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1

The operating mechanism of fiscal policy. Friction free models - supply effects.

100%
Pete P., Szilagyi K.
Kozgazdasagi Szemle (Economic Review)
|
2006
|
vol. 53
|
issue 2
97-118
EN
The article employs some well known types of macroeconomic model to draw attention to the possible supply side effects of fiscal expansion. These effects, mostly simplified or neglected in basic economic training, add new viewpoints to professional thinking on the operation of fiscal policy. The intention is to show that the strong statistical correlation between government expenditures and aggregate economic performance can be triggered by supply mechanisms as well. This is an important statement because the Keynesian IS- LM system has remained to this day the interpretative framework for examining fiscal policy mainly because of its empirical applicability in economic-policy and - with the spread of micro-based neo-Keynesian models - academic discourse. Yet it is far from clear what type or size of role or weight these play in the process of adaptation of nominal frictions to economic shocks. If the relation between government expenditures and output can also be shown in friction free models with perfect adjustment to prices, the analyses must clarify not only the adaptation difficulties, but the subsequent channels.
2

The structure of Hungarian public revenue and expenditure, 1991-2004

100%
Benedek D., Lelkes O., Scharle A., Szabo M.
Kozgazdasagi Szemle (Economic Review)
|
2006
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vol. 53
|
issue 2
119-143
EN
The article describes the structure of government revenues and expenditures in Hungary, using aggregate statistics for the years between 1991 and 2003. This leads to four important observations: (1) Taxes on capital are relatively low, which may be justified in the short run by the need to encourage investment and hence accelerate the convergence to EU income levels. (2) The structure of revenues approaches the European Union's average in most dimensions. The exception to this is the distribution of taxes on capital and labour: taxes on capital are lower, while taxes and social-security contributions levied on labour are much higher than in most EU member-states, which is likely to create an incentive for unregistered employment. (3) The levels of expenditures and of public consumption are high, which may slow economic growth. Finally (4), the combined redistributive effects of revenues and expenditures seem to favour middle or high-income groups (as compared to low-income groups) more than in other EU countries.
3

ECONOMIC PERFORMANCE AND FINANCIAL STABILITY: CASE OF THE EURASIAN ECONOMIC UNION

100%
Pošta V., Mukusheva A., Kuchukova N.
Ekonomický časopis (Journal of Economics)
|
2022
|
vol. 70
|
issue 1
22 – 35
EN
The paper presents an empirical evaluation of the relationship between some of the financial stability indicators and economic performance. It is focused on the sample of the members of the Eurasian Economic Union. Given some data limitations, dynamic panel analysis is performed. Nonperforming loans are identified as an important indicator of financial stability along with private credit and liquid reserves of commercial banks. These results are in line with many published studies focused on different sets of countries. Contrary to some published results no or little support is identified in the case of the number of commercial bank branches per capita and bank capital to asset ratio.
4
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Maksymalizacja produkcji biomasy w zrównoważonym zmianowaniu roślin dla gospodarstw energetycznych

100%
Burczyk H.
Zagadnienia Doradztwa Rolniczego
|
2013
|
issue 1(71)
82-89
EN
Crop yields of biomass and its energetic efficiency depend mainly on the selection of annual plants cultivated in rotation under specific climate and soil conditions. The suggested five-field crop rotation is designed for arable farms, specializing in the production of biomass for renewable energy, operating on average quality soils (class IV) with limited precipitation (<550 mm). The results of the selection of plants for the suggested rotation, determined on the basis of field and production experiments conducted in 2007-2011 at the experimental farm Stary Sielec (district of Rawicz), confirmed the possibility of obtaining high yields of economically justified biomass from an area unit.
5
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Wpływ zazielenienia Wspolnej Polityki Rolnej na wyniki ekonomiczne gospodarstw roslinnych

88%
Czekaj S., Majewski E., Wąs A.
Zagadnienia Ekonomiki Rolnej
|
2012
|
issue 2(321)
67-80
EN
The paper presents assessment of impacts of introducing the greening scenario of the Common Agricultural Policy, proposed by the European Commission as an alternative for the reformed CAP after 2013. A number of variants of the greening was analyzed. Assessments were made for selected types of crop farms from the FADN sample with the use of the LP optimization farm model. Types of farms were defined according to the level of diversifi¬cation of crop production, that was calculated with the index of concentration of cropping structure CCR. Greening of the CAP leads to changes in the cropping structure. Required diversification of cropping structure and obligatory 7% of ecological focus area results with a decrease of farm incomes comparing to baseline scenario, that assumes continuation of the current CAP.
6

VÝSKUM AKO FAKTOR INOVAČNÉHO ROZVOJA

63%
Klas A.
Ekonomický časopis (Journal of Economics)
|
2010
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vol. 58
|
issue 9
871 – 887
EN
The aim of this paper is to analyse the development of innovations and research as the factors of building knowledge-based economy in the Slovak Republic. The phenomena of the technological progress are examined on data on exports in the EU countries and in the SR according to technological demands, the structure of innovating enterprises share by technological level, mutual dependence between innovations (measured by number of EPO patents) and economic performance (measured by means of GDP/capita). In this connection also the contributions of total factor productivity, capital, labour force, foreign direct investment and GERD on the GDP growth rate are analysed. The author identifies the basic deficiencies in research and innovations in Slovakia together with a proposal on how to overcome them.
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