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PRIORITIZATION AND INTERFERENCE OF EMOTIONAL INFORMATION IN BRIEFLY PRESENTED SCENES: SELECTION ADVANTAGE FOR POSITIVE EMOTIONAL SCENES

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Porubanova M., Clarke J., Priefer R., Erol M.
Studia Psychologica
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2020
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vol. 62
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issue 4
335 – 349
EN
Previous studies have repeatedly demonstrated the attentional prioritization of emotional information over neutral information. However, the parsing of interference from negative and positive stimuli has not received the same attention. In the study reported here, we examined the effect of real-world visual scenes of neutral, positive, and negative valence, as well as the effect of both high- and low-arousal (differentially categorized based on their arousal and valence ratings) on scene gist identification. Using a partial-report paradigm, participants were asked to report the gist of a post-cued scene from a briefly-presented array of four scenes. Scene gist identification performance was significantly higher for positive scenes, regardless of arousal, than for negative scenes. All emotional scenes, regardless of valence and arousal, interfered with reporting the gist of neutral scenes. The findings support the hypothesis that emotional scenes more often interfere with processing of neutral scenes and are selectively attended to during briefly-presented scene arrays. Moreover, the results suggest that the identification and the interference of positive, high-arousal scenes are prioritized in visual information processing.
2

INTERFERENCE OF EMOTIONAL INFORMATION IN BRIEFLY PRESENTED SCENE ARRAYS

100%
Porubanova M., Priefer R.
Studia Psychologica
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2019
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vol. 61
|
issue 3
159 – 174
EN
Research has shown that the presentation of emotional information interferes with the processing of neutral information. The present study examined whether one can suppress this interference when being asked to ignore an emotional scene before attention is engaged with a target or if emotional information always engages attention, resulting in attentional capture. We examined participants’ ability to actively inhibit emotional scenes of different valence and arousal when identifying neutral scenes. In three experiments, a 4-scene array was presented for 250 ms while one emotional scene was present in the display. The scene was either to be ignored or freely available in the array. The results show that the interference from emotional scenes is a pervasive phenomenon, suggesting an involuntary attentional capture by emotional scenes. Moreover, despite the vast literature on the evolutionary advantage of preferential processing of negative information, we show a potent attentional bias toward positive information.
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