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PREDICTING QUALITY OF MEMORY RECALL BY PERSONALITY TRAITS

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Areh I., Umek P.

Studia Psychologica

2007

vol. 49

issue 1

19-26

Presented is the first phase of the research project in which the authors try to establish the connection between personality characteristics and memory recall. They are trying to develop a model which could be helpful in predicting the validity of eyewitness testimony. First, personality characteristics were measured using Eysenck's personality test, then a short film about a physical attack and robbery was shown to the participants, and finally, one week later, the memory recall was checked. On the basis of data gathered it is impossible to predict the quality of eyewitness testimony satisfactorily. However, other interesting results were established: the participants high on extraversion and low on neuroticism were more reliable as witnesses, the level of accuracy of memory recall depended on the emotional stability, the participants with high neuroticism and psychoticism produced less accurate recall and the subjects with high psychoticism showed a weak response or smaller quantity of the recalled data.

Efekt rozgrzania poznawczego a podatnosc na dezinformacje

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Szpitalak M., Polczyk R.

Psychologia Społeczna

2011

vol. 6

issue 3(18)

214-225

The misinformation effect is defined as a distortion of an eyewitness testimony, resulting from introducing to this testimony incorrect details, stemming from sources other than the original event. In a typical experiment the participant first watches a film. Afterwards, he/she reads a description of the film, which in the experimental group contains some incorrect details, and finally answers questions concerning the film, including questions relating to the misled details. The memory performance of misled participants is usually poorer than of non-misled ones. The aim of the presented experiment was to verify whether susceptibility to the misinformation effect is influenced by cognitive overload introduced just before presentation of the misinformation, resulting in cognitive warm-up. Warmed-up subjects were more resistant to misinformation, compared to non-warmed ones. Warmed-up subjects were also better than non-warmed in remembering non-misinformed material.

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PREDICTING QUALITY OF MEMORY RECALL BY PERSONALITY TRAITS

Efekt rozgrzania poznawczego a podatnosc na dezinformacje