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O Fado de Coimbra e Património da Humanidade

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Korobczak-Dominguez A.
Academic Journal of Modern Philology
|
2012
|
vol. 1
45-55
EN
Fado from Coimbra and World Heritage On 27 November 2011 fado – a traditional Portuguese music – was added to the World Site of Intangible Heritage UNESCO, which provided an opportunity to create this article. The following publication presents a history and origin of fado: the meaning of its name and its linguistic provenience. Article shows roots of this genre of music – its evolution from an African dance lundum to another called “fado”; its migration from Brazil to Portugal; its turning into a song full of melancholy and longing. The sense of Portuguese’s beloved word “saudade” is being explained, as well as the variations of fado music that have led it to the concert halls in the 21st century. The article, farther more, describes two common variations of this kind of music, i.e. fado from Coimbra and fado from Lisbon, concentrating on main differences, such as their subject matter, structure of pieces, key and manner of performance, the source of which can be found in their origin. The text considers whether “fado” is a proper name of a song of Coimbra, or not. The aim of the article is to introduce a dispute about the “real” fado, that has been going on between followers of both trends for years and to answer a question why the fado from Lisbon was added to the UNESCO list.
2

How can culturally infused Portuguese words be translated into Polish/English?

67%
Jankowski J.
Białostockie Archiwum Językowe
|
2015
|
vol. 15
EN
How to translate culturally infused words is indeed the question that becomes more complicated as the cultural turn in Translation Studies (TS) takes place. The task for translators has become not only to make a linguistic transfer but a cultural one as well. In this essay I shall discuss how to deal with some Portuguese words that may be regarded as crucial to defining Portuguese culture. I will focus on words and terms that ask for an understanding and reception mainly at the cultural level. One should keep in mind that knowledge is the key here, as it will be necessary to know something about both source and target culture to find out not only the best solution in translation for these words, but to understand them as well. I will study the process of translation as a process of making certain decisions. I will try to show not only that direct translation is complex, but also that the way we translate those words also differs between a historical book and a comedy film, between a poem translation and a juvenile book translation, etc. As a methodology I shall study this cultureoriented translatological phenomenon under the dominant in translations (as defined by Anna Bednarczyk), the elements that determine translation (loosely based on Werner Koller’s ideas), and the great classic Jiří Levý and his vision of translation as a process of making decisions. I will present different paradigms in order to work out the possible solutions.
PL
Sposób tłumaczenia słów nacechowanych kulturowo jest zadaniem, które skomplikowało się wraz z tzw. zwrotem kulturowym w translatoryce. Wraz z nim zadanie tłumaczy wykroczyło poza transfer językowy, obejmując również transfer kulturowy. W tym eseju skupię się na strategiach przekładoznawczych, które można zastosować dla wybranych portugalskich słów, kluczowych dla zdefiniowania portugalskiej kultury. Będą to słowa i terminy, które wymagają zrozumienia i recepcji przede wszystkim na poziomie kulturowym. Bez posiadania wiedzy o realiach portugalskich, która jest w tym wypadku kluczem do translatorskiego sukcesu, niemożliwe będzie zrozumienie, a co za tym idzie i przełożenie danych słów i terminów. Postaram się prześledzić proces przekładu jako proces podejmowania decyzji. Postaram się również wykazać, że nie tylko bezpośrednie tłumaczenie jest procesem złożonym, ale konkretne wybory są również determinowane przez gatunkową przynależność danego tekstu. Metodologicznie odwołam się do konceptu dominanty (w ujęciu Anny Bednarczyk), do czynników determinujących przekład (swobodnie opierając się na pomysłach Wernera Kollera) oraz do klasycznego modelu przekładu jako procesu podejmowania decyzji (Jiří Levý). W tym duchu zaprezentowane zostaną paradygmaty celem wypracowania możliwych rozwiązań translatologicznych.
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