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FORTECZNY PARK KULTUROWY – TWIERDZA KŁODZKO

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Kielar E.

Ochrona Zabytków

2007

issue 2

97-104

Fort Culture Park – Fort Kłodzko was established upon the basis of Resolution no. XLIII/ 355/2005 issued by the Town Council in Kłodzko on 27 October 2005. The Park is still being created since the local Town Commune has made full use of its statutory potential of protecting the natural and material heritage. The Kłodzko fortifications complex assumed its present-day shape in the second half of the eighteenth century. Castle Hill is the site of the Main Fort, built after redesigning and partially pulling down the earlier fortifications. An auxiliary fort with the outline of a hexagonal, irregular star was erected on Owcza Hill. In time, the progress of war technology adversely affected the military rank of both forts. Already on the eve of the Second World War the southern part of the Main Fort was open to visitors. During the war, the same Fort was adapted for the needs of a POW camp and an AEG armament factory. After the war, it was taken over by the army and a local tourist trail was opened in the early 1960s. The central part of the Fort became the site of an industrial enterprise. A major part of the Owcza Hill Fort remained unused. Both forts, with the exception of small fragments, succumbed to gradual destruction. The abandoned parts of the buildings became overgrown with wild plants, which damaged the walls, escarpments and ceilings. The ”Rosvin Wine Cellars” enterprise, which occupied the central, stately part of the Main Fort, adapted the defensive buildings for its own technological purposes by ignoring conservation restrictions. This state of affairs went on for years. At a meeting with the municipal authorities, held in 2000, representatives of the Warsaw Polytechnic, headed by Dr. Piotr Molski, proposed the formula of a Fort Culture Park, which entails protecting the whole complex. The fact that the formula in question consists not solely of passive protection but also its active counterpart and the appointment of the Park’s professional administrator, is of particular significance. The ensuing tasks will encompass the cultural-natural merits of the historical complex and commercial activity. The idea met with favourable reception. A large, considerably neglected defensive complex, assorted cultural-natural assets requiring protection, and more than 11 000 sq. metres of casemates – all these elements constituted obvious premises for including the Kłodzko forts into the proposed protection formula. In June 2005 the Town Council passed a resolution on the establishment of a park. In March 2006 it set up a Consultation-Scientific Council, which first met in April. A protection plan was commissioned, and an archival survey was carried out in the pertinent collections of Berlin archives. The first in a series of Kłodzko Fort Days was held during the last weekend in August, enhanced with a battle waged by a regiment from Kłodzko. For the first time the local inhabitants and visitors enjoyed an opportunity to tour the former industrial area. After the bankruptcy and closure of the enterprise, the voivode entrusted the city with the post-industrial part of the Main Fort, which, subsequently, was handed over to the Sport and Recreation Centre, which runs the adjoining tourist section. The temporary administrator uses the funds provided by the Town Council for putting the former industrial area into order. Simultaneous discussions concern the creation of an organisation unit, which will administer the Park. At the moment, opinions about unit’s character and financing remain divided. Planned large-scale conservation and restoration are to be inaugurated in the near future. The initial objective involves removing all threats, repairing the most damaged fragments, and eliminating unwanted plants in accordance with earlier prepared documentation. This stage will be followed by gradual revitalisation, with due concern for conservation and protection directives as regards the use and access of this valuable seventeenth- and eighteenth-century defensive complex.

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FORTECZNY PARK KULTUROWY – TWIERDZA KŁODZKO