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EN
This article discusses new developments concerning the lawfulness of EU anti-terrorism measures in relation to the UN Security Council (UNSC) resolutions. The European Court of Justice (ECJ), in joined cases C-402/05 P and C- 415/05 P Yassin Abdullah Kadi and Al Barakaat International Foundation (Judgment), considered two appeals - in the cases T-306/01 Yusuf and T-315/01 Kadi. In this sequel of actions for annulment pursuant to Article 234 TEC, the ECJ not only set aside the judgments of the Court of First Instance (CFI) in both cases, but expressed its opinion on the substance of the case by annulling the contested Regulation No 881/2002 (Regulation), implementing Common Position 2002/402/CFSP, which itself implements UNSC Resolution No 1390 (2002) imposing measures directed against Osama bin Laden, members of Al-Qaeda and the Taliban, and persons associated with them. These legal acts are aimed at freezing the assets of persons related to terrorists in order to prevent terrorist operations. The Regulation was repealed only in so far as it concerned the appellants. The contested regulation was annulled since it failed to ensure the following rights of the appellants: right to respect for property, right to be heard and right to effective judicial review. From a legalistic perspective, the setting aside of the Judgments of the CFI in Yusuf and Al Barakaat is deplorable, since the CFI dealt for the first time in detail with various facets of the relationship between the international and Community legal systems. The ECJ did not refute its conclusions in this matter, nor did it give its own opinion, it simply repealed it. This article is highly critical of the ECJ's absence of justification as to why the EC is to take over the obligations of the Member States stemming from the UN Charter as far as economic sanctions are concerned. On the other hand, the article praises the coherence with which the ECJ defends the autonomy of the international and Community legal systems, even if its argumentation sometimes seems too formalistic. But law itself needs to be, to a certain extent, formalistic for it to be of general application.
Pieniądze i Więź
|
2014
|
vol. 17
|
issue 2(63)
143-148
PL
Wyrokiem z dnia 13 marca 2014 r. (sygn. akt C 38/13) Europejski Trybunał Sprawiedliwości uznał art. 33 KP za niezgodny z prawem unijnym. Wobec takiego stanowiska koniecznym stała się próba przeanalizowania sytuacji pracodawców zatrudniających pracowników na umowy na czas określony. Zagadnienie jest tym bardziej istotne, że ponad 25% wszystkich zawieranych umów o pracę to właśnie umowy na czas określony.
EN
By judgment of 13 March 2014 (case C 38/13) the European Court of Justice considered the art. 33 of Labour Code incompatible with EU law. Given this stance the attempt to analyse the situation of employers of workers on fixed-term contracts has become necessary. The issue is all the more important that more than 25% of all employment contracts are temporary contracts.
EN
This paper explores the concept of legal translation as a Third Space through the lens of the ‘multilingual’ Court of Justice of the European Union (ECJ). In many ways legal translation at that Court fits readily with the characterisation of translation as a Third Space. Due to complex internal production processes the ECJ produces texts which are undoubtedly hybrid in nature, and which exhibit distinctive features on a lexical and textual level marking them out as a product of cross-fertilisation of influences from source and target languages and legal cultures. Even the teleological approach taken towards legal reasoning at the ECJ occupies a space outside the strict confines of the texts involved. Both the processes and the product of the ECJ’s language system appear to bear all the hallmarks of translation as a Third Space. However, translation at the ECJ also challenges the concept of a Third Space. The prevailing definitions of translation as a Third Space fail to effectively conceptualise additional nuances of the specific nature of drafting and the complex nature of translation at the ECJ. This paper uses original empirical data to demonstrate that translation at the ECJ places constraints on the undefined, vague and fluid nature of the Third Space, warping the forces at work within that space. In this regard, rather than an amorphous space, the Third Space is better thought of as a determinate area which is delimited by elements of translation process which constrain it. This adapted framing of the Third Space can consequently be used to better understand and illustrate the dynamics at play in other areas of legal translation where the current concept of the Third Space is equally inadequate for encompassing the specific nature of translation practices which impact on that space-in-between.
EN
Over the past two years the Court of Justice of the EU has delivered several important judgments on legal instruments forming the framework of the so-called judicial cooperation in civil matters. Therefore, international civil procedure law remains one of the most vigorous areas of European integration. The two-part article contains a detailed and comprehensive study of the ECJ’s acquis within the framework of basic legal instruments underpinning the EU Common Judicial Area, including all “Brussels” Regulations, the Insolvency Regulation (No 1346/2000), the Succession Regulation (No 650/2012), the Small Claims Regulation (No 861/2007), etc. The authors pay close attention to the mechanisms of cooperation between Member States and the Union; they are endeavouring not only to analyse the technical matters raised by the respective cases pending before the Court of Justice, but also to highlight the importance of some underlying constitutional and international aspects.
EN
Over the past two years the Court of Justice of the EU has delivered several important judgments on legal instruments forming the framework of the so-called judicial cooperation in civil matters. Therefore, international civil procedure law remains one of the most vigorous areas of European integration. The two-part article contains a detailed and comprehensive study of the ECJ’s acquis within the framework of basic legal instruments underpinning the EU Common Judicial Area, including all “Brussels” Regulations, the Insolvency Regulation, the Succession Regulation (No 650/2012), the Small Claims Regulation (No 861/2007), etc. The authors pay close attention to the mechanisms of cooperation between Member States and the Union; they endeavour not only to analyse the technical matters raised by the respective cases pending before the Court of Justice, but also to highlight the importance of some underlying constitutional and international aspects.
EN
In the two recent years the Court of Justice of the EU delivered a number of important judgments pertaining to legal instruments within the framework of the so-called Judicial Cooperation in Civil Matters. The two-part article is the detailed and profound study of the ECJ's acquis within the framework of the basic legal instruments underpinning the EU Common Judicial Area, including all the 'Brussels' Regulations (Regulation No. 44/2001 and Regulation No. 1215/2012, the Small Claims Regulation No. 861/2007, the Insolvency Regulation No. 1346/2000, etc. The authors pay much attention to the mechanisms of cooperation between Member States and the Union, trying not only to look into the technical matters raised by the respective cases before the Court of Justice but also highlighting the importance of some underlying constitutional and international aspects.
EN
Over the past two years the Court of Justice of the EU has delivered several important judgments on legal instruments forming the framework of the so-called judicial cooperation in civil matters. Therefore, international civil procedure law remains one of the most vigorous areas of the European integration. The two-part article contains a detailed and comprehensive study of the ECJ’s acquis within the framework of basic legal instruments underpinning the EU Common Judicial Area, including all “Brussels” Regulations, the Insolvency Regulation (No 1346/2000), the Succession Regulation (No 650/2012), the Small Claims Regulation (No 861/2007), etc. The authors pay close attention to the mechanisms of cooperation between Member States and the Union; they try not only to analyse the technical matters raised by the respective cases pending before the Court of Justice, but also to highlight the importance of some underlying constitutional and international aspects.
EN
Over the past two years the Court of Justice of the EU has delivered several important judgments on legal instruments forming the framework of the so-called judicial cooperation in civil matters. Therefore, international civil procedure law remains one of the most vigorous areas of European integration. The two-part article contains a detailed and comprehensive study of the ECJ’s acquis within the framework of basic legal instruments underpinning the EU Common Judicial Area, including all “Brussels” Regulations, the Insolvency Regulation (No 1346/2000), the Succession Regulation (No 650/2012), the Small Claims Regulation (No 861/2007), etc. The authors pay close attention to the mechanisms of cooperation between Member States and the Union; they are endeavouring not only to analyse the technical matters raised by the respective cases pending before the Court of Justice, but also to highlight the importance of some underlying constitutional and international aspects.
EN
In the two recent years the Court of Justice of the EU delivered a number of important judgments pertaining to legal instruments within the framework of the so-called Judicial Cooperation in Civil Matters. The law of international civil procedure thus remains one of the most vividly developing spheres of the European integration. The importance of the above-mentioned ECJ preliminary rulings judgments is primordial for the Polish and European lawyers, all the more so as the Brussels Ibis ('Recast') Regulation No. 1215/2012 is set to apply as from January 2015, which naturally gives rise to the question of validity of the previous case law on the original Regulation No. 44/2001 under its amended and reviewed version. The two-part article is the detailed and profound study of the ECJ's acquis within the framework of the basic legal instruments underpinning the EU Common Judicial Area, including all the 'Brussels' Regulations, the Small Claims Regulation No. 861/2007, the Insolvency Regulation No. 1346/2000, etc. The authors pay much attention to the mechanisms of cooperation between Member States and the Union, trying not only to look into the technical matters raised by the respective cases before the Court of Justice but also highlighting the importance of some underlying constitutional and international aspects.
EN
In the two recent years the Court of Justice of the EU delivered a number of important judgments pertaining to legal instruments within the framework of the so-called Judicial Cooperation in Civil Matters. The law of international civil procedure thus remains one of the most vividly developing spheres of the European integration. The article contains the overall review of the ECJ acquis in the field of the EU international family law and several other instruments of the international civil procedure, incl. the Regulation for the European Enforcement Order, the European Payment Order, the Cross-Border Insolvency, and the Evidence Regulations. The motives of the ECJ judgments are confronted systematically with the scholarly elaborations, often critical about various aspects of the Court’s legal reasoning. The authors pay much attention to the mechanisms of cooperation between Member States and the Union, trying not only to look into the technical matters raised by the respective cases before the Court of Justice but also highlighting the importance of some underlying constitutional and international aspects.
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