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1

Reflections over the issues of 'Kwartalnik Historii Nauki i Techniki'

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Bienkowski T.
Kwartalnik Historii Nauki i Techniki
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2006
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vol. 51
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issue 1
37-44
EN
The author has been a regular reader of 'Kwartalnik Historii Nauki i Techniki' ever since its establishment, and presents a number of reflections connected with the Quarterly's anniversary. Above all, he concludes that the Quarterly has always been of much assistance to young people interested in the history of science, in that it has helped them gain valuable knowledge in the field. and has taught them methods of research and interpretation, by providing very good examples of studies by eminent historians of science. It has also always played an important role in integrating the milieu of historians of science and technology in Poland. The author mentions a dozen or so articles published in the Quarterly that have made a lasting impression on him as a reader.
2

History of astrononomy in 'Kwartalnik Historii Nauki i Techniki' in the years 1956-2005

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Roskal Z. E.
Kwartalnik Historii Nauki i Techniki
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2006
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vol. 51
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issue 1
132-142
EN
The current paper deals with publications on the history of astronomy that appeared in 'Kwartalnik Historii Nauki i Techniki' in the years 1956-2005. The overview of the subject-matter has been made chronologically within three thematic groups: (i) Copernican studies, (ii) Polonica, (iii) Varia. The paper summarizes the main points of the published texts. Each of the three thematic groups contains articles that have made an important contribution to the advances in the history of astronomy, but the most significant results were published in the field of Copernican studies. In recent years, the range of topics covered by articles on the history of astronomy in the Quarterly has gone far beyond broadly understood Copernican studies, encompassing, for instance, such topics as ancient astronomy.
3

Research and works on the history of education in the 'Kwartalnik Historii Nauki i Techniki'

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Zasztowt L.
Kwartalnik Historii Nauki i Techniki
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2006
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vol. 51
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issue 1
67-81
EN
Studies on the history of education appeared in 'Kwartalnik Historii Nauki i Techniki' on a regular basis from the very beginning of its functioning in the second half of the 1950s. This was linked to the academic profile of the journal, among whose interests were also the history of higher education, including the history of tertiary educational institutions and the academic milieu. Much attention in the publications was devoted to the activities and achievements of tertiary schools and their professors, as well as the academic legacy of particular scholars. Finally, the scope of interest of research in the field of history of education crossed the borders of the history of science, and included related topics and issues.
4

History of the subfield chemistry in 'Kwartalnik Historii Nauki i Techniki' in the years1956-2005

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Zamecki S.
Kwartalnik Historii Nauki i Techniki
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2006
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vol. 51
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issue 1
143-163
EN
The purpose of the current paper is to give an account of the writings of authors who published studies on the history of the subfield chemistry in 'Kwartalnik Historii Nauki i Techniki' in the years 1956-2005. The approach adopted in the paper does make use of the work of authors who devoted their publication to related issues, but is above all meant to introduce a new dimension with regard to describing writings on the history of the subfield chemistry. The paper covers all the publications in the field that appeared in 'Kwartalnik Historii Nauki i Techniki', according to the sequence in which they were published and the sections in which they appeared in particular issues of the Quarterly. A general account of the subject-matter of the published materials is given, especially with regard to the studies published in the 'Articles' sections. The author of the current paper believes that the quantity and quality of the writings on the history of the subfield chemistry is impressive, both with regard to publications by Polish and foreign authors. Predominant among the studies published are those that deal with the internal history of the subfield chemistry, but there are also some studies that form part of the external variant of the history of the subfield. Problems of methodology, however, are rather infrequently tackled in the Quarterly. Within the internal history of the subfield chemistry, practically all authors are - to greater or lesser extent - influenced by the 'inductive history of science'. It is worth noting that 'Kwartalnik Historii Nauki i Techniki' has also published three autobiographies of eminent Polish chemists: Tadeusz Urbanski, Wojciech Swietoslawski and Zbigniew Ryszard Grabowski, as well as a thematic bloc covering articles on the Polish chemist Wiktor Kemula. A negative aspect of publications on the history of the subfield chemistry has to do with the diminishing number of authors in the area, and especially the lack of young authors who could fill the ever-growing generational gap in this metascience.
5

Problems of historiography in 'Kwartalnik Historii Nauki i Techniki' (1956-2005)

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Komorowski P.
Kwartalnik Historii Nauki i Techniki
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2006
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vol. 51
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issue 1
45-65
EN
The paper presents texts published in 'Kwartalnik Historii Nauki i Techniki' over the last fifty years that were devoted to historiography. The paper does not aspire to overview all such texts, and deals only with selected publications that the author considers to be the most important in the field. A number of conclusions stem from the analysed material. First of all, considering all the tetxs published in the Quarterly, it can be seen that there have been relatively few articles on historiography compared to the number of publications in other fields, such as history of the exact or natural sciences, or broadly understood humanities. There is no single explanation for that, but one factor might be that texts on historiography could be published in other journals, which were specially dedicated to historiography. Another conclusion concerns the content of the articles, which shows a lot of variation. Most articles deal with the historiography of the 18th century; there is also a substantial number of publications dealing with historiography in the 19th century. The subject-matter of the articles relates both to Polish and general (Greman, French) historiography. Among the Quarterly's publications there have also been articles that present work in the field of history by such personages as M.D. Krajewski, M. Wiszniewski or F. Konieczny. A separate - and very interesting - group of articles is made up of scholarly autobiographies. Appearing in the section 'Portraits', which carried autobiographies of Polish scientists from various disciplines, memoirs were published in the Quarterly by eminent historians such as S. Kieniewicz, H. Wereszycki, K. Górski or M. Tyrowicz. These autobiographies are of great importance for researchers of historiography. The authors of the memoirs not only gave interesting accounts of their private lives, but also presented their scholarly evolution and achievements, as well as sketched a picture of the milieu of historians.
6

The history of technology in 'Kwartalnik Historii Nauki i Techniki' (1956-2005)

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Pilatowicz J.
Kwartalnik Historii Nauki i Techniki
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2006
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vol. 51
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issue 1
165-193
EN
A major influence on the shape of articles devoted to the history of technology published in 'Kwartalnik Historii Nauki i Techniki', since its establishment in 1956 until the end of 1980s, was exerted by Professors Eugeniusz Olszewski and Tadeusz M. Nowak. The former paid attention to the information value of the journal and the latter was responsible for introducing the section 'The state of research on the history of technology in Poland', as well as for the greater coverage of military history of technology in the Quarterly. The main themes of the articles on the history of technology published in the Quarterly included the following areas: the subject-matter and the research methods of the history of technology, the relation of history of technology to other scientific disciplines, the characteristic features of the history of technology, biographies of eminent inventors, the contribution of Poles to the development of world technology, the state of research on the history of technology and the propects for its development. The articles presented in the Quarterly were meant to lead to a synthesis of the history of technology in Poland, but this aim has never been fulfilled.The author of the current paper believes that in the coming years problems are likely to appear as far the search for materials on the history of technology is concerned, due to the fact that many research institutions dealing with the field have been closed or reduced; there are also fewer young researchers interested in the history of technology. It is therefore necessary to introduce radical changes, such as have been made in the Czech Republic and Slovakia, where national museums of technology have been formed, in which activities concerned with exposition are combined with research.
7

When I was chief editor

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Stasiewicz-Jasiukowa I.
Kwartalnik Historii Nauki i Techniki
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2006
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vol. 51
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issue 1
9-35
EN
The authoress, Editor-in-Chief of 'Kwartalnik Historii Nauki i Techniki' in the years 1975-1987, recollects difficult times, encompassing both the period of martial law in Poland and the dynamic years adjacent to it. Yet, paradoxically perhaps, these years were also conducive to the development of the Quarterly, to the consolidation of its significant position in the world of science, and to the intellectual inspirations of the authoress. There were several factors that contributed to that situation: 1- The Quarterly initiated a scheme for the writing and systematic publication of scholarly autobiographies by the most eminent Polish scientists of the 20th century; 2- An active intellectual milieu which understood the sense and the social significance of the history of science and technology coalesced around the Quarterly, due to - among other things - the so-called autobiographical meetings, which brought together the scholarly and cultural elite of those times; 3- Every now and then, issues of the Quarterly were published in the major international languages, or at least thematic blocs appeared that were written in those languages, and papers by foreign authors translated into Polish were published in the Quarterly as well. She describes the context in which some of the autobiographies of eminent scientists published in the Quarterly under her stint as editor had been written and the complications that surrounded their discovery. The paper also contains letters to the authoress as editor of the Quarterly. One such letter, which is of very special value, was written by the internationally renowned scholar, Prof. Janusz Groszkowski, who explained why he could not accept the Quarterly's invitation to write an autobiography. Other letters, e.g. the letter by Prof. Zdzislaw Libera, constitute an interesting supplement to the autobiographies published in the quarterly, supplying information based on first-hand knowledge of their authors. Part of the current paper is devoted to the circumstances surrounding the plans for publishing the autobiographies that appeared in the Quarterly in a four-volume edition by the 'Mlodziezowa Agencja Wydawnicza MAW' (Youth Publishnig Agency). The first volume, which took very long to appear, never found its way to bookshops, but instead was stored for pulping. The second volumes was destroyed even before being bound; there could be no talk of publishing the remaining two volumes, as the publishing house was dissolved. In the last fragment of the paper the authoress explains the reasons for her decision to resign from the position of Editor-in-Chief of 'Kwartalnik Historii Nauki i Techniki'.
8

The history of medicine and pharmacy in 'Kwartalnik Historii Nauki i Techniki' in the years 1956-2005T

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Srogosz T.
Kwartalnik Historii Nauki i Techniki
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2006
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vol. 51
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issue 1
93-121
EN
The publications in 'Kwartalnik Historii Nauki i Techniki' in the years 1956-2005 reflected the state of Polish history of medicine and pharmacy. After the thaw of 1956, a positivist (physician-oriented) current prevailed in such publications, and that tendency grew even stronger in the 1980s. Marxist attempts at writing the history of medicine never gained a dominant position, and a gradual disppearance of that convention could observed from the 1970s onwards. Since 1993, representatives of the antipositivist (humanist) current began to publish in the Quarterly, encouraged by a conducive atmosphere in the Institute of History of Science of the Polish Academy of Sciences. The history of pharmacy, which at first was present in only negligible quantities among the Quarterly's publications, began to make its presence felt since the middle of the 1960s. Historians of pharmacy were never engaged in methodological discourse, implementing their own research programmes. The Quarterly was highly esteemed by the large and institutionalized milieu of historians of medicine, even though other journals also published studies in the history of medicine and pharmacy. The Editorial Board of the Quarterly always took care that the articles and materials should be based on sources and represented high standards of quality; the Board was also open to contributions by representatives of other disciplines and to new trends in the history of medicine. Although the existing restrictions have reduced the number of potential contributors to the Quarterly who could meet the criteria adopted by the Editorial Board, 'Kwartalnik Historii Nauki i Techniki' has, in its fifty years of existence, served as a useful platform for the exchange of scholarly views, for the emergence of new research currents and programmes, and for information on new scienticic publications and events.
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