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1

Ethnic Accommodation in Oceania: Instances from Fiji, Papua New Guinea, and Solomon Islands

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Hassall G.

Acta Asiatica Varsoviensia

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2017

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vol. Tom 1

29-39

EN

The paper provides an overview of the ways in which recent tensions between ethnic groups in Oceania have been accommodated. It focuses on three cases from the Southwest Pacific: Fiji, Papua New Guinea, and the Solomon Islands, in order to make a comparative note about the circumstances of these contexts in which constitutional exercises have followed violent conflict.

2

Kadavu Island: adaptation and stagnation in the Fijian periphery

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Sofer M.

Miscellanea Geographica. Regional Studies on Development

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2015

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vol. 19

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issue 2

14-20

EN

The outer island of Kadavu is representative of the Fijian periphery. This paper deals with its physical characteristics, infrastructural conditions, and village economic activities with the aim of understanding the changes it has gone through in recent years. A combination of micro-geographic studies in two villages and a meso-geographical analysis show that the pattern of development found in Kadavu in the early 1980s has not changed much. The current pattern of cash crop production and trade is almost entirely dependent on the kava beverage crop, infrastructure is underdeveloped, the island suffers from the peripheral penalty phenomenon, and government initiatives aimed at changing the trend are very limited. However, the current form of non-capitalist production and its derived benefit has forced villagers into a strategy of adaptation which might actually be preferable for them under the current conditions of peripheralization.

3

The state-building process in the South Pacific – the Fiji case

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Brudnicka J.

Securitologia

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2016

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issue 2 (24)

63-71

EN

For almost two decades, since obtaining independence, Fiji has been viewed as an example of perfect and successful operating democracy. There had been many internationally recognised indicators proving the effectiveness of this political system, both for security and economic prosperity. Then, everything collapsed. While the explanation for the conflicts occured in the small island region is often summarized very sketchy in a general phrase „ethnic tensions”, in fact, the problems are far more complex. It has been pointed out that where such tensions do exist, they are usually accompanied by other factors, such as disputes over lands, economic disparities and a lack of confidence in the government’s ability or the willingness to solve the basic problems. Similar pattern can be observed in Europe and North America, where the institutional system was unable to survive in the past over petrified also in XIXth century traditional tribal structure. Liberal democracy is simply unable to deal and cope with problems generated by the society of different mentality and social attitudes. Nevertheless, Fijian axiological system is dominated by European protestant values, so the question should be raised: why Westerners from Europe, the United States, Australia, New Zealand failed to incorporate Fiji into the system of western alliances? Why did they leave an open and empty space for Russian and Chinese infiltration?

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1 Acta Asiatica Varsoviensia

1 Miscellanea Geographica. Regional Studies on Development

1 Securitologia

1 2017

1 2016

1 2015

1 Brudnicka J.

1 Hassall G.

1 Sofer M.

Ethnic Accommodation in Oceania: Instances from Fiji, Papua New Guinea, and Solomon Islands

Kadavu Island: adaptation and stagnation in the Fijian periphery

The state-building process in the South Pacific – the Fiji case