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1

STUDIES IN THE FIELD OF HISTORICAL DEMOGRAPHY AT THE UNIVERSITY IN ZIELONA GORA IN 1998-2004

100%
Jaworski T.
Historická demografie (Historical Demography)
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2004
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vol. 28
5-13
EN
The Institute of History at the University in Zielona Góra systematically focuses on research on settlement changes and population development in the Western border region of contemporary Poland, which in the past was settled first by Slavic and later by German populations. This article provides information on the most important studies that represent sources of information on the history of settlement, ethnic structure, and demographic development in this region, dating back to the end of the 18th century, but emphasising more recent work, which mainly targets the Polish parts of Lusatia and Lubusz.
2
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K některým rysům demografického vývoje v České republice v závěru 20. století

100%
Fialova L.
Gender, rovné příležitosti, výzkum (Gender, Equal Opportunities, Research)
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2005
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vol. 6
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issue 1
10-14
EN
The paper examines the demographic situation in contemporary Czech society and its roots in the past. In the late 20th century there are two key development trends. Demographic model originated in 1950s (characterised by high fertility rates, high marriage rates (95%), high divorce rates (40%), low marriage age and so on) was left after the decline of socialism and the revival of original interwar model has occured since early 1990s. The second trend is approximating to the model of reproduction usual in Western Europe. This new ways of reproduction are characterised by postponing the marriage and parenthood, so called informal partnerships or unmarried (consensual) couples are becoming more frequent which also results in a growing number of birth of extra-marital children. The increase of divorce rates occurs and hence both number of incomplete families and of households including just one individual constantly grow. The improved medical care and healthier regime have led to longer life expectancies over the last fifteen years. The infant mortality figures has further improved. The authoress concludes that population development significantly influences current economic, health, legal, environmental and political conditions which create together a social environment where the demographic development occurs. (http://www.genderonline.cz/view.php?cisloclanku=2005120402)
3

TRENDY A SMEROVANIE POPULAČNEJ POLITIKY NA SLOVENSKU V ROKOCH 1918 – 1945

80%
Tišliar P., Šprocha B., Škorvanková E.
Historický časopis (Historical Journal)
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2019
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vol. 67
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issue 1
83 - 101
EN
The paper is concerned with the main changes of direction in population policy in Slovakia in the period 1918–1945. Gradual appearance and deepening of changes in reproductive behaviour in the framework of the demographic revolution was characteristic of this period. The number of births decreased and so did infant mortality. On the other hand, limited possibilities for application outside the primary sector forced many people of productive age to seek employment abroad. The population policy of inter-war Czechoslovakia was contradictory and unsystematic. On the one hand, it strove to raise the birth rate, especially in relation to the very low fertility in the western parts of the state, but on the other it promoted migration to solve the problem of unemployment. After break up of Czechoslovakia and the formation of the Slovak state, various measures were introduced with the aim of increasing the population. However, these were not intended for the Jewish and Roma populations. They were subjected to racial persecution by law.
4
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THEORETICAL AND METODOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF POPULATION POLICY AND ITS CONCEPTION FOR THE SLOVAK REPUBLIC

80%
Bleha B., Vano B.
Sociológia (Sociology)
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2007
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vol. 39
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issue 1
62-80
EN
The article deals with theory, methodology as well as the international and Slovak experiences with population policy. The main aim is to distinguish between the population policy and other policies, especially the family, social and migration ones. The article reviews several definitions and models of the population policy, focusing on the differences between its wide and narrow conceptions and their country-specific applications. The authors analyse the population policy in Slovakia, which could had been launched in Slovakia only after 1989 and critically assess the debates on its success and efficiency. They explore the constitutive components of successful population policy such as its founding value principles, including humanism, cultural and societal integrity, social equity, tolerance, freedom, responsibility, and inter and the intragenerational solidarity. The authors compare the legislative, social, economic, educational and medical tools and the measures of the social policy and conclude that the issues of migration, housing, equality of the opportunities and consistency between the work and family duties shall be included into the conception of the population policy in Slovakia.
5

OBEC RUSKÁ KAJŇA A PRVÁ SVETOVÁ VOJNA

61%
Burda M.
Vojenská história
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2020
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vol. 24
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issue 1
52 - 87
EN
In the Slovak military historiography focusing on the years from 1914 to 1918, we can only find a few papers dealing with the specifically oriented research focusing on the participation of men of the Austro-Hungarian Army from a particular municipality in the territory of contemporary Slovakia and the military operations in the particular locality. On the example of the municipality of Ruská Kajňa in the today’s district of Humenné, this study monitors the participation of men from this municipality on the battlefields of the World War, analyses the combat activity of the Austro-Hungarian and Russian Army at the turn of 1914 and 1915 and also offers a brief view of the demographic development of the municipality until the end of the World War, surely influencing the development of Ruská Kajňa in Czechoslovakia after 1918. In spite of the fact that Ruská Kajňa was not a significant economic, military, cultural-social, political or religious centre of the river Oľka valley in the Zemplín County, it was in this municipality’s surrounding where the strategic combat operations regarding an important crossroad in the direction of Medzilaborce and Stropkov took place, with the local residents having to suffer all the oppressions of the Austro-Hungarian and Russian Army in their homes directly. After the frontline moved off back behind the Carpathian Passes, it was necessary to reconstruct the damaged homes and farm buildings, which was very challenging since the men from Ruská Kajňa were recruited to the Austro-Hungarian Army, fulfilling their military duty on the Eastern and Italian front.
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