Nowadays, thousands job vacancies exist despite large numbers of the unemployed. Work motivation may be one of the causes of this phenomenon. The purpose of the study was to determine selected aspects of work motivation of debutants on the labour market as well as to compare motivation levels among people in and without employment. The analysis was conducted with the use of C. Alderfer's ERG Theory of motivation. There were no statistically significant differences in the levels of work motivation between the two groups studied. Both the participants in employment and the unemployed were likely to demonstrate high levels of work motivation. However, differences in intrapersonal motivational factors were noted. The motivation of the participants in work was influenced mainly by ambitions, whereas self-perception was found to be the most important factor for those out of work.
The changes in the nature of economic and social issues have renewed the attention on the role of entrepreneurship, and point to a multifaceted way of how entrepreneurship activities can mediate and foster sustainable development and social welfare. Recent research on entrepreneurship has redirected attention away from the entrepreneur as an individual with inborn personality dispositions and more towards entrepreneurship competence as a composition of skills and attitudes interacting with a range of factors affecting individual and his/her work and life circumstances. In this paper we point to the way risk perception and entrepreneurial intentions are associated with the entrepreneurial individual resources of the employed and unemployed. The main findings of the current paper were summarized separately in the context of employment and unemployment.
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