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Snový svět idejí a syrovost skutečnosti: městská historiografie raného novověku jako utopie?

100%
Miller J.
Český časopis historický (The Czech Historical Review)
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2008
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vol. 106
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issue 2
261-287
EN
This study advocates the thesis in a broadly understood genre of Early Modern Age urban historiography that there was inherently present, alongside the positive realistic level of communication, a normative utopian level, which mediated a vision of the ideal urban republic. The author supports this thesis through textual analysis and the comparison of urban historiographic texts with contemporary utopian works. The study further establishes that the image of the perfect mediaeval and Early Modern Urban Community, characterized by shared values and opinions, harmony, unity and order, had been influenced by Plato and Aristotle's deliberations on an ideal political and social order.
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Filozofia moralna w Polsce i jej lingwistyczne podstawy w świetle debat humanistów i scholastyków

100%
Szabelska H.
Terminus
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2010
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vol. 12
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issue 2(23)
94-122
EN
This essay investigates the correlation between ethical concepts and linguistic theories as represented by mainly Polish scholastics and humanists during the Early Modern Age. The point of departure is criticism of the secondary literature and discussion of typical problems faced by researchers of this period, e.g. a lack of modern editions and the influential biased approach of previous studies of a Kantian bent. It has been argued that linguistic surface structures (in particular differences between a rigid scholastic style and an elegant humanist one) are not a reliable criterion to ascertain the correlation in question. Therefore some texts have been analysed in terms of semantic deep structures as reconstructed by L.M. de Rijk and J. Magee. By way of a conclusion, epistemological implications of radical bilingualism being a model example of humanist dynamic semantic structures are compared to a theory of pluralism developed by M. Lynch.
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Formování správy raně novověkých měst pražských jako „demokratizační“ proces?

100%
Fejtová O.
Český časopis historický (The Czech Historical Review)
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2010
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vol. 108
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issue 4
615-636
EN
This contribution observes changes in the participation of the individual classes of bourgeois society in town administration and the formation of its independent policy towards the sovereign and other groups of Estates’ society in the period between the Hussite Revolution and the defeat of the Estates’ Rebellion in 1620, against the backdrop of several socio-political crises in Prague (namely in The Old Town and The New Town of Prague). It does not study merely the periods of these crises but it primarily pays attention to the consequent periods of relative stabilization of social conditions. It searches for answers to the question to what degree certain „democratic“ features of the system of functioning of the administration in both towns of Prague were maintained and in which direction they developed. Indeed, they significantly influenced the functioning of the system of municipal administration from the period of the Hussite Revolution onwards. The formation and functioning of the early modern administration of the Boroughs of Prague is viewed in the context of Central European development (respectively, the development of the Holy Roman Empire and Imperial towns) as a process of communication between the three fundamental components of municipal administration, i.e. a municipal community, town elders and a council, at the level of administration, as well as at political, religious and economic levels.
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K formování mensálních statků olomouckého biskupství před Bílou Horou

88%
Al-Saheb J.
Historica: revue pro historii a příbuzné vědy (Historica: Review in history and related sciences)
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2010
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vol. 1
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issue 1
11-22
EN
The contribution deals with process of forming so called mensal domains of Olomouc bishopric in the pre-Bila Hora era (1553-1619).That process did not restrict to the extension of land holding only, by means of adding of new domains as consolidation of individual domains may be observed as well. It was realized by means of swallowing of tiny domains in the immediate vicinity or directly inside large mensal domains. This process was most distinct in the North-east dominium of Hukvaldy which served as an example of consolidation process.
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NÁLEZ VČASNONOVOVEKÝCH KACHLÍC NA ÚZEMÍ ŠINTAVY

88%
Jančiová B.
Studia Historica Nitriensia
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2020
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vol. 24
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issue 2
427 – 445
EN
A huge collection of ceramics finds was discovered by digging a basement on the court of the family house in the village Šintava (district Galanta, Slovakia), in March 2020. For this reason, the Department of Archaeology at Constantine the Philosopher University in Nitra realized archaeological excavation. During the excavation were documented three settlement features, which were secondary filled mostly with the ceramics. Some of them were fragments of stove tiles, especially panel stove tiles with different types of motifs. In this study, the collection of stove tiles are presented and evaluated by iconography, morphology, type-chronological classification, and also an extension on the territory of Slovakia. The finding itself is also evaluated within Šintava past settlement.
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Německá diskuse ke konfesionalizaci v evropském kontextu

88%
Fejtová O.
Český časopis historický (The Czech Historical Review)
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2011
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vol. 109
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issue 4
739-785
EN
This contribution provides a survey of the individual stages in the application of the confessionalisation paradigm in German historiography devoted to the period of the Early Modern Age, in the context of European, and in particular Central European, historical research from the 1980s until the present time. Attention is paid to methodical studies linking the application of the concept of confessionalisation with other paradigms of social and modern cultural history. It also focuses on a number of case studies concerning the application of this concept on the individual regions of the empire and their confrontation with research devoted to other European territories with different confessional profiles. Within the framework of the thematic link of the concept of confessionalisation with modern cultural history, the importance of research devoted to folk religiosity is emphasized. The main thrust of the survey primarily follows the discussion on the possibilities and limits of the concept of confessionalisation, as evident during its application in historical research, to which it responds both at the macro and micro-historical levels.
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Střední Evropa a Španělsko v polovině 17. století. Markéta Tereza Španělská a její španělský hofštát očima soudobých pozorovatelů

75%
Smisek R.
Český časopis historický (The Czech Historical Review)
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2011
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vol. 109
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issue 3
397-431
EN
This study attempts to reconstruct the image of the Spanish Court of Margaret Theresa, the first wife of Leopold I, Holy Roman Emperor, through the eyes of contemporary observers. Preserved primary sources show that their authors did not consider this narrowly defined circle of people as a colourful group of individual personalities but viewed them as stereotypical representatives of the Spanish Kingdom. For this reason, in written testimonies of contemporary observers, including Leopold I himself, there appear several partial images of Margaret Theresa's Spanish Royal Court and figuratively that of the Spaniard, which are based on the characteristic features of persons of Iberian Peninsular origin. On the one hand, the image comes to the foreground of an individual who had at his disposal not inconsiderable financial means, which manifested itself in ostentatious conduct. These means armed him with a requisite self-awareness of his power. In addition to coming from a well heeled background, the true Spaniard had exquisite taste and dressed with restraint and dignity. Another partial image reflects the persons of Hispanic origin who were famous for their intolerance and aggression towards those around them. Their intolerance was closely linked to the non-adaptability and disdain of the Spaniards towards the Central European environment and the lifestyle of the Viennese Court. This was expressed in the use of their native language, customary diet, efforts to change the everyday routine of the Imperial family, as well as regulations concerning court ceremonial and the fact that Margaret Theresa surrounded herself completely by Spanish courtiers. As far as Leopold I. was concerned, the chronic untrustworthiness of individuals from the Iberian Peninsula who had allegedly not hesitated to break their word, played an important role. The spontaneous dislike and distrust of the Emperor towards Spain was further strengthened by the protracted negotiations with the Madrid Court for Margaret Theresa's hand in marriage and the subsequent delays connected to naming the exact date of departure of the second born daughter of Philip IV of Spain to Vienna.
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Atentát na francouzského krále Jindřicha IV. Politická vražda ve věku konfesionalizace

75%
Schindling A.
Český časopis historický (The Czech Historical Review)
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2012
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vol. 110
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issue 2
234-253
EN
On the 14th of May 1610 Henry IV of France was stabbed to death. Henri’s assassin, François Ravaillac, was a man of the people. He was arrested on the spot. Before France’s highest court, the Parliament of Paris, he was subjected to interrogation under torture. The judges tried to get him to name his accomplices and admit to a conspiracy. But Ravaillac insisted, that he had acted entirely on his own – and at God’s express orders. The king had been on the point of inflicting serious damage on the Catholic Church, since he was about to launch a war against the Pope and, to this end, was working with foreign Protestants – moreover, he had been treating heretics in France leniently. Henri’s return to the Catholic fold had been a lie and an act of hypocrisy. In France, people of Ravaillac’s persuasion were not exactly thin on the ground. Styling themselves “good Catholics”, they did not believe in the sincerity of Henri of Navarre’s return to the Church. In 1610 the king was on the verge of launching a new war against the House of Habsburg, having decided to intervene in the disputed succession to the Duchies of Jülich, Cleves and Berg. Determined to forestall a pro-Habsburg outcome, he wanted Düsseldorf, capital of the United Duchies, to be ruled by a Protestant prince as successor to the late Duke of Cleves. This was unacceptable to the Habsburg courts in Madrid, Brussels and Prague. The king was seeking an alliance with the Protestant imperial states (Reichsstände) in Germany, who had united under the leadership of the Palatinate. On account of the close proximity of Jülich and Cleves to the Spanish Netherlands, but also to the Spanish military road leading from Brussels to Milan, the constellation was more than delicate. But owing to Henri’s assassination, the threat of war on the Rhine was unexpectedly defused. The winners were the Habsburgs and the Catholic estates (Reichsstände) in the Holy Roman Empire, the losers the Protestants throughout Europe and in France. Henri’s widow, Marie de’ Medici, now regent, moved swiftly to change the direction of French foreign policy by seeking an understanding with Catholic Spain. For supporters of the party of “good Catholics” at the Paris court and throughout France, this was an outcome they could live with. Thus the regicide Ravaillac died knowing he had achieved his goal of changing French policy. So was he a deluded fanatic or a martyr for the Catholic nature of the monarchy in France? As he met his bloody end, probably he saw himself as being the latter.
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Spor českého duchovenstva o imunity církve. K politickým aktivitám pražského arcibiskupa Jana Bedřicha z Valdštejna

75%
Havlik J. M.
Český časopis historický (The Czech Historical Review)
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2009
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vol. 107
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issue 4
769-796
EN
This study deals with the polemics of the Bohemian ecclesiastical estates with the state apparatus and lay estates in the first half of the 1690s. The positions it adopted at the 1693-1694 Diet are considered to be the pivotal point in the development of the standing of the Bohemian clergy at the Bohemian Land Diet. They ultimately led to the temporary expulsion of clergy from the proceedings. Using sources deposited in local and foreign archives, the author attempts to unveil what the Bohemian clergy really desired and demanded in the 1690s.
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Konfesijní politika šlechtických vrchností a šlechtická konfesionalizace v Čechách a na Moravě v 16. a 17. století

63%
Hrdlicka J.
Český časopis historický (The Czech Historical Review)
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2010
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vol. 108
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issue 3
406-442
EN
This study attempts to observe the influence of the aristocracy on the formation of the confessional state of affairs in Bohemia and Moravia in the 16th and 17th centuries. It primarily focuses on the confessional policy of the nobility as manorial lords who were able to intervene actively and regularly in religious affairs on their estates; indeed, well over fifty per cent of the serfs in both Crown Lands lived on manorial estates. In addition to the authorities who practised religious tolerance towards their serfs (Josef Valka), other noblemen and knights actively upheld either the Reformation or the Counter-Reformation (Catholic confessionalism). In terms of the confessional policy of the manorial nobility, this study attempts to present - as a theme for discussion - the seven opportunities the nobility had at their disposal and could apply when influencing their serfs' religious practices.
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Praha – Vratislav, vzájemné vztahy v období raného novověku

51%
Fejtova O.
Český časopis historický (The Czech Historical Review)
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2008
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vol. 106
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issue 1
54-79
EN
This contribution presents a comparison of the results of research up to present time of Silesian-Czech relations, or the levels of communication between both land metropolises, Prague and Wroclaw, in the Early Modern Age, based on the opportunities for study of archival material in the Wroclaw State Archives and the Municipal Archives of Prague. It throws light upon the structure of preserved archival material which can be used for the given purpose; methods of their evaluation, and the perspectives for future research. In its conclusion there is a foray into several groups of resources from the fields of trade, crafts, religion, and the migration of inhabitants, which confirms the limited contacts between the two cities in the Early Modern Age, also mentioned in literature and Shifts in these contacts only occurred in connection with changes of political development.
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