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Public Goods in Financial Services

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EN
A gap between the governmental spending and governmental ownership in the financial sector is one of the main barriers in progress of the public finance reforms in Poland. Only a clear dividing of financial services into public and private goods and same fuzzy semi-public goods can define the scope of governmental presence in our financial service.
EN
The aim of the article is to present the relationship between the overall economic situation and the situation on the financial markets, and the consequences for the financial markets arising from it. First of all, the concept of financial instability is explained and main theories accounting for its origins are discussed. On the basis of that theoretical reflection, the author outlines the observed relation between the overall economic situation and the state of financial markets. Finally, he describes problems which economic authorities face in case of speculation bubbles' appearance.
EN
The paper aims at featuring the pension reform of 1999 apart of common beliefs and common wisdom. The analysis guided by the fundamental social problems in Poland leads to a rather pessimistic conclusion. The arrangements of the pension reform introduced after 1998 do not contribute to social security neither protect all members of the system against poverty. The World Bank-recommended arrangement, popularly called 'the second pillar', is of no help to any social question. Instead, providing funds to the financial sector seems to be a priority of the reform. Reorganization of the pension system in Poland has been inspired by development of banking and securities trading considered as a stimulus to economic growth. Then the basic motive was of economic rather than of social nature.
EN
The recent financial crisis highlighted the responsibility of inappropriate remuneration policies in financial institutions. In reaction to the crisis national and international supervisors and regulatory bodies have undertaken series of legislative initiatives to create guidelines for good corporate governance principles in remuneration policy which should be adopted in financial sector institutions. The aim of this paper is to compare the main conclusions coming from these works with the practices observed in Polish public banks.
Ekonomista
|
2006
|
issue 4
527-549
EN
The relation between the financial sector and the real economy constitutes the decisive factor that governs the way savings and investments create new physical assets and work opportunities. It is shown how the split of savings flow into primary market investments, allocations into secondary markets and to purchases of privatized companies leads to sui generis waste of savings. The author develops the thoughts contained in the book by J. Toporowski (Theories of Financial Disturbance) that had recently been published by Edward Elgar. He reviews, in direct reference to mutual interrelationships between the financial sector and the real economy, the progress made by economic theory since the classics until the recent works by economists of the end of the 20th century. The discussion of the Toporowski's theory of capital market inflation ends the article.
EN
The problem of R&D results commercialization is analyzed in light of the idea about science and innovation as the main source of economic growth of countries, civil and moral fostering of their citizens and the pillar of the statehood. Weak sides and inefficiencies of the official policy in science and technology and innovation field in Ukraine are shown by means of financial indicators of the triad 'science - technology - production' over 2000-2007. It is proved that because of the lack of effective and purposeful administrative regulators of financial flows, monetary capital flees from the material production, especially from its high tech segment. The Strategy for the Innovation-Driven Development of Ukraine, formulated for 2010-2020 with consideration to globalization challenges, is supposed to mitigate the deficiencies of the official S&T and innovation policies in Ukraine. Peculiarities of the commercial activity in Ukrainian science are shown (low domestic demand for R&D against intensive work on foreign contracts) using official statistical data on the Ukraine 2009 budgetary expenditures for science and technology activities.The significance of works by G.M.Dobrov, especially those devoted to targeted evaluation, planning and programming of R&D, which offer tools to deal with the above problems is shown in this context, with reference to some of his theoretical and methodological approaches and models.
EN
The self-organized complexity of the financial sector by the system approach application is researched. It is proposed to consider the financial sector as an integral entity within the financial system, which has key features of the “system”. It is shown that the financial sector continuously self-organizes in the process of its evolution and tends to achieve the most effective structure to the objectives of the participants of financial relations. It manifests in the adaptation of the financial sector to new economic conditions through the evolution of financial instruments and financial institutions. Moreover, in the process of financial sector evolution, there is a need to develop the flexible mechanism of its regulation for achieving and maintaining the financial stability in the economy.
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