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EN
The aim of this study was to examine the association between self-consciousness and internalizing problems in adolescents, and to analyse moderating effects of family dimension. The research sample included 294 adolescents aged 14 – 21 years. Respondents completed the UCLA Loneliness Scale (Russel, 1996), the Scale of Social Anxiety and Stage-fright (Kondáš, 1978), The Self-Consciousness Scale (Fennigstein et al., 1975), The Family Adaptability and Cohesion Evaluation Scale (Olson, 2010) and Family Communication Scale (Olson & Barnes, 2010). A direct association between self-consciousness and internalizing symptoms was not found. However, results confirmed the moderating effect of family dimensions. Family cohesion moderates the relationship between private self-consciousness and loneliness; and public self-consciousness and social anxiety in boys. Family communication and adaptability moderates the relationship between public self-consciousness and social anxiety in girls. Findings indicate that family relations may serve either a risk or protective role in association with adolescent maladjustment, dependent on the family dimension and gender.
EN
The article presents possibilities of the practical application of Murray Bowen's family systems theory in the therapy of an individual client. The theory explains emotional processes in a family system as well as the ways in which family members cope with anxiety, closeness and distance in relationships. What is more, by describing symptom formation, the theory shows intergenerational processes of family projection. Following Bowen's approach, this case study depicts a man who reports somatic symptoms and anxieties about establishing a partner relationship and starting a family. The analysis offers both systemic and individual views on the client's problems, and determines the directions of the therapy.
EN
It is impossible in one article to give a full account of John Paul II’s teachings on the positive impact of the media on the family and social life. A family, through their relationships with the society, is an important reality in human life. In the contemporary world the richness of the family is minimized, often rejected and even ridiculed. It is true that such tendencies are visible in the media, but on the other hand it is the media that can contribute to forming proper relationships, both within the family, thereby recognizing its value, and within the society. However, in order to achieve this the message sent by the media should be characterized by openness to others and should build the awareness within individuals of the values and respect for the other human being. It should also form, through the media, the image of freedom as an inherent value of human life. John Paul II sets the media specific tasks. On one hand, the Pope sees in them a great value, on the other hand he requires that both administrators of mass media as well as journalists respect human life, build and shape the public opinion properly and, finally, pay attention to the combination of values offered by faith and those related to culture. It is worth seeing and knowing the positive impact of the media on the family, the relationships both within the family and society. This will make it possible to use the media in a better way when building the good. But on the other hand one should not forget about the dangers the media might pose.
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