents the existential analytics, the hermeneutics of Dasein, which is crucial from the point of view of Heidegger’s philosophy. The author explains what Heidegger’s existentials are and what it means that man exists as “being-in-the world”, that he exists in a way of “care”. Finally, it is shown that such an understanding of human being, the way in which he cares about the world and understands the world, i.e. designs it, results in enclosing the world in Dasein. The very sense of reality becomes thus the sense of human existence.
2
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Milczenie Heideggera. Uwagi na marginesie fragmentów Bycia i czasu

100%
Możdżeń A.
Filo-Sofija
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2007
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vol. 7
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issue 7
163-172
EN
Being and Time was a fundamental work by Martin Heidegger in which we can find a notion of the silence connected with an issue of the speech. The philosopher does not see the speech as a tool of articulation that is present in a common sensual meaning of this word. He accentuates that the speech rather owns us than we use it. Connected with the speech projecting understanding allows Dasein to open the possibilities by a decision. A call of conscience is very important to Dasein wanting to understand itself. It’s impossible to response to the call of conscience in a loudly jabber of das Man in which no one is guilty. Only when Dasein is determined by decision it opens itself to possibility of being guilty. That decision is a silent answer to the voice of conscience. In late works Heidegger wrote about a field path and has used a metaphor of the quiet which is not drowned by the jabber of das Man and in which it is happening the Seiende.
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Analiza fenomenu nudy i jej związku z temporalnością Dasein w filozofii Martina Heideggera

100%
Gmuzdek W.
Kwartalnik Filozoficzny
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2017
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vol. 45
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issue 2
77-94
EN
In this paper we reconstruct Heidegger’s approach to the problem of boredom. Based on his lectures entitled The Concept of Time, we conclude that boredom is the result of an improper understanding of time – understanding it in physical categories, where it is a measurable and ever-draining “container”. We then reverse the direction of our inquiry and look into the meticulous analysis of boredom in The Fundamental Concepts of Metaphysics. By specifying three kinds of boredom and its two structural moments – being held in limbo and emptying – we try to get closer to properly understanding the temporality of Dasein.
4

Forgetting in Being and Time

100%
Jaworski K.
Przegląd Filozoficzny. Nowa Seria
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2004
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vol. 13
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issue 1(49)
53-60
EN
In Martin Heidegger's philosophy human life is not defined essentially, on the contrary it is contingent. This means that it does not count among numerous existing entities, but is Dasein, ie. a searching and undetermined form of being. As such it is limited in time and space, and it strives towards something beyond its current condition. Although Dasein perceives itself mainly by remembrance of its past, it also permanently transcends itself. Thereby it loses its past. Forgetting about oneself is the form of life characteristic for Dasein. It is also characteristic for Dasein to realise that it is mortal, and that by reaching out to the future it reaches out to death. It its elusiveness and incessant anticipation Dasein confronts its own non-existence in at least two ways. Forgetting obliterates its past identity, anticipation brings it to ultimate termination. The author surmises that this double confrontation with non-existence can breed a sense of ecstasy.
5

Zagadnienie kultury w filozofii Martina Heideggera: grecka fysis a kultura współczesna

88%
Matkowski T.
Prace Kulturoznawcze
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2011
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vol. 12
109-126
EN
Martin Heidegger understood colere as “proper dwelling” and “cultivation,” referring thus to the original Greek meaning of the term. For the author of Sein und Zeit, colere and cultura were essentially identical with the notions of fysis and ethos signifying, respectively, “being of reality” and a “place” in this reality. Thus, human beings are cultural, if they dwell properly in the world, at the same time allowing the world to freely be in its own truth. In this way pre-Socratic Greeks werein-the-world; in this way, too, human beings can exist after jumping into “other beginning,” i.e. after making the effort of “curtailing” the history of metaphysics and replacing culture with cultura. Modern culture — and “cultural” man with it — are for Heidegger the final stage of metaphysics, characterised by total mechanisation and objectification of reality, the ontological principle of which is the will of power.
6
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Geneza, struktura i dynamika Seinsfrage

88%
Sobota D.
Filo-Sofija
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2010
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vol. 10
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issue 2(11)
41-71
EN
The main purpose of this article is to present the genesis, structure and dynamics of the most important thought of Martin Heidegger’s philosophy (the question of Being). Since the very beginning of Heidegger’s logical research he was interested in these forms of utterance, which previously had been acknowledged as of marginal significance in discovering the truth and the structure of science. The question of Being is phenomenological unity which has replaced traditional assigning of being and proposition. From this perspective all of the traditional logical and ontological problematic changes itself radically. By considering the question Heidegger revealed the ontological difference and the place of revelation which is a common people’s being (the everyday life).
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