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This paper examines the history of the production of bryndza, a sheep milk product considered traditional to and symbolic of Slovakia. Bryndza is a kneaded, salted and preserved sheep cheese is the product of Carpathian sheep breeding and its specific lifestyle associated with the Wallach colonization of Slovakia. Geographical conditions favourable to sheep breeding across most of Slovakia and native adaptations of sheep cheese for better marketability gave rise to this specifically Slovak product and made it the chief export of local sheep breeding. This was significantly aided by dedicated bryndza manufactures the first of which was founded in 1787 by Ján Vagač in Detva. This paper examines its founding and traces its history all to way to its nationalization and dissolution.
EN
The aim of this article is to present results of the rescue excavations carried out in spring 2016 at the site of Lúčna district in Detva, where settlement from the end of the Bronze Age had been discovered. The article presents finds discovered during the removal of the topsoil and monitoring of excavated foundations of a detached house at building plot no. 7381/27 in the residential area of Detva. In the corner of the building plot with area of approx. 10 m2, a rich cultural layer and ground plan of a quadratic structure with an oven in the interior were uncovered. Dating of the settlement to the Late Bronze Age is enabled by fragments of various smaller and bigger mostly thick-walled vessels and pottery with high-quality black burnished surface including slanted as well as vertical flutings. It is a newly discovered settlement corresponding with the known prehistoric hillfort of Detva-Kalamárka, which is approx. 5 km north of the studied site.
EN
The aim of this paper is to explain, categorise and assess the image of the phenomenon of the Detva region and its population in the Slovak literary discourse in the 2nd half of the long 19th century. The image which began in Sládkovič’s romantic poem Detvan created the canon of Detva and its population. These strongly positive characteristics gradually found a reflection in other literary works, travel guides, publications and even encyclopaedia. The man from Detva and his country became the prototype of an ideal Slovak not only in Slovak literature, but were positively pictured by Czech authors, lovers and admirers of Slovaks, as well. The image of an ideal Slovak, identified with the national heroes Jánošík or Martin Hudcovie, fundamentally changed at the end of the 19th century. This change was due to the Hungarian expert and political discourse, which considered the glorifying Slovak literary works and their heroes an unwanted element. The “man from Detva” thus became a dangerous criminal living in hardly accessible mountainous areas, where he avoided his duties against the State and society. The transformation of the image of a Slovak population group reflects the developments in the views by different groups of authors of the same topic that has become an up-to-date ethno-identification phenomenon thanks to increased interest.
EN
This paper analyses the history of sheep raising in Slovakia and especially in the city of Detva and the surrounding region (Podpoľanie). The so-called Wallachian colonization in the 14th century introduced a new type of sheep raising centred around the salaš, an isolated farm unit, practiced predominantly in mountainous regions and focused on milk production. This change had a profound effect not only on the population‘s food production, but also on a number of aspects of the traditional culture (dress, household production, folklore, customs etc.) in most of the territory of present-day Slovakia. Indeed the elements of the imported salaš culture, adapted to local conditions and developed in idiosyncratic ways, have become some of the major ethnic identifiers of the Slovak people. In Detva, sheep raising has always been closely tied to the traditional way of life. The - for this region typical - predominance of isolated farms came about as an extension of the Wallachian salaš culture. The focus on sheep raising motivated by the availability of grazing land created a unique individual form of sheep raising specific for the region of Podpoľanie.
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