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PL
The article presents the statements of selected Church Fathers (4th-5th centuries) concerning the Beatitude “Blessed are the pure in heart, for they will see God” (Mt 5:8), spoken by Jesus in the Sermon on the Mount. They emphasise that during the earthly life man can only see the reflection of God if his heart is pure. Since man was created in the image and likeness of God, he carries this image in his heart, but this image was polluted by sin. Therefore, one should purify the heart by renouncing sins and developing virtues. The most important comments on this issue were expressed by St Gregory of Nyssa and St Augustine.
EN
The proposed topic allows to learn about the scientific activity of the Wielkopolska researchers of the early Christian Church: Jan Sajdak (1882–1967), priest Józef Nowacki (1893–1964), priest Bronisaw Gadysz (1892–1943) and priest Ludwik Gadyszewski (1932–2009). They contributed to the development of patristics not only in Wielkopolska, but also in Poland and in the world. Wielkopolska is also associated with the Scriptures of the Fathers of the Church in which translations of writers of the first centuries of Christianity are published. Patrology textbooks have also been published. The most important of them was written by the priest Szczepan Piestoch and is intended especially for students of theology. Wielkopolska is also a Faculty of Theology which has been operating since 1998 at the University of Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznan. It includes the Department of Patristic Theology and currently the Department of Patristic Theology and Church History. Under the supervision of the faculty lecturers doctoral theses, master’s and bachelor’s the- ses, as well as monographs related to the period of Christian antiquity are prepared.
PL
Artykuł obejmuje okres od najstarszych dokumentów chrześcijańskich do początku średniowiecza, czyli od Ojców Apostolskich, poprzez nauczanie najbardziej znaczących pisarzy starochrześcijańskich, oficjalne wypowiedzi synodów aż do momentu wprowadzenia Ksiąg Penitencjalnych. W czasach Ojców Kościoła osąd moralny aborcji był zawsze negatywny. Pomimo wątpliwości co do momentu animacji płodu, oficjalna nauka Kościoła na temat aborcji pozostawała zawsze niezmienna, a samo przestępstwo było najsurowiej karane, o czym świadczą uchwały najstarszych synodów i surowe pokuty wyznaczane przez Księgi Penitencjalne.
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On the text structure and sources of K. Sirvydas’ book of sermons (Punktai sakymų – Punkty Kazań)The Jesuit priest Konstantinas Sirvydas (~1580–1631) was one of the most multitalented and creative intellectuals in Lithuania in the 17th century. Using his vast experience as a professor of Vilnius University and a preacher, he compiled two different versions of a trilingual Latin-Polish-Lithuanian dictionary (~1620 and 1631), and wrote the book of sermons Punktai sakymų (‘Points of Gospel’). The importance of this book of sermons for the Lithuanian culture is immeasurable and it is considered the first book of original sermons written in Lithuanian and the first translation from Lithuanian into another language, i.e. into Polish. This book is often deemed the first original book written in Lithuanian. Unfortunately, its textual structure and its sources have not been properly evaluated and described yet. When preparing this scientific edition of his book, it appeared that its text is mostly comprised of: (1) citations from the Holy Scriptures, and paraphrases and allusions to them; (2) citations and paraphrases or allusions to works by the Church Fathers, Saints, Roman authors, etc.; and, finally, (3) Sirvydas’ original text – his commentaries and interpretations on citations, etc. There are citations from most of the books of the Old and New Testament. In his book Sirvydas uses 150 different biblical names. He also quotes from the Church Fathers, French theologians and thinkers, and from the Saints. We mostly find exact word-byword citations from Vulgate in his sermons – not paraphrases or allusions. These citations are the first published fragments from the Holy Scriptures in Lithuanian in the Grand Duchy of Lithuania. With this background information we may to hypothesize that during the first quarter of the 17th century, there might have existed an unknown translation (probably some manuscript) of the Holy Scriptures in Lithuanian. О тексте и источниках сборника проповедей Punktai sakymų (Punkty kazań) Константина ШирвидаKoнстантин Ширвид (~ 1580–1631) однa из самых универсальных и интеллектуальных личностей, живших и работавших в XVII веке в Литве. K. Ширвид подготовил два издания словаря Dicionarium trium linguarum (~ 1620, 1631) и издал проповеди в виде пунктов Punktai sakymų (PS). Значение PS для литовской культуры огромно. PS считаются первым оригинальным сборником проповедей в Литве и первой литовской книгой, переведенной на польский язык. Однако до сих пор cтoль важный для литовской культуры текст не был изучен и подробно описан. В процессе анализа текста выяснилось, что структура его довольно многогранна. Текст PS состоит из нескольких слоев: (1) цитат и аллюзий Библии; (2) цитат трудов отцов Церкви, цитат или аллюзий других авторов: римских писателей, протестантских авторов, святых; (3) авторского текста самого К. Ширвида, который часто принимает форму комментария к приведенным цитатам. Автор в тексте проповедей цитирует большинство книг Ветхого и Нового Завета. В проповеди упомянуто 150 библейских имен. К. Ширвид цитирует также отцов Церкви и французских богословов и мыслителей, святых. Цитаты из Ветхого и Нового Завета являются одним из первых фрагментов перевода на литовский язык Святого Писания в Великом княжестве Литовском.
Verbum Vitae
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2011
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vol. 20
207-221
EN
Paternity of Abraham was very obvious in the biblical time. Israelites treated him as their father who was chosen by God. They believed next generation would be blessed because of God’s promise for Abraham. Also arising Christianity treated him as a progenitor. But a character of his paternity changed. Christians put an accent of his very strong faith instead of physical aspect of his fatherhood. Fathers’ of the Church teaching came in the same way, although they saw him also as an example of father in the physical aspect.
EN
It may seem that the main goal of the parable of the lost sheep (Mt 18, 12-14; Lk 15, 4-7) is to make us aware how much God loves sinners and how deeply He wants to regain them. The Fathers of the Church, of course, knew that kind of interpretation, nevertheless very early in history they started to apply a com­pletely different explanation to the lost and found sheep. Already in the 2nd cen­tury we can find the statement that the sheep is not a single sinner but the entire human nature, which got lost through the original sin committed by Adam and was found and renewed thanks to the incarnation of God’s Son. In the Antiquity, it was universally believed that human life had a common dimension. That belief was a great part of ancient philosophy as well as the biblical tradition. Some of the Fathers understood the communion even deeper than others as they imagined the humanity as a living organic entity. The concept of the ontological unity of human nature was developed mostly by three Fathers: Irenaeus (2nd century), Methodius of Olympus (died c. 311) and Gregory of Nyssa (died c. 394). All three of them used the parable of the lost sheep as an example that could explain this doctrine. Besides, two more Fathers, Origen and Ambrose of Milan, spoke about the unity of the humanity when they explained the parable of the lost sheep, though their interpretation of this unity is completely different. However all five Fathers have something in common, which allows me to compare their deliberations on the parable together.
EN
The article points to a relationship between Mikołaj Mieleszko’s Nabożne westchnienia and meditations, and shows the meditative character of the baroque emblematic works. It also presents the division of the work into three books introduced by Mieleszko, which can be referred to the model of a three-stage mystical way to God (via purgativa, via illuminativa, via unitiva), used by St. Ignatius of Loyola (but knowing by Pseudo-Dionysius The Areopagite and fully expressed by St. Bonaventure). Moreover, it discusses the participation of human faculties in the emblems: memory, intellect, will, imagination, and feelings, which are so important for the act of meditation. Above all, emphasis is put on the goal of the reflections presented by Mieleszko in the subscriptio; they were supposed to touch the soul and convince one to a spiritual transformation. They were, therefore, just like meditations, a way of achieving inner growth.
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Vox Patrum
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2007
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vol. 50
13-49
EN
Patristic catechesis of Pope Benedict XVI preached during Wednesday's audience.
PL
Patrystyczne katechezy papieża Benedykta XVI głoszone podczas audiencji środowych.
EN
The author takes the problem of visibility of God in the world, especially after coming of Jesus Christ. Very important to him is the sentence of Saint Leo the Great: all what was visible in Christ transformed in holy sacraments. So, for all people, who participate in the Christian liturgy is more necessary to see, what is unseen; than to see what is seen. Reality unseen lasts; all what is seen – passes.
EN
This article reflects on tradition’s relationship to the present by considering issues pertaining to dogmatic theology. Such a reflection makes it easier to understand the inestimable role of Tradition in dogmatic theology, which links the course of human history with salvation history. Each person regardless of the time or geographical location in which he lives is invited into the dialogue of salvation. Dogmatic theology correlatively conjoins the metahistorical truth of salvation as none other than the irreplaceable and only existential content that is proper to the mentality of the man of every era. The theological interpretation of existential matter cannot avoid the changing historical and cultural reality of life. A mutual relationship and interdependence exists between the theology of yesterday and the theology of tomorrow, of biblical theology and Tradition and the ongoing theology of life and signs of the time. This article describes (1) the lasting value of Tradition, (2) its timeliness during this time of anthropological upheaval, and (3) the problem of understanding today.
PL
Podjęta w artykule refleksja nad relacją tradycji do współczesności przez problematykę teologii dogmatycznej ma być wsparciem w rozumieniu niezastąpionej roli tej dziedziny, która łączy bieg historii dziejów ludzkości z historią Zbawienia. Każdy bowiem człowiek bez względu na epokę czy przestrzeń geograficzną, w której żyje jest zaproszony do dialogu Zbawienia. Teologia dogmatyczna towarzyszy wysiłkom swoich ekspertów korelacyjnie wiążąc prawdę metahistoryczną Zbawienia jako niczym nie zastąpioną jedyną treść egzystencjalną właściwą mentalności człowieka każdej epoki. Interpretacja teologiczna treści egzystencjalnych nie może unikać konfrontacji ze zmieniającą się rzeczywistością historyczno-kulturową życia. Istnieje wzajemny związek, współzależność pomiędzy teologią wczoraj a teologią jutra, teologią biblijną i Tradycją z obecnie trwającą teologią życia i znaków czasu. Treść artykułu opisuje nieprzemijającą wartość Tradycji (1), jej aktualność w okresie przewrotu antropologicznego (2) jak też problem rozumienia dzisiaj (3).
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content of publications
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wykaz publikacji
EN
bibliography
PL
bibliografia
14
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Przegląd czasopism

63%
Vox Patrum
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1986
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vol. 10
411-422
EN
bibliography
PL
bibliografia
IT
Nel presente articolo viene esminato to svituppo detta mariotogia patristica nelle sue tinee essenziati, cioe queila cristoiogica e quella ecctesiate. Si tratta di vedere come fu impostata la mariologia dei Padri in riferimento a Cristo e in riferimanto alla Chiesa, per poter interpretare adeguatamente il ritorno del Concilio Vaticano II alla stessa impostazione.
EN
Meritum maximum Leocadiae Małunowicz fundatio Instituti Antiquitatis Christianae Catholicae Universitatis Lubłinensis anno MCMLXIX fuit, cuius moderator hoc tempore Stanisłaus Longosz est.
EN
Dieser Artikel bildet einen Versuch der Umstrukturierung von Lehrstiihle der Patrologie an der Katholischen Universitat Lublin ab. Neben dem geschichtliche Vorgang stellte man die verschiedenen Untersuchungsrichtungen vor, die in der Anlehnung an das Erbe von Kirchenvatern, genauso vom Westen wie auch vom Osten, durchfiihrt wurde. AuBerdem wird die gesamte Arbeit des patristischenseminars, das am Lehrstuhl der Patrologie veranstaltet ist, aus den verschiedenen Ansichten, genauso die wissenschaftliche, als auch die organisatorische, ausgearbeitet.
EN
The above article presents the concepts of holiness developed in the patristic period by the Church Fathers and early Christian writers. Ancient Christianity has not worked out one specific model of holiness. Attempts of this kind of unification in the Western Church did not appear until the time of the scholastic theology and medieval legal theology of canonization. For patristic theology only God is holy in the full and the only sense, the holiness of a man and the things is a derivative of a relationship to this fundamental source of holiness. The article consists of two major parts: in the first – Indications of holiness – different meanings of holiness and realities referred as holy by early Christian writers have been presented. In the second part – The ways to holiness – five, the most common in the writings of the Church Fathers, concepts of holiness and sanctification of man were presented, among which we can distinguish: a deification of man, man’s sanctification in the Holy Spirit, the sanctification of man in grace, the perfection and holiness of man as a model of life promoted by the Church. To understand modern understanding of holiness and to present as a whole the issue of holiness one must consult the Tradition of the Church in the first centuries, and the writers who not only wrote about holiness, but in many cases they have become saints.
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Zapowiedzi wydawnicze

63%
Vox Patrum
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1983
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vol. 4
337-342
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bibliography
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bibliografia
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Perspektywy Kultury
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2019
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vol. 27
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issue 4
41-62
EN
The aim of the article is to present the model features that charac­terized the theological reflection of the patristic era. The list would comprise of the following: focus on both God and man; recognition of the Holy Scriptures as the most significant reference point of any theological reflection; ability to use elements drawn from both cul­tures, the Semitic and Hellenic one, in the creation of the basics of Christian theology; striving to organize and define basic truths of faith regarding the Holy Trinity and the person of Jesus Christ; maintaining the attitude of humility in the process of knowing God; internal unity and coherence of theological thought; spiritual depth of thinking and existential identification with the confessed truths of faith. The above­mentioned features of theology to which the Fathers of the Church point define its identity as a scientific discipline and can as well revive a contemporary manner of practicing.
PL
Celem artykułu jest przedstawienie modelowych cech, jakimi cha­rakteryzowała się refleksja teologiczna doby patrystycznej. Są to: nierozłączne ukierunkowanie na Boga i na człowieka; uznanie Pisma Świętego za najważniejszy punkt odniesienia każdej refleksji teolo­gicznej; umiejętność wykorzystania w tworzeniu podstaw teologii chrześcijańskiej elementów zaczerpniętych z obu kultur, w których otoczeniu pojawiła się nowa religia, zarówno semickiej, jak i helleń­skiej; dążenie do uporządkowania i zdefiniowania podstawowych prawd wiary dotyczących Trójcy Świętej i osoby Jezusa Chrystusa; zachowanie postawy pokory w procesie poznania Boga; wewnętrzna jedność i spójność myśli teologicznej; duchowa głębia myślenia i egzy­stencjalne utożsamianie się z wyznawanymi prawdami wiary. Powyż­sze cechy teologii, na które zwrócili uwagę Ojcowie Kościoła, decydują o jej tożsamości i mogą ożywić także dzisiejszy sposób jej uprawiania.
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