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Ideologie národní nezávislosti Uzbekistánu

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Horák S.
Slovanský přehled: historická revue pro dějiny střední, východní a jihovýchodní Evropy (Slavonic Review: Review for Central, Eastern and Southeastern European history)
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2012
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vol. 98
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issue 1-2
81-96
EN
The article examines the formation and development of national ideologies of newly established authoritarian regimes in case of Uzbekistan. The country represents a fine transformation case from one authoritarian and totalitarian regime to another with the inertia of social, political and also ideological way of thinking (including the creators of the ideology). As a result, the character of propaganda could not differ very much from the Marxism-Leninism. The former idols were mostly replaced by the new main theorist and scholar – president Karimov.The analysis focused on the three highlights of “The Ideology of National Independence” – political system, Islam and economy. The development of the political system is showed in two main phases – the strengthening the state using the arguments of former opposition from the perestroika period (nationalism, Panturkism and liberalism in particular) and later conservation of the system in order to maintain the regime. Growing political Islam, especially in its radical forms, forced the new system to propagate the moderate “traditional” forms of religion. Finally, the economy explains the way to the “bright future” (kelajagi büyük devlet).The new Uzbek ideology represents a typical example of state- and nation-building in authoritarian forms with strong leader, albeit without open personality cult. At the same time, the stagnation of the ideology after the first active decade of state- and nation-building leads to the reinterpretation and dogmatization of once established system. The political and ideological system seems to be firmly rooted inside the political elite and society and we can expect its continuity even after the leaving of current president.
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