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EN
Seen through the perspective of reception, the works of Witold Gombrowicz constitute a wide range of receptive proposals, selectively updated in the constant dynamic of the interactive discourse between the literary subject and the reader. The reader is invited in a covert partnership with his communication peer (the author–the producer) in their joint journey to the own polyphonic, unidentifiable, mutational ego. The relation to the self, as permanently disputed by otherness, finds its artistic application through the comic as the most powerful weapon against the Form, both in the field of the author and of the recipient.
Kwartalnik Prawa Prywatnego
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2012
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vol. 21
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issue 2
419 -527
EN
There is no unlimited principle of liberty in regard to form of last will and testament in the United States law. Subject to statutory regulation on the contrary, a testament shall not be valid, unless made in accordance with formalities prescribed by statutes of wills. Therefore the testator has the right to make a testament only in such form that is provided by a wills act. In this article author discusses the question of form of last will and testament in the United States law (more precisely: laws of states forming the United States). However, a detailed description of each formal requirement of every testament’s form prescribed by states’ laws is not the aim of this study. The references to concrete testamentary formalities are made only when it is useful in analysis of general solutions applied in the field of forms of testament. Moreover, the scope of this study is limited only to two forms of testaments, which are the most popular forms in American statutes of wills, i.e. formal will (also known as: witnessed or attested will) and holographic will. It is not the purpose of this article to examine other forms of testament provided by states’ laws (e.g. notarial testament, oral will, soldiers’ and sailors’ will, military testamentary instrument, electronic will). In this article, the main focus is placed on issues relating to the formalism of American regulations concerning the forms of testament. In author’s opinion, the formalism should not be identified only with the doctrine of strict compliance (i.e. restrictive interpretation of statutes prescribing formal requirements of will). The concept of formalism should be read more broadly. Formalism is typical phenomenon of every regulation regarding form of testament (with the exception of total lack of formalities). However, a level of formalism may be different. It is affected mainly by the content of statute of wills and the method of judicial interpretation of that statute of wills. After discussion on preliminary issues, the paper presents the changes in respect to formalism that have been made over the years in American: law, judicial practice and legal science. First of all, author analyses the traditional approach to form of testament and the formalism connected with it, i.e. mainly the doctrine of strict compliance and regulations regarding formal requirements in force before. Secondly, he discusses the trend occurring in the United States to reduce the formalism. Those remarks concern the legislative changes in that respect and judicial approval of the doctrine of substantial (sufficient) compliance. Author examines also some doctrines proposed in literature, i.e. substantial compliance doctrine (by Prof. J.H. Langbein) and dispensing power (harmless error) doctrine. In the last chapter author presents the conclusions.
EN
The article examines the understanding of personal identity based on a contemporary interpretation of Aquinas’s teaching. The author surveys Aquinas’ statements on this topic in several of his works. The author continues with an examination of the views of prominent authors on this issue and then pursues and develops a justification for his own solution. It is argued that according to Aquinas the principle of personal identity consists in the form that is directed towards a connection with a particular matter. Moreover, the author offers a suggestion as to how to position Aquinas’ stance on the issue within the context of current debates on the topic. According to Aquinas, a resurrected person has his/her existence intermitted, since as a separated soul this person is not a person in a strict sense as an complete substance. This view makes Aquinas a corruptionst. However, in a weak sense as an incomplete substance, a separated soul could still be considered a human person – a view that is in fact held by some recent and contemporary Thomists.
Studia Slavica
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2013
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vol. 17
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issue 1
23-32
EN
The avowed “atheist” Witold Gombrowicz is secretly worshipping the greatness of Spirit, covertly searching its traces in the In-Between-The-Forms. In the permanent oscillation between two Forms, the author builds a marvellous and invisible Spiritual tower, whose mimicking hypostases (incarnations) fill even the Interpersonal (“Godless”) Temple. The “sacral” ugliness of Yvonne “unearths” the spiritual embryos of the “sophisticated” royal society and reflecting its outlook, deformed by Spirit triggered scruples, causes her own death, bearing the sadistic seal of her aristocratic environment (Yvonne, Princess of Burgundy). The Spirit peers through and spills its magic into Fryderyk’s Director project, while it has fully infiltrated the love-filled space of Youth and Immaturity (Pornography). Pierced by the shattering Spiritual presence, Henryk cannot accept his own alignment with God and issues his own death sentence (Wedding), while the omnipotent Universe, run by the Spirit, sends the narrator a system of paradigms for proper appropriate decoding (Universe)…
EN
He reminds of the monument-like heroes from Wiszniewski’s films, like protagonist from Wanda Gościmińska. Visual creativity in Koszałka’s and Wiszniewski’s films encompasses the staging, precise frame composition, and their intentional artificiality, which does not nullify the documentary nature. Form in the works of the directors of Primer (Wiszniewski) and Declaration of Immortality (Koszałka) interacts more or less with the spirit of Stanisław Witkiewicz’s art.
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51%
EN
The editor-in-chief’s preface devoted to the key ideas for the contemporary literary and cultural theory, which introduces the debates foregrounded in this issue.
PL
Wstęp autorstwa redaktora naczelnego wprowadzający kluczowe zagadnienia dla współczesnej teorii literatury i kultury, a także komentujący zagadnienia, którym poświęcony jest niniejszy numer.
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Anima forma corporis: problém interpretace

51%
EN
The article raises the question about the content of the Catholic dogma defined at the Council of Vienne stating that the rational human soul is the form of the human body and arrives at the conclusion that there is no single generally accepted meaning in the theological tradition, but rather two radically differing lines of interpretation: a “thomistic” one tending to a more “monistic” interpretation of human nature, and a “reistic” one, resulting in a strongly pronounced dualism. Both of the interpretations are found to be laden with serious difficulties; the author contrasts various aspects of these interpretations, exposing their problems, and finally suggests that further philosophical and theological work is needed to provide an acceptable interpretation of the dogma of Vienne.
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