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1
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Connections between the Mediterranean and the Carpathian Basin inthe 8th century AD. On the hinged strap-ends of the Late Avar Period

100%
Szenthe G.
Acta Archaeologica Carpathica
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2013
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vol. XLVIII
195-225
EN
The paper examines hinged strap-ends adopted from mediterranean sources into the material culture of the Avar Period carpathian basin (7th–8th centuries Ad). According to the common patterns in the local use of several formal or technical elements the appearance of the hinged strapends inter alia in the Avar context must be related to direct and contemporaneous contacts with the mediterranean. Two levels of communication could be identified in the archaeological material. if hinges generate more complex variations of object types embedded in simpler form in the common material culture of the same period, the mediator was most probably the late Avar elite, deriving a material culture from an elite communication that was not structured primarily by geographical distances. A second group of hinged strap-ends clustering at the borders, but principally in the western region of the carpathian basin, are largely independent of the common Avar types. Their characteristics, alien in the local context, originated from direct interregional exchange with the neighbouring mediterranean peripheries.
2
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Archäologisches Informationssystem (AIS) zur bodendenkmalpflegerischen Archivierung und Forschung: Fallbeispielhafte Anwendung zur Identifizierung der Besiedlungsdynamik der Oderregion von der späten römischen Kaiserzeit bis zum Frühmittelalter

86%
Volkmann A.
Recherches Archéologiques Nouvelle Serie
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2015
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vol. 7
117-143
EN
The basic concept of the function of the Archaeological Information System (AIS) is the following: A GIS (Geographic Information System) is integrated into the virtual research environment of the AIS and allows access to external and internal databases through the Internet or intranets. The AIS is utilised for visualisation, analysis, and finally publication of heterogeneous archaeological data (site registries, excavation plans and reports, and photographic records) through the integration of additional open-source tools. This article investigates settlement patterns and the conception of settlement spaces west and east of the lower Oder from the Late Roman Iron Age until the Early Middle Ages. All relevant data from archaeological finds and natural features are condensed into the AIS and analysed as a case study on the use of experimental design of the developed AIS. A pattern of discrete settlement clusters containing multiple individual settlements was identified during the Late Roman Iron Age. These clusters lay exclusively in areas with high natural potential for crop cultivation and animal husbandry. The borderlands demarcating these clusters are partly infertile and partly fertile, indicating that the agricultural potential of the landscape was not wholly responsible for the location of these clusters, but rather that this was done in a planned fashion and based on social concepts. Considerable emigration out of the Oder region occurred in the Migration Period, reaching its high point in the late fifth century A.D. and resulting in a broad desettled region in the sixth and early seventh centuries. First the settlement clusters underwent a process of concentration and only those in optimal natural resource surroundings could continue to exist. Not until the second phase do these clusters dissolve and for a brief time there were only individual settlements lying far away from one another. Interestingly, the repopulation of the Oder region during the Early Middle Ages in the eighth century initially copied the old pattern of discrete settlement clusters. Following the first consolidation phase however settlement formation of the Oder region at the end of this period in the ninth and tenth century was widespread and the previous spatial concept of discrete settlement clusters abandoned.1
PL
Podstawowe założenia funkcji archeologicznego systemu informacyjnego (AIS) są następujące: GIS (geograficzny system informacji) jest zintegrowany z wirtualnym środowiskiem badawczym AIS i umożliwia dostęp do zewnętrznych i wewnętrznych baz danych przez Internet i Intranet. AIS służy wizualizacji, analizie i wreszcie publikacji heterogenicznych danych archeologicznych (spisów stanowisk, planów i raportów z wykopalisk) poprzez zastosowanie dalszych narzędzi z otwartych zasobów. Prezentowany artykuł poświęcony jest rozważaniom nad wzorcami osadniczymi i konceptem przestrzeni osadniczej na zachód i wschód od dolnej Odry od późnego okresu wpływów rzymskich do wczesnego średniowiecza. Wszystkie istotne informacje o znaleziskach archeologicznych i naturalnych cechach krajobrazu zostały razem zestawione w oprogramowaniu AIS i przeanalizowane jako studium przypadku. W późnym okresie wpływów rzymskich stwierdzić można obecność wyodrębniających się wyraźnie zespołów osadniczych, na które składa się po kilka osiedli. Skupiska te położone są wyłącznie na obszarach o dużym potencjale gospodarczym, zarówno z punktu widzenia uprawy roślin jak i hodowli. Rubieże tych skupisk, i przestrzenie między nimi to jednak po części tylko obszary o małej żyzności, co świadczy tym, że uwarunkowania gospodarcze były tylko jednym z czynników wpływających na takie właśnie rozmieszczenie osadnictwa i że istotną rolę w tym względzie musiały odgrywać również czynniki społeczne. Znacząca emigracja z ziem położonych w dorzeczu dolnej Odry ma miejsce w okresie wędrówek ludów, osiągając apogeum w V wieku naszej ery i skutkując trwałym wyludnieniem w szóstym i początkach siódmego stulecia. Proces ten przebiega w dwóch fazach. Początkowo następuje koncentracja osadnictwa połączona z zanikiem całych skupisk osadniczych leżących na gorszych z gospodarczego punktu widzenia terytoriach. Następnie dochodzi do zmniejszenia się gęstości zaludnienia w tych skupiskach, które wciąż funkcjonowały. W rezultacie sieć osadniczą tworzą pojedyncze stanowiska, położone w dużej odległości od siebie. Interesujące jest to, że w początkach powtórnego zasiedlania dorzecza dolnej Odry – w ósmym wieku – sieć osadnicza kopiuje starszy wzorzec z wyraźnie wyodrębnionymi skupiskami osadniczymi. Dopiero w IX i X wieku, wraz ze wzrostem gęstości zasiedlenia, model ten zostaje porzucony i zacierają się granice pomiędzy skupieniami osadniczymi.
3
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The Carpathian Troy Archaeological Open-Air Museum in Trzcinica as a Proposal of Using an Archaeological Site for Tourism and Protection of Cultural Heritage

86%
Gancarski J., Madej P.
Analecta Archaeologica Ressoviensia
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2018
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vol. 13
377-400
EN
The Royal Earthworks hillfort in Trzcinica is one of the most important archaeological sites in Poland, where strongly fortified settlements of the Pleszów group of the Mierzanowice culture and the Otomani-Füzesabony culture, as well as an early medieval stronghold, were discovered. Interdisciplinary research has brought excellent results and numerous prehistoric artefacts have been discovered there. The fortification, chronology and stratigraphy were well recognised. The idea to build an Archaeological Open-Air Museum named the Carpathian Troy appeared in 1998, owing to amazing research results, mass tourism and further, the desire to provide archaeological discoveries to the public. Therefore, a scientific concept was prepared and after numerous consultations, the area for the construction of the archaeological open-air museum was bought and an architectural design was planned, which was to include the area of the hillfort and the terrain located at its foot. The Carpathian Troy Archaeological Open-Air Museum in Trzcinica is a branch of the Subcarpathian Museum in Krosno. The funds from the Norwegian EEA Financial Mechanism and from the local governments were obtained for the building, which was carried out in 2008–2011, and the opening took place in June 2011. The archaeological open-air museum occupies an area of over 8 ha. On the hillfort, nine sections of defensive ramparts, a fragment of the road and the gate, as well as two Otomani- Füzesabony culture cottages, an early medieval gate and four early medieval cottages were reconstructed. Paths for visitors were also built. At the foot of the hillfort, an Archaeological Park and exhibition pavilion were created. In the Archaeological Park, Otomani-Füzesabony culture and early medieval settlements were reconstructed. The Exhibition Pavilion contains an archaeological exhibition, rooms for an educational shelter, an office, a warehouse and a room For technical purposes. As part of subsequent undertakings implemented with EU funds and as a part of cross-border Polish-Slovakian projects, a viewing tower, an educational shelter, a livestock sector, and experimental plots were created and a section of an early medieval rampart was reconstructed. The Carpathian Troy Archaeological Open-air Museum in Trzcinica is a centre of tourism, education and experimental archaeology as well as a research centre
4
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Cmentarzysko ludności kultury oksywskiej (stan. 29) oraz osada wielokulturowa (stan. 42) w Czarnowęsach, pow. białogardzki

58%
Durdyń G., Machajewski H., Rogalski B.
Materiały Zachodniopomorskie
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2021
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vol. 17
11-53
EN
In 1987, excavation research was carried out at a settlement and a cemetery at Czarnowęsy, Białogard district, sites 29 and 42. In total, 39 features were recovered, including 35 Oksywie culture cremations, one early medieval pit, and three features of unknown origin. The cemetery was dated using pottery to phase A3 of the younger pre-Roman period. Site 42, the settlement, was inhabited by people of the Lusatian culture, dating to the end of the Bronze Age, the Oksywie culture from phase A3 of the younger pre-Roman period, and early medieval (the 9th–10th century).
PL
W 1987 roku przeprowadzono badania wykopaliskowe cmentarzyska i osady w Czarnowęsach, pow. białogardzki (stan. 29 i 42). W obrębie nekropoli odsłonięto 39 obiektów archeologicznych, w tym 35 grobów ciałopalnych kultury oksywskiej, jedną jamę wczesnośredniowieczna oraz trzy obiekty nieokreślone. Cmentarzysko (stan. 29) datowane jest ceramiką na fazę A3 młodszego okresu przedrzymskiego. Na osadzie (stan. 42) wyróżniono osadnictwo kultury łużyckiej datowane na schyłek epoki brązu, kultury oksywskiej z fazy A3 młodszego okresu przedrzymskiego oraz wczesnośredniowieczne (IX–X wiek).
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