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Wpływ reguł fiskalnych na ograniczenie deficytu i długu publicznego w państwach członkowskich Unii Europejskiej

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Dziemianowicz R. I., Kargol-Wasiluk A.
Studia Ekonomiczne
|
2018
|
vol. 358
53-67
PL
Celem artykułu jest analiza wpływu reguł fiskalnych, obowiązujących w krajach UE, na ograniczenie deficytu i długu publicznego. Badania dotyczą okresu 2007-2016 i zostały przeprowadzone na podstawie danych pochodzących z baz Eurostatu i Komisji Europejskiej. Opierając się na analizie indeksów reguł fiskalnych (FRI) w państwach członkowskich UE, zauważono, że niemal we wszystkich krajach wartość badanego indeksu wzrosła, jednakże jego wysoki poziom nie zawsze jest dodatnio skorelowany z niskim poziomem długu publicznego. Jednocześnie można wskazać wyraźny związek między wartością FRI i deficytu budżetowego.
EN
The article aims to examine the relationship between the value of the fiscal rules index (FRI) and the level of budget deficit and public debt in the EU Member States. To carry out the study a descriptive method with elements of the analysis of statistical data was used. The analysis was mainly conducted on the basis of literature dedicated to the fiscal policy and numerical fiscal rules. Research was conducted on the basis of the European Commission and Eurostat data set (for years 2007-2016). Review of literature and the experience of European countries show that different types of fiscal rules are not equally effective in reducing the fiscal imbalance, however if wellconstructed they can, along with other budgetary institutions, support measures aiming to reduce the public debt and reduce the fiscal policy pro-cyclicality. Based on the analysis of fiscal indices in the period of 2007-2016 in different EU Member States, it may be concluded that the value of the reviewed index increased in 27 of them. Comparison of the values of the fiscal rule index with the budgetary performance (budget deficit and public debt level) shows that its high level is not evidently correlated with the low level of public debt, with a more visible positive influence on the budget deficit level.
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