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DRIVERS OF ENTREPRENEURIAL MOTIVATIONS: THE ROLE OF INSTITUTIONAL QUALITY

100%
Rusu V. D., Roman A.
Ekonomický časopis (Journal of Economics)
|
2019
|
vol. 67
|
issue 9
973 – 994
EN
The aim of our research is to empirically evaluate and analyse the effects of quality of institutions on the level of early-stage entrepreneurial activity, but also the effects on the motivation of individuals to start new businesses and thus to enter into entrepreneurship. Our research focuses on member countries of the European Union, using panel data estimation techniques and targets a period of fifteen years, between 2002 and 2016. The results of our study show that, the level of the total early-stage entrepreneurial activity can be significantly affected by the quality of institutions, and the impact of institutional factors is different depending on the types of entrepreneurial activities analysed. The findings of the study confirm previous findings showing that the economic freedom and the quality of governance are significant predictors of entrepreneurial activity but also of individuals’ motivation to start a business. The results of our empirical investigation could be of interest to policymakers, who should be concerned about identifying and implementing the most appropriate measures to increase the quality of institutions, which should lead to the promotion of entrepreneurship and the development of entrepreneurial activities within a country.
2

ISSUES AND PROBLEMS IN ECONOMIC THEORY: HISTORICAL INFLOWS AND OUTFLOWS OF THE MARKET, ECONOMIC FREEDOM AND PERSONAL PROPERTY

100%
Winiecki J.
Optimum. Studia Ekonomiczne
|
2007
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issue 4(36)
5-20
EN
The article concerns the trends of the development of the economic thought of the 20th century. It presents the most significant projects of the economic theory which came into being in this century. The author focuses on the issue of free market, economic freedom and personal property. He shows how the views on the aforementioned issues were changing and at the same time he presents almost all main concepts of solving these problems. The author focuses primarily on some characteristic evolution of basic trends in economic theory: he examines some aspects of the theory which strayed away from fundamental categories of market, economic freedom and personal property - and then returned to them again.
3

ORDOLIBERALISM AND THE SOCIAL MARKET ECONOMY IN THE CONSTITUTION OF THE REPUBLIC OF POLAND

88%
Mazuryk M.
Myśl Ekonomiczna i Prawna
|
2008
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issue 2(21)
29-46
EN
This paper aims at providing an answer to the question whether the Polish model of economy as construed in article 20 of the Constitution of the Republic of Poland is equivalent to the conception of social market economy created and implemented by ordoliberals in the Federal Republic of Germany after the World War II. For that purpose the author employed the dogmatic method. As the normative basis for this paper served the Constitution of the Republic of Poland, and the relevant body literature on constitutional law as well as theory of and history of economics. The author notes an unquestionable convergence of axiology and solutions concerning the role of the state in the economy, its functions and purposes, that can be found in the views expressed by ordoliberals on the one hand, and normative regulations of the economic order of the Republic of Poland after 1989 provided in the Constitution on the other. Notwithstanding the similarities, the author stresses the distinguished character of the Polish economic transformation, which supports private property, facilitates the development of social dialogue and contributes towards common good. The paper concludes that the economic model expressed explicit in article 20 of the Constitution of the Republic of Poland is an original development of the ordoliberal doctrine, one that takes into account the specific conditions of the country's situation.
4
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Wolność gospodarcza jako ideologia

88%
Reykowski J.
Studia Socjologiczne
|
2013
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issue 3(210)
7–29
EN
The article focuses on social and psychological aspects of criticisms of neo-liberal market model, mostly referring to the views of Leszek Balcerowicz. It points out that neo-liberal approach is based on a limited concept of freedom and its meaning in human life, underestimating the connection between freedom and ideological beliefs of people. Moreover, neo-liberalism does not take into account the fact that in conditions of economic freedom the interference between the level of individual effort (productivity) and access to goods (rewards) is weakened and may lead to self-destruction of the market system. But the shortcomings of the market mechanisms are not an argument for their replacement with state control over economy. They rather should instigate problem solving efforts.
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