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HOW SHOULD THE HERO OF AESOP'S FABLE ACT? A CONTRIBUTION TO THE NARRATIVE PSYCHOLOGY OF MORAL DEVELOPMENT

100%
Bokus B., Cieslik K.
Kolokwia Psychologiczne (Psychological Colloquia)
|
2006
|
vol. 15
173-188
EN
The question to be answered was how children present moral issues in narratives and what solutions they suggest in narrative texts directed to different addressees. Sixty boys and sixty girls aged 6;1 - 6;11 participated in the study. Each child was presented with an adapted version of Aesop's fable 'The Porcupine and the Moles'. The children were informed that the fable lacked a proper ending and were asked to complete it. In addition, they were asked to evaluate the actions of the heroes. In the course of the experiment, the children were asked to perform a radio broadcast to target audiences described respectively as 'small children', 'peers' and 'adults'. A total of 118 narratives were recorded, and were analyzed in reference to presentation of relationships between heroes and the suggested solutions of moral problems. The research showed a significant dependency between discourse participant structure and the voice of narration, defined here as manifestation of 'ethics of care' and/or 'ethics of equality'. Focusing on the communicative competence of the discourse participants has allowed for a broader approach to Gilligan's theory which has revealed the relation between the moral orientation activated in a narrative discourse and the given addressee of the story.
2
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ETHICS OF CARE AND ETHICS OF JUSTICE. DOES MORALITY DEPEND ON GENDER? (Etyka troski i etyka sprawiedliwosci. Czy moralnosc zalezy od plci?)

75%
Zieminska R.
Analiza i Egzystencja. Czasopismo Filozoficzne
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2008
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issue 8
115-131
EN
The article presents the ethics of care by Carol Gilligan in controversy with Lawrence Kohlberg's stages of moral development. Gilligan discovered that women turned to be deficient in moral development when measured by Kohlberg's scale (usually on the third stage of his six stages). She rejected the scale as derived from the study of men. Her own studies suggest that autonomy and moral rights are not so important for women as care and responsibility for persons in relationships; moral problems arise from conflicting responsibilities rather than from competing rights and rules; women have different moral priorities; morality of rights and noninterference are frightening to women because presuppose indifference; women's ethics is not the ethics of justice but the ethics of care (three stages of moral development: care for myself, care for others, the balance between the care for myself and the care for others). Later research showed that the two moral orientations are not divided between biological sexes but rather cultural genders (cultural constructions of masculinity and femininity). The ethics of care has its own problems (the care for evil). The authoress claims that both perspectives converge and are next dilemma in ethics. Moral maturity must encompass both justice and care.
3
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RESILIENCE AND ETHICS OF CARE AGAINST RACIAL CAPITALISM IN DAVID CHARIANDY’S BROTHER

75%
Cucarella-Ramon V.
World Literature Studies
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2023
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vol. 15
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issue 2
77 – 87
EN
This article reads David Chariandy’s elegiac novel Brother (2017) through the lens of resilience thinking in tandem with the ethics of care. Staged in a suffocating context of police violence and surveillance and the ideological premises of Canadian racial capitalism, the plot revolves around Francis and Michael, two Black Canadian brothers from Scarborough. The story unfolds Francis’s tragic death while trying to protect his friends from the police. To counteract the Anti-Blackness that is proffered by the nation-state, the novel opts for collaborative acts of resilience based on a compromise to care for one another. The ethics of care become a way to accommodate a compromised resilience that reveals the shortcomings of Canadian multiculturalism policies.
4

VZTAHOVÉ POJETÍ MORÁLNÍ SUBJEKTIVITY MEZI ETIKOU PÉČE A TEORIÍ HRY DONALDA WINNICOTTA

75%
Koubová A., Urban P.
Filozofia (Philosophy)
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2018
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vol. 73
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issue 9
717 – 730
EN
How can we consider human subjectivity as ethical, granted that human beings are essentially interdependent, self-opaque, vulnerable and ambivalent in their attitudes? The aim of this paper is to tackle the question against the background of the relational notion of subjectivity developed in the ethics of care. First, we analyse Carol Gilligan’s theory of moral development and focus on its underlying notion of relational subjectivity. Further, we revise some of Gilligan’s ideas with the help of the object relations theory and Donald Winnicott’s concept of the transitional area of play in particular. Finally, we show how Winnicott’s view of the role of play in human development, especially its capacity to be transformative, joyful, binding and critical, enriches the notion of relational subjectivity and its ethical implications as studied by care ethicists.
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