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EN
This discussion piece relates to Erazim Kohák’s book Domov a dálava (Hearth and Horizon), a book that has opened up an interesting and fruitful perspective for consideration of the question: What does it mean today to be a Czech? Inspired by Kohák’s emphasis on the attempt of the foremost Czech intellectuals to model their ideals of Czech culture in the context of the wider development of Europe as a whole, the author asks why Europe was the source of the nationalistic way of thinking and he considers how this thinking was the result of certain (unfortunate) conditions and decisions, and how the overcoming of this thinking is what may (paradoxically it would seem) be the new task of the Czech nation.
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Metafora v anglických pracích Erazima Koháka

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EN
Author seeks to analyse crucial role of metaphor in Erazim Kohák’s The Embers and the Stars and other works in English. She rejects conventional interpretation of metaphors as deviant usage and examines Kohák’s use in terms of the theories of Lakoff and Johnson, pointing out that Kohák purposefully uses metaphors to forge patterns of meaning which render experience intelligible. Tus he is able to interpret the experience of the sacred not as description of alternative reality but as encounter with transcendental meaning of ordinary experience.
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Domov a svět člověka : Mezi Kosíkem a Kohákem

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EN
Author focuses on conception of world as simultaneously constituted and lived by humans in the thought of Karel Kosík and Erazim Kohák. He seeks first an overall interpretation of the thought of Karel Kosík which would bridge the apparent gap between his early Marxist thought and his later essayistic critique of modern age. He comes to the conclusion that both phases of Kosík’s thought share substantive traits and even that Kosík’s later criticism of global capitalism is possible only on the foundations laid in his early works. Susequently the author presents phenomenologically oriented thought of Erazim Kohák which in spite of differences in overall philosophical framework manifests numerous parallels with Kosík’s thought. In Kohák’s work the author traces the problem of values and of valuing in general. On that basis he then analyses Kohák’s idea of home and offers it as a possible answer to the question of anchoring and orientating of lived experience in the dynamics of a world constituted by human being and living.
EN
In this study, the author investigates, analyzes and evaluates the philosophically and politically important, interactive role played by criticism in forming and maintaining the concept of a democratic republic, and which played a fundamental role in the philosophical and political works of T. G. Masaryk, Emanuel Rádl, Jan Patočka, Ladislav Hejdánek and Erazim Kohák. The study first describes Masaryk’s concept of a democratic republic, which originated in his philosophical, social and political criticism of the time, and then continues with Rádl’s criticism of nationalism, also linked to Masaryk; Patočka’s criticism of Masaryk’s and Rádl’s philosophy and politics; and Hejdánek’s and Kohák’s criticism of Patočka’s criticism. Philosophical criticism played an irreplaceable role both in the initial sustaining of Masaryk’s and Rádl’s concept of a democratic republic and in its renewal and modernization. In the conclusion, the critical discourse of the authors discussed in the study is summarized.
CS
V této studii autor zkoumá, analyzuje a hodnotí filosoficky i politicky významnou interaktivní roli kritiky při vytváření a udržování konceptu demokratické republiky. Právě kritika totiž zaujímala zcela zásadní místo ve filosofickém i politickém díle T. G. Masaryka, Emanuela Rádla, Jana Patočky, Ladislava Hejdánka a Erazima Koháka. Autor nejprve přibližuje Masarykův koncept demokratické republiky, který se zrodil z jeho dobové filosofické, společenské a politické kritiky, následně pak Rádlovu kritiku nacionalismu, vztaženou i na Masarykovy postoje, poté Patočkovu kritiku Masarykovy a Rádlovy filosofie i politiky a v závěru pak Hejdánkovu a Kohákovu kritiku Patočkovy kritiky. Na základě svých analýz dospívá posléze k závěru, že filosofická kritika sehrála nezastupitelnou roli jak v počátečním udržení Masarykova a Rádlova konceptu demokratické republiky, tak při jeho obnově a aktualizaci. V závěru stati pak autor představuje vlastní kritický diskurz analyzovaných autorů.
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