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EN
Currently, according to the law, medicinal activity in Poland may lead only medicinal entity and professional practice. Professional practice may establish the doctors and nurses. The doctors may conduct medical practice (doctor's office) an individual or group. The aim of the article is to introduce regulations on medical practices in the light of the new Act on medicinal activity of 2011.
EN
Medical professionals are an occupational group at a particularly high risk for job burnout. The aim of the study was to determine relationships between humor styles and psychosocial working conditions on the one hand and occupational burnout in the medical profession on the other. Participants in the study were 82 professionally active doctors, interviewed and examined using questionnaire methods: the Maslach Burnout Inventory, Humor Styles Questionnaire, and the Psychosocial Working Conditions instrument. The results show that occupational burnout is a serious problem among medical doctors, even those with a short work history. Difficult psychosocial working conditions enhance the occupational burnout symptoms. Moreover, higher severity of burnout symptoms correlates with lower support from superiors and with less frequent utilization of adaptive humor styles: self-enhancing and affiliative. Therefore, it is worthwhile to develop programs of burnout prevention for medical professionals, with an emphasis on social skills training, and to enlarge such resources as support at workplace and humor utilization skills.
EN
The Order did not tolerate the presence of Jews in its territory (except for small groups of Jews in Neumark (New March) towns). In exceptional cases the Knights accepted temporary presence of doctors of Jewish origin in Prussia. The medic Meyen, from Poznań, was the first to appear inside the Order’s state. His first presence in Prussia in 1446 should not be associated with his profession, he was merely crossing Prussia en route to Pomerania. However, his subsequent visits were likely connected with the performance of medical practices. Jakub was another Jewish doctor who visited the Teutonic Knights’ state. He stayed in Prussia in 1454 as a diplomat, representing Polish starosta Mikołaj Szarlejcki in secret negotiations with Grand Master Ludwig von Erlichshausen. We should also mention Tham von Hochberg. There is no certainty with regard to his Jewish roots. Little do we know about the time he spent in Prussian lands. It has only been confirmed that he stayed in Toruń, travelled to Gdańsk and also sought the position of court doctor to the Grand Master in Königsberg.
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