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1

WORKING MEMORY AND DISTRACTION: THE EFFICACY OF INFORMATION UPDATING

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Paulewicz B., Soltysinska I., Blaut A.
Psychological Studies
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2005
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vol. 43
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issue 1
91-96
EN
Updating can be considered as a basic control process responsible for efficient use of working memory (WM) capacity. It provides dynamic control of the contents of WM. For instance, it is suggested that updating controls the meaning of the information and its relevance to the ongoing task/activity. If so, it is plausible to hypothesize that updating requires both attentional and memory processes. Therefore, updating is characterized as coordinated control of the contents of meta-record (record of the task relevant meaning of remembered pieces of information) and direct record (record of items themselves) in WM. The distinction between contents of these two classes of representation may help to understand and account for ambiguous effects of load in WM tasks. Conducted experiment aims at testing the following broad hypotheses: (1) Updating requires attentional processes and (2) Updating requires interaction of attentional and memory processes. The authors used a complex memory task (MATTE) with auditory noise as a additional factor. They argue that attentional selection is far more important for effective updating than availability of resources or small (few elements) changes in memory load.
2

THE INFLUENCE OF DIFFERENT TYPE OF DISTRACTION ON WORKING MEMORY FUNCTIONING

100%
Pleszczynska I., Stettner Z., Szymura B.
Psychological Studies
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2005
|
vol. 43
|
issue 1
75-83
EN
The main aim of presented study was to investigate the influence of distraction on working memory functioning (mainly articulatory loop). It was expected that the results of the experiment would allow us to resolve between two competing models of articulatory loop ('storage' model and 'tape' model). Working memory search task based on Sternberg paradigm was used. Subjects were asked to memorize sets of three-letter words or trigrams that did not have any meaning. In the experimental conditions distractor (either a song or a melody) was introduced. Distraction was effective only in the most difficult conditions of the memory task. There were no differences between two kinds of distraction. Results suggest that both 'storage' and 'tape' models of articulatory loop could be hold, depending on type of material to be memorized.
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