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Vojenská história
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2021
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vol. 25
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issue 4
119 - 139
EN
The published material provides information about the almost five-month internship of the graduates of the 1st course of the „B“ Department of the commissary officers of the Military College (MC) in Bratislava in the summer of 1942, in particular Infantry Capt. Štefan Žiška, Infantry Capt. Jozef Zajaček and Infantry Capt. Jozef Dvornák in Germany, at military commissary schools, at commissary units and the German Army facilities and commissary bodies of the German Field Army on the Eastern Front in the summer of 1942. They completed their internship at the Military Commissary College in Munich and at the Academy for Higher Commissary Service in Berlin, becoming familiar with the activities of the various commissary units and offices of the German Army, as well as with the organisation of the German commissary. Subsequently, they were sent to the divisional commissary and to the commissary of the army headquarters in the field on the eastern front. The reason for completing part of the internship at military schools in Germany was to acquaint Slovak officers with the organisation and activities of the German commissary, its education and training. By completing another part of the internship at the commissary of higher headquarters in the field, they gained important experience regarding the activities of the German commissary in the field. After completing their internships, the Slovak officers were entrusted with high-level commissary positions and at the same time were teaching at the MC as professors.
Vojenská história
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2020
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vol. 24
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issue 1
156 - 161
EN
The issue of the relationship between the health care and army has not been complexly processed in the Slovak military historiography so far. As yet, there are only partial probes concerning the selected issues, military health care facilities or personalities actively affecting this interaction. In the Military Historical Archive in Bratislava, in the collections of the Ministry of National Defence (hereinafter referred to as MND) Ordinary and MND Confidential, there are two documents regarding the aforementioned topic. The first document is a report on the health condition of the Fast Division (FD) units on the eastern front for the first quarter of 1942. It was drawn up by the superintendent of the FD health administration at the time when this unit was holding the defensive positions on the Mius river, taken in December of the previous year. The document’s value consists mainly in the characteristics of the most frequent diseases of the FD members, which in a number of cases related to the stay in the field conditions, poor hygiene, bad accommodation, etc. The second document was created by the superintendent of the Security Division’s (SD) health administration on the 27 May 1942, discussing the issue of establishment of the field brothels and the incidence of venereal diseases in its units (for the period from January to April 1942). It is apparent from the superintendent’s statement that the issue of brothels had occurred before but it is categorically rejected in this document. The second document has already been quoted in Oldřich Pejsa’s monograph: Slovak Military Clergy. The author subjected both documents to historical review, using the notes and explanatory notes.
EN
The study analyses the reactions of members of the Slovak army stationed on the Eastern Front to the emerging genocide against the Jewish population in the conditions of Nazi occupation during the first weeks of the war. On the basis of the available sources, the author states that under the influence of the propaganda, which accused the Jews of supporting the Bolshevik regime, intense anti-Semitic feelings also resounded among the Slovak soldiers at the front. Many soldiers, including the highest representatives of the army, openly approved of violence against the Jews as an act of just revenge, even when it acquired the character of genocide. In some cases, there was voluntary participation by soldiers in anti-Jewish pogroms carried out by the local population. The author also analyses the official attitude of the leadership of the army to violence against Jews, and describes it as ambivalent. The author also considers the reaction of the Ľudák representatives in Slovakia, who increased their anti-Jewish rhetoric and radicalized their anti-Jewish measures including preparations to deport the Jews to the Nazi extermination camps, in spite of the fact that they knew that genocide was beginning.
Vojenská história
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2023
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vol. 27
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issue 3
7 - 27
EN
The study deals with the activities of the Prussian 35th Reserve-Division on the territory of north-eastern Slovakia during April-May 1915, when the battles in the Carpathian Mountains were at their peak. The division was a part of the German Beskidenkorps, led by General Georg von der Marwitz. The Corps was dispatched to the Carpathian Mountains to help the Austro-Hungarian 3rd Army hold back the Russian offensive. The 35th Reserve Division took part in the Easter Battle in the Carpathian Mountains, where they managed to halt the Russian advance. The Division Regiments were deployed in the area of the villages of Čabiny and Valentovce. The heaviest fights during April 1915 were fought by the Division Regiments for the Height 419 north of Čabiny. At the turn of April and May 1915 the Division Regiments were on guard duty in the area of Čabiny and the Olšava River Valley. On 5-8 May 1915, they participated in the expulsion of the Russians from the Slovak territory, during which they liberated the villages of Krásny Brod, Ňagov and Čabalovce. The final battles of the First World War in Slovakia were spent by the Division Regiments fighting in the Magura Mountains.
Annales Scientia Politica
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2017
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vol. 6
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issue 1
57 – 62
EN
People are attributing specific meanings to individual places (regions) by their activity and thus they are visualizing their life ideas. In this way genius loci (genius regionis) is developed in human consciousness. This social value of the landscape, generated by the generational accumulation of human experience, forms the central part of the potential of places and regions. It is well known that the activation of the socio-economic potential of the country, including genius loci (genius regionis), contributes even to the development of cross-border cooperation. An example may be the fact that (after more than one hundred years) a genius locus of the Eastern Front of the World War I has become the generator of the development of cross-border cooperation in the Slovak-Polish-Ukrainian region.
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