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1

IMMIGRANTS IN WESTERN SOCIETIES: EMANCIPATION AND INTEGRATION

100%
Pasamonik B.
Kultura i Społeczeństwo
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2008
|
vol. 52
|
issue 2
57-78
EN
Gender plays a central role in the decision to migrate and the composition of the migration flows. Emigration is the process experienced differently by women and men. The experience of immigration profoundly impacts on the public and private lives of women - their participation in the labour force, their religiousness, their marital roles and satisfaction, and their autonomy and self-esteem. One of the possible effects of migration is the emancipation of women. There is a direct connection between emancipation and integration. In contrast to integrated western societies emancipated immigrant women, immigrants from traditional cultures are not interested in the integration. They risk not only the loss of cultural identity, but also their own identity.
2

A DIFFERENT APPROACH TO EXILE LIFE. FORCED MIGRATIONS OF JEWS DURING WORLD WAR I AS A FACTOR CONDUCIVE TO EMANCIPATION (O tulactwie inaczej. Przymusowe migracje Zydów w latach I wojny swiatowej jako czynnik sprzyjajacy emancypacji)

100%
Zielinski K.
Kwartalnik Historii Żydow
|
2009
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issue 3(231)
300-311
EN
The events from the times of World War I and the ensuing migrations were, according to French diplomat Maurice Paléologue 'one of the worst experiences ever of the Jewish people'. The loss of property, forced mobilization, deportations, Russian barbarity, reprisals of the belligerent countries and the unfriendly attitude of the Christian population added to the chaos and the sense of general plight. However, analysing the forces migrations of the Jewish population in the Kingdom of Poland, Galicia and Russia during WWI, one should see all the aspects of it: not just the economic hardships, the severing of family or local ties or the chaos the migrants cause in the life of local communities, but also the importance of the migrations for the evolution of national consciousness, the shaking up of the established social hierarchies, the emergence of new elites and the occupational promotion of women, which occasionally also involved changes in the patriarchal model of the family. After all, the refugees held a huge organizational potential, which sometimes had a chance to emerge. In the paper, the author offers an analysis of migrations of the Jewish population in the years 1914-1918, based on selected examples and seen as a catalyst of changes in the traditional life of the Jewish community and a factor contributing to its modernization and emancipation.
3
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Doświadczenie kobiecości w tekstach młodopolskich poetek

100%
Trzesniowski D.
Etnolingwistyka. Problemy Języka i Kultury
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2006
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vol. 18
329-348
PL
Skala i artystyczna ranga lirycznych wypowiedzi kobiet na przełomie XIX i XX wieku jest zjawiskiem bez precedensu w historii polskiej literatury. Więcej nawet, trudno znaleźć by było sytuację analogiczną w którejkolwiek z literatur europejskich tamtego czasu. Stało się to konsekwencją faktu, że druga fala emancypacji w Polsce znalazła swój wyraz przede wszystkim w literaturze. O ile XIX-wieczny pozytywizm dopominał się o prawo do wykształcenia i pracy, modernizm (czy też wczesna jego faza) emancypował kobietę jako świadomy podmiot kultury. Wiersze piszą wówczas takie autorki, jak Bronisława Ostrowska, Kazimiera Zawistowska, Maryla Wolska, Maria Komornicka, Zofia Trzeszczkowska. W poezji tej wyróżniła się kilka zasadniczych tematów, obejmujących doświadczenia egzystencjalne, jakie dostępne są wyłącznie kobietom, bądź przeżywane są na kobiecy sposób. Zapisanie w wierszach doświadczenia ciała było znakiem rewolty obyczajowej (i językowej) przeciwko ciążącym konwenansom, było też znakiem zyskiwanej somatycznej samoświadomości, niekiedy jednak prowadzącej na granice lęku (u Ostrowskiej), czy też prowokujące sytuację utraty płciowej tożsamości (u Komornickiej). Doświadczenie świata byłoby efektem ekstrawertyzmu kobiecej natury, skłonnej rysy feministyczne przypisywać zarówno światu, jak i Bogu. Doświadczenie macierzyństwa w lirykach Ostrowskiej wyrażone zostało w oksymoronicznym zespoleniu skrajnych uczuć – radości, szczęścia oraz strachu, fizycznego bólu; przede wszystkim jednak zyskało wymowę religijną, odsłaniając prawo wiecznego odradzania się życia, ciągłego zmartwychwstania. Doświadczenie upływającego czasu pozwoliło poetkom na Proustowski sposób wywołać z pamięci obrazy, ocalające minione miłości i minionych ludzi. Doświadczenie przeczuwanej śmierci skłaniało do dojrzałej autorefleksji, rozmów ze sobą, z cieniami przeszłości, z Bogiem. Śmierć była odbierana jako wyciszenie, odpoczynek po bolesnych doświadczeniach życia, dający też, jak u Wolskiej, pewność nieśmiertelności, poczucie raju odzyskanego, jak u Komornickiej. Młodopolskie autorki pełnym literackim głosem wypowiedziały swoją kobiecość, odmienność, zapowiadając teksty zrewoltowanych pisarek XX wieku (Nałkowskiej, Pawlikowskiej-Jasnorzewskiej, a zwłaszcza Świrszczyńskiej i Poświatowskiej).
EN
The scale and significance of the lyrical output of women at the turn of the 20th century is unprecedented in the history of Polish literature. Indeed, it would be difficult to find its analogue in any European literature of the time. The reason for this state of affairs is that the second wave of emancipation was manifested in Poland above all in literature. If the 19th-century positivism strived for the right to education and work, modernism emancipated the woman as a conscious subject of culture. The active poets of the period include: Bronislawa Ostrowska, Kazimiera Zawistowska, Maryla Wolska, Maria Komornicka and Zofia Trzeszczkowska. The author has distinguished several topics connected with existential experiences either accessible only to women or lived through and understood in woman-like ways. A record of bodily experiences was a manifestation of a social revolt against conventions and of the development of a fuller self-awareness, which was ready to ascribe feminine attributes to the world and to God. The experience of motherhood in Ostrowska's lyrical poetry was expressed in the oxymoronic juxtaposition of extreme feelings: joy, happiness, fear and physical pain; above all, however, it acquired a religious meaning by revealing the law of the eternal rebirth of life, an everlasting resurrection. The female poets of Young Poland gave a full literary voice to their feminine distinctiveness, anticipating the writings of the revolutionary women authors of the 20th century (Nalkowska, Pawlikowska-Jasnorzewska, but especially Swirszczynska and Poswiatowska).
4

Audiosfera wczesnych kin na przykładzie Wrocławia

100%
Dębski A.
Prace Kulturoznawcze
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2012
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vol. 13
157-169
EN
Using Wrocław as an example, the author examines the audiosphere of early cinemas, i.e. those from before WWI. Cinemas were never “silent,” because they were always accompanied by sound. Transformations of their audiosphere reflected the growing status of this new form of entertainment. The author focuses mainly on recitation and music. The latter in particular played a significant part in the growth of the status of cinemas in the cultural life of the city. First pianists then larger orchestral bands were just as important for the attractiveness of any show as the pictures on the screen. This was especially important for women and fitted in well with the emancipating nature of cinema in an era in which women fought for a right to vote. The cultural context associated with the growing popularity of cinemas cannot be reduced only to visual sensations related to the development of film art. It was influenced by many more factors, with the audiosphere playing an important part in the process.
5
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ROK 1948: EMANCIPÁCIA ŽIEN A SLOVENSKÉ DIVADLO. PRÍSPEVOK K DEJINÁM RODOVÝCH VZŤAHOV NA SLOVENSKU

88%
Lindovská N.
Slovenské divadlo (Slovak Theatre)
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2018
|
vol. 66
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issue 2
141 – 163
EN
From the cultural and art point of view, the year 1948 in Czechoslovakia was not just the so-called "Victorious February” of the working people. The remarkable phenomenon of this era, which was related to the post-war political and social movement, was the phenomenon of female emancipation and feminization of the stage production. During the two consecutive theatre seasons 1947/1948 and 1948/1949, at The New Scene Theatre of the National Theatre in Bratislava, several women, led by the director JUDr. Magda Husáková created several productions. These women contributed to deconstructing the beliefs of typically male and typically female professions as well as transforming traditional views of the role and position of both sexes in society and the arts. The attention of theatre historiography in the recapitalization of the impacts of the breakthrough events of the Czechoslovak post-war politics of the forty years on cultural events so far focused mainly on the issues of dramaturgy and poetics, the process of ideological transformation and the sovietisation of art in the spirit of socialist realism. The subject of socialist emancipation and theatre was at the edge of the interest of our theatrology. Ten years ago, a collective monograph, dedicated to the first lady of the Slovak theatre directors, Magda Husáková-Lokvencová, managing to free her forgotten personality and work and return her to the context of Slovak theatre history in the second half of the 20th century. There is still room for further research, complementing the knowledge and reflection of the advent of women in the sphere of theatre directory, dramaturgy and scenography artwork, as part of the history of gender relations in Slovakia. Increased interest in the history of women provokes a new reflection on the issue of emancipation and theatre.
6

Kobiece ciało przez pryzmat twórczości Aleksandra Kuprina

88%
Bielniak N.
Slavica Wratislaviensia
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2011
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vol. 153
279-288
EN
Aleksandr Kuprin’s prose has become a part of literary and cultural-philosophical discourse at the turn of the 19th/20th centuries. At that time showing sexual and corporeal nature, also the one of the woman, was the main manner to portray oneself and the times. The writer describes a wide range of representatives of the fair sex in his works. Woman’s body is seen in a multidimensional way by the writer. It enables him to answer important questions, among others on the meaning of life and death. Moreover, woman’s body, its beauty or ugliness is a point of departure for deliberations on family, woman’s place, roles and rights in society at that time, as well as for sexual and material emancipation of women, an ideal of feminine beauty along with relativity of beauty and ugliness. It also forms the basis for criticism of bourgeois culture with its double morality, which, while exposing the woman to the process of socialization, incapacitated her and made her a movable property of her father first and then her husband, furthermore depriving her of the right to express her own sexuality.
7

Telo ako inšpiračný zdroj poézie Mily Haugovej

88%
Valcerová A.
Slavica Wratislaviensia
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2011
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vol. 153
789-795
EN
The present paper deals with the recent poetry of Mila Haugová, one of the major contemporary Slovak women poets and the ways in which body is incorporated in her poetic world. Among other things, the study tries to determine the place of Haugova’s recent poetry in the network of the modern women’s writing. It points out the connections of Haugova’s poetics with Slovak and world women poets, such as Lýdia Vadkerti-Gavorníková, Anna Akhmatova, Marina Tsvetaeva, Ingeborg Bachmann and Elsa Lasker-Schüler. The paper’s main attention is given to the reflection of the gradual emancipation of the subject and body in Haugova’s poetry. The body is finally allowed to be experienced as a source of pleasure, which helps to unveil female physicality. The study interprets this act as the culmination of Haugova’s contribution to Slovak women’s literature, because it unmasks and frees pure femininity in Slovak poetry.
8
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Uniwersalność przesłania "pedagogii uciśnionych" Paula Freire'go

88%
Kostyło H.
Rocznik Andragogiczny
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2010
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vol. R. 2010
EN
In this article the author presents the content of the seminal Freire's book, Pedagogy of the Oppressed, which has not been yet published in Polish. The presentation of the current of Freire's thought is accompanied by the numerous quotations. In the introduction to the article, the author locates Freire's philosophy in the context of pedagogical discourses.
9

FEMINISTICKÁ FILOZOFIA: AKO MÔŽE FILOZOFIA PRISPIEŤ K ETABLOVANIU RODOVO SPRAVODLIVÝCH PODMIENOK

88%
Nagl-Docekal H.
Filozofia (Philosophy)
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2008
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vol. 63
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issue 6
469-479
EN
The paper gives a definition of the concept of feminist philosophy from both historical and systematic perspectives. The special character of feminist philosophy is examined on the background of a controversial discourse, which has been developed in some of the philosophical sub-disciplines, such as philosophical anthropology, epistemology, the theory of science, esthetics, ethics, and in philosophy of law or in social philosophy. Regardless of their diversity, all of them share one objective, namely the global democracy, in which the emancipation ideal articulated in feminist movement could be realized.
10

Ôter la raison aux femmes: question d’ordre public

75%
Wysłobocki T.
Romanica Wratislaviensia
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2011
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vol. 58
133-143
EN
The arrival of the Revolution brought French society many changes which had been demanded for years. The privileges which oppressed the subjects of Louis XVI were abolished — people were all free and equal in the eyes of the law. However, the “Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen”, which did not mention women, allowed politicians and thinkers of the time to gradually exclude women from public life — first in the new constitutional monarchy and later in the republic. Educational deficiencies and a lack of common sense and even reason were the argument used most often to demonstrate the inability of women to exercise power and to obtain legal and civil liberty. In the new bourgeois order, women’s ambition was limited to the role of mothers and wives. Some women as well as some men did not want to come to terms with such a lack of social balance. They argued that nature equipped women with the same intellectual capacity as men and, therefore, being equal to men, they should be able to enjoy the same rights.
11

MEZI IDYLICKOU SOUDRŽNOSTÍ A TOUHOU PO INDIVIDUÁLNÍ EMANCIPACI. LOGIKA NARATIVU V SUBŽÁNRU RODINNÉ SÁGY

75%
Filipowicz M.
Slovenská literatúra (Slovak Literature)
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2018
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vol. 65
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issue 2
89 — 10
EN
The goal of the paper is to contemplate the nature of the narrative structures in the subgenre of family chronicle, which has undoubtedly left a trace in the western patterns of family story-telling. It is mainly theoretically based on a structuralist paper by Claude Bremond titled The Logic of Narrative Possibilities. However, French structuralist narratology is not mentioned here in order to examine the laws of a literary work of art per se. The paper investigates the layer of fabula in a number of European and Czech family chronicles, which is seen as a trace in a reader ́s memory made by reading a particular piece of writing and forming a meaningful whole. The paper uses Bremond ́s analysis to examine the logic of the narration, what impact it has on understanding the category of family in a family chronicle. What are researched is the patterns of the narration logic in family chronicles, which oscillates between the idyllic family togetherness and individualization. The paper proves that the pattern of deterioration seen as family dissolution and the disintegration of idyllic coexistence is not applied everywhere. This enables to review the current theory of the subgenre in question, which was solely defined by the logic of deterioration. Family chronicle brings a number of narrations based on ambivalent attitudes towards family, which is manifested by alternating processes of deterioration and improvement as well as their concurrence. These make the family chronicle characters hate the family, and at the same time regard it as an environment vital for life.
12

DLHÁ CESTA K PRÁVNEJ EMANCIPÁCII ŽENY V RODINNÝCH A MAJETKOVÝCH VZŤAHOCH

75%
Laclavíková M., Švecová A.
Historický časopis (Historical Journal)
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2018
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vol. 66
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issue 4
599 - 628
EN
The authors discuss the legal emancipation of the Slovak or Hungarian woman in family and property relations (as both these relations determine the status of each human individual) which took place in two stages; Firstly, it was while the first original medieval law, which was preserved even in the modern concept of the patriarchal family and subordinate position of women, was effective. Secondly, it was during the century when modern law was born, namely from 1848 to 1948, when women became independent and emancipated in both social and legal relations. The authors identify the key legal norms that helped to create and configure the mile-stones on the slow and long road to female emancipation and transformation of the social and legal awareness of Slovak society. The ambition of the authors is to point out the general conclusions about the status of Slovak woman, reached after reviewing the legal norms, court decisions and jurisprudence.
13

EMANCIPACE V „MUŽSKÝCH“ DENÍCÍCH CHORVATSKÝCH SPISOVATELEK OBDOBÍ MODERN

75%
Zoufalá M.
Motus in verbo: časopis mladej vedeckej generácie
|
2013
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vol. 2
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issue 2
86 – 93
EN
The article deals with the phenomenon of emancipation that can be found in two novels by Croatian authors, namely Plein air by Jagoda Truhelka and Ispovijest by Milka Pogačić. Both novels were composed during the Croatian modernist period and are unique in their form as they are male diaries, though written by women. The authors attempted to deal with women’s emancipation, an issue that saw a rise in importance in Croatian society at the beginning of the 20th century. Each of the authors deals with the theme in a different way. The main characters of Truhelka’s novel are confronted with women’s emancipation directly and accept it as right in the end. The main characters of the second novel are firmly anchored in contemporary conventions, absurdity of which is shown in escalated situations they find themselves in.
14
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Między Starym a Nowym Światem – podobieństwa, różnice, szanse i ograniczenia

75%
Dmuchała J.
Studia Migracyjne - Przegląd Polonijny
|
2019
|
vol. 45
|
issue 4 (174)
57–76
PL
Przybywszy do Stanów Zjednoczonych na przełomie XIX i XX wieku polskie emigrantki znalazły się w obcym często nieprzyjaznym środowisku. Pomimo różnic kulturowych, nieznające języka i obyczajów Polki w USA kreowały siebie oraz własną/nową przestrzeń wykraczając poza granice świata domowego i angażując się w szeroko pojęte życie społeczne. Od końca XIX wieku kobiety polskiego pochodzenia tworzyły system oświatowy, który pozwał im na pracę w ramach wspólnoty etnicznej, zakładały sierocińce, działały w stowarzyszeniach dobroczynnych, organizowały strajki i bojkoty, udowadniając tym samym swoją polityczną siłę. Korzystając z istniejących w społeczeństwie amerykańskim swobód zrzeszania się oraz wyniesionych z kraju pochodzenia tradycji solidarności i samopomocy sąsiedzkiej, polskie emigrantki zaczęły zakładać lokalne towarzystwa wzajemnej pomocy, które pod koniec lat 80. XIX w. zjednoczyły się w jednej, centralnej organizacji, tworząc w 1898 roku Związek Polek w Ameryce, zapewniający kobietom ubezpieczenie, dbałość o zachowanie świadomości narodowej oraz emancypację.
EN
Having arrived in the United States at the turn of the 19th and 20th centuries, Polish emigrants found themselves in a foreign and often unfriendly environment. Despite cultural differences, Polish women who did not know the language and American traditions were able to create themselves and their own/new space by transcending the borders of the home world and through involvement in social life. From the end of the 19th century, women of Polish origin had created an educational system that allowed them to work within their ethnic community, establish orphanages, work in charitable associations and organize strikes and boycotts, thus proving their political strength. Taking advantage of the freedom of association existing in American society and the tradition of solidarity and self-help in the neighborhood, Polish immigrant women began to establish local societies of mutual assistance, which in 1898 united in one central organization – the Polish Women’s Union in America – providing women with insurance, care for the preservation of national identity and emancipation.
15

KRITICKÉ A HISTORICKÉ REFLEXIE TVORBY HANY GREGOROVEJ (POZNÁMKY K DEBUTU ŽENY)

75%
Šteflová L.
Slovenská literatúra (Slovak Literature)
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2013
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vol. 60
|
issue 3
244 – 252
EN
The study deals with the personality and work of Hana Gregorová. The analysis and interpretation of her debut book Ženy (Women) is used in an attempt to define the basic poetry-like principles of her writing style. The contrastive method is used to confront the literary-critical and literary-historical views of Hana Gregorová´s work. The interpretation forms the basis of the author ś attempt to describe her creative method and decide to what extent she approaches the Realistic method. The negative attitude of the contemporary criticism towards the author was determined by several factors, which were the reasons why her work has not been assessed in terms of literary quality to date, and has been rejected due to her extreme opinions. The main goal of the study is to outline possible starting points for interpretation of Hana Gregorová´s work related to her debut book and to assess objectively its literary qualities. The author deals marginally with the feminist views on her work.
16
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Religia i nieheteroseksualność: stan debaty akademickiej i wybrane wątki badań prowadzonych w Polsce

75%
Hall D.
Studia Socjologiczne
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2013
|
issue 3(210)
123–150
EN
The academic debate on “LGBT Christians” focuses on the issue of conflict between religion and homosexuality and on the ways of solving it. The source of this conflict is usually located within religious traditions which have created and maintained the negative image of homosexuality. In this context, particular believers are presented as individualized actors who activate a huge agency, while harmonizing their religiosity with sexuality. However, the author’s research conducted in Poland, especially among members of Faith and Rainbow, which is a group of “LGBT Christians”, calls for shifting the focus of the analysis from the individual agency into the social structure and locating experiences of the members of this community within various discursive and social interdependencies. The proposed interpretation takes into account the individuals’ entanglement in religious, medical and emancipatory discourses, as well as in the interplay between them. It also highlights the differences in the ways of integrating religion with sexual non-normativity at the personal level, which are conditioned by the individuals’ age and gender, as well as their social and denominational background.
17

The Construction of Hegel's Philosophy of Law

75%
Ostrowski J.
|
2008
|
vol. 17
|
issue 3(67)
71-82
EN
Contemporary philosophy of law often relies on the heritage of the classical German philosophy. This is connected with the decline of the traditional positivistic model of law as a collection of rules established and executed by a sovereign. The main issue behind that change - universality of norms in the contemporary philosophy of law - has its roots in Hegel's thought and his theory of intersubjectivity. That is why the interpretation of this theory is highly important for questions concerning the possibility of reconstruction of such philosophy of law which would permit the inclusion of a formally procedural model of law as something original vis-a-vis every possible material legal order, and whose content would emerge from its form (Inhalt aus der Form). In this context the leading motif of the article is a critique of Manfred Riedel's reconstruction of Hegel's theory of intersubjectivity. Riedel reduces the Hegelian concept of intersubjectivity to the dimensions of emancipation and socialization processes. He neglects thereby the fact that Hegel's theory also has a strong onto-political dimension which makes 'the ethical life' possible.
18
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POROVNANIE NÁRODNÝCH IDENTÍT UKRAJINY A SLOVENSKA (ZISŤOVANIE SPOLOČNÝCH A KONFLIKTNÝCH PERCEPCIÍ A STEREOTYPOV)

63%
Geremešová G.
Annales Scientia Politica
|
2019
|
vol. 8
|
issue 1
27 – 46
EN
The study compares identities of the Ukrainian and Slovak ethnicities; they both contribute with their respective uniqueness to Europe – in a certain sense – as a supranational community as well as to Europe consisting of differences and regional connotations. The existence of both ethnicities in a historical sense is primarily related to the European macro-regions of East and West. In this context, Christianity fulfilled important cultural and civilizational functions; it determined people’s educational levels, morals, customs, etc. In this sense, the Ukrainian ethnicity archetypically identified with the Orthodox Christianity. The principle of caesaropapism, the superiority of the political power compared to the ecclesiastical power, as well as the principle of Catholicity brought into the nation’s “mentality” the elements of collectivism, communalism, obedience, respect toward authority, and heteronomous religious morals, which were later transformed to secular morals, i.e. party and state orders / bans. The Slovakians living in the Roman-Catholic / Evangelical Christianity partially acquired the cultural and civilizational heritage of the West. By separating the secular and ecclesiastical powers, the West enabled the rise of individualism, liberty, nation states, and human and civil rights; however, one cannot overlook Slovakia’s geographic position within Middle Europe, and therefore the backwardness of its society. Both Slovakian and Ukrainian ethnicities, and more precisely, their elites led the national emancipatory processes in multi-ethnic empires (Russia and the Habsburg Monarchy) with a single state nation; they had been confronted with the issue of the linguistic nationalism.
19

EMANCIPATION OF CHILDREN AND YOUTHS AND CHRISTIAN EDUCATION IN THE FAMILY (Emancypacja dzieci i mlodziezy a wychowanie chrzescijanskie w rodzinie)

63%
Parysiewicz B.
Roczniki Nauk o Rodzinie (Annals of Family Studies)
|
2009
|
vol. 56
183-198
EN
The article analyzes the effect of emancipation of children and youths on the structure of the family and on putting into effect the idea of Christian family education. It characterizes the mentioned phenomena and assesses them in the context of their usefulness in realization of the ideal of Christian education.
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