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EN
The last global financial crisis has affected the changes in the architecture of the global financial system. This aspect is particularly important and valid starting point for a deeper and broader analysis of the impact of the boom of the financial sector to economic growth. The aim of the study is to identify the optimal level of bank credits to the private sector to GDP in the Polish economy, over which the economic growth rate begins to decline. In this paper we estimate parameters of the dynamic growth model in order to find an optimal level of the financial depth. Restrictions are imposed and verified on parameters concerning the level and square of financial depth. Results of estimation show that the optimal level of financial depth equals 0.44 for Poland. (original abstract)
PL
Artykuł przedstawia ordoliberalną koncepcję społecznej gospodarki rynkowej (SGR) jako modelu ustroju społeczno-gospodarczego alternatywnego wobec wolnorynkowej gospodarki kapitalistycznej. Autorzy wskazują, że wobec wielu dysfunkcji współczesnego systemu kapitalistycznego, występujących w skali globalnej w sferze gospodarczej, społecznej i ekologicznej, model ten może stanowić drogowskaz w poszukiwaniu optymalnego ustroju społeczno-ekonomicznego. Ogólna koncepcja SGR, wywodząca się z pierwszej połowy XX wieku, wymaga dostosowań do wymogów współczesnej globalnej gospodarki i obecnego stanu techniki. Jednak podstawowe założenia tego modelu, dotyczące harmonijnego i trwałego rozwoju społeczno-gospodarczego ukierunkowanego na dobrobyt społeczny, z pewnością pozostają słuszne. Artykuł zawiera omówienie historycznej genezy koncepcji SGR, jej instytucjonalnych i społecznych uwarunkowań oraz uzasadnienie jej aktualności.
EN
The article presents the ordoliberal concept of social market economy (SME) as a model of the socio-economic system alternative to the free-market capitalist economy. The authors believe that, due to the manifold disfunctions of the shortcomings of the contemporary capitalist system, visible worldwide in the economic, social and ecological spheres, this model can be a guide in the search of an optimal socio-economic system. The general SME concept, created in the first half of the XX century, needs to be adjusted to the requirements of the contemporary global economy and the current state of technology. But the fundamental assumptions of this model, concerning a harmonious and sustainable socio-economic development directed towards social wellbeing, remain without any doubt valid. The paper includes a discussion of the historical origins of the SME concept, its institutional and social premises, and justification of its current topicality.
EN
This paper present the most important centers of development of the American economic thought in the first half of the 20th century (including Chicago, Cambridge or New York) and selected economists conducting research in these centers. It has been estab¬lished that during analyzed period American economics had a pluralistic character with ne¬oclassical economics (e.g. at Chicago University) and institutional economics (e.g. at Co¬lumbia University or University of Wisconsin) having the greatest significance.
EN
An objective of a paper is to present attributes of homo oeconomicus in the mainstream macroeconomics. In the process of development of mainstream schools a gradual concretization of the model proceeded and attributes of a rational economic man were being changed. The economic man becomes less ideal and closer to the reality.
EN
Before the recent crisis political decisions were rooted in the neoclassical economics. Using ergodicity axiom and assumption of effective markets (including the financial market) it implied that the path reflecting shifts of the economic system is predetermined and well-known. Hence, liberalism appears to be the only proper kind of policy that allows avoiding exogenous shocks generated by the public authority. The alternative solution of nonergodicity based on the idea of fundamental uncertainty, historical time and bounded rationality has been proposed by Post Keynesians. According to their view in the face of instability and unpredictability of the environment using neoclassical theoretical constructions will inevitably trigger economic crushes. The aim of the paper is to describe the notions of ergodicity and nonergodicity and present their influence on the perceiving of the authority's role and the actions undertaken by the public institutions.
EN
In this short contribution author describes a fundamental assumptions, rules and structure of Washington Consensus strategies, its implementation failures and the reasons. The text comprises the Washington Consensus evolution and adaption to the rapidly changing socio-economic environment. Next, there is presentation of the empirical research results of the relation between economic growth and the main rules of Washington Consensus and the indication of their further more rationale changes in the context of globalization and growing uncertainty of economic governance.
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