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EN
The paper concerns Martin Buber’s idea of God as “eternal Thou”. This concept is typical of the dialogical phase of his philosophy. His inspiration came from religion (judaism and christianity). First of all, for Buber, God is a mystery. The main purpose of man was the entrance into the existential relationship with the revealing God, who was described as “eternal Thou”, “absolute Person” and “Ground of being”. A man can dialogue with Him through the different beings. Buber’s ideas are very close to panentheism. In Buber’s work we have the problem of the “becoming” God. The solution of this question is not on the ontological level but on the moral one – God “becomes” through the dialogical life of the man in the world.
Filozofia (Philosophy)
|
2023
|
vol. 78
|
issue 7
548 – 563
EN
The paper deals with Martin Buber’s claim that responsibility “is the basic theme of my work in general.” As I show in the opening section of the article, his statement applies to the dialogical period of his work, but not the pre-dialogical. In the mystical phase of Buber’s thought there is no place for responsibility because the very nature of mysticism excludes that possibility. The incompatibility of mysticism and interpersonal responsibility is confirmed in the autobiographical fragment “conversion,” one of the two biographical moments I discuss in relation to the shift in his thinking on responsibility. The second is his relationship with his wife Paula Winkler, which profoundly influenced his thinking about the importance of love and marriage for an understanding of responsibility. I then explore his view of responsibility as a doctrine, which developed along with his dialogical philosophy. Finally, I examine his critical views on four basic ways of avoiding responsibility, which highlight the close connection between freedom and responsibility: belief in fate, individualism, collectivism, and religious acosmism.
EN
Martin Buber is a well-known representative of dialogical philosophy who wrote extensively on the topic of religion. He developed his own philosophy of religion and engaged in polemics with other philosophers of religion on the importance of dialogical elements in this field of study. In this paper I examine his complex polemic with Søren Kierkegaard which is part of Buber’s larger project of developing dialogical philosophy of religion. Buber’s approach to Kierkegaard is ambivalent: on the one hand he considers Kierkegaard as a precursor to dialogical philosophy. On the other hand he claims that Kierkegaard compromises basic Christian doctrines. Buber adopts dialogical notions elaborated by Kierkegaard and develops them further while rejecting those notions that he deems incompatible with the dialogical approach. The philosophical-religious issue of the individual’s relation to God is at the center of Buber’s polemic.
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