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EN
In this commentary, I applaud Glăveanu’s attempts to shake things up and introduce some much-needed disruption into the study of creativity. Glăveanu is a “ big thinker” and he is correct to worry about the growing fragmentation of the field. I share his concern that the so-called “ social psychology of creativity” really isn’t all that social. Most researchers and theorists continue to decontextualize creativity, giving little attention to the cultural and environmental factors that contribute to creativity of performance. Yet Glăveanu also presents some arguments with which I disagree. Most striking is his apparent misunderstanding of the purpose and functioning of the Consensual Assessment Technique (CAT). In addition, I am less surprised than is Glăveanu about the current state of our field. The same narrowing of research questions plagues every branch of the study of psychology. However, the tides may be changing. At the forefront of a reform movement are a number of creativity theorists and journal editors. My own hope is that as researchers are given license to expand their work to include a wide variety of experimental designs, methodologies and contexts, they will adopt as their core mission the promotion of the growth of creativity at the individual, group, societal and multi-cultural levels.
EN
Slovenian communities were eager to re-establish autonomous local governments after the introduction of democracy. These newly established municipalities corresponded territorially to the previous regime’s local communities; however, only 194 municipalities were formed from over 1,200 communities. Some municipalities comprised a cluster of communities, some of which later became proponents of splits, due to the sense that they were being neglected by the rest of the municipality and in the hope of receiving more funds as separate municipalities. Although stricter criteria for establishing municipalities were imposed and the scope of formal initiators was narrowed to limit the splits, the proponents found loopholes in the form of political patrons (deputies) and, as a last resort, sought justice from the constitutional court. The splits occurred in both underdeveloped and developed municipalities. The breakaway municipalities were not more developed than the mother municipality; about a third were less developed. There were no clear financial advantages in creating separate municipalities.
EN
This paper analyses the impact of international fragmentation of production on comparative advantage of European Union countries in international trade. Fragmentation is measured by new method based on the concept value-added trade by decomposition of total value added trade into domestic value added and foreign value added content of export. The analysis used two main data sources: OECD-WTO Trade in Value Added Database (TIVA), and World Input- Output Database. Foreign value added affected EU Member States comparative advantage – its impact on various industries was adverse. In some cases it improved RCA indexes while in others using domestic value added for the calculations resulted in a larger comparative advantage.
PL
Przedmiotem opracowania jest analiza wpływu globalnych łańcuchów wartości dodanej i międzynarodowej fragmentaryzacji procesów produkcji na rozwój eksportu krajów strefy euro. Fragmentaryzacja została oszacowana za pomocą nowej metody opartej na koncepcji wartości dodanej w handlu poprzez dekompozycję całkowitej wartości dodanej na krajową i zagraniczną wartość dodaną wyrażoną w eksporcie całkowitym. W analizie wykorzystano dwa podstawowe źródła danych: OECD-WTO Trade in Value Added Database (TIVA) oraz World Input-Output Database.
EN
This paper analyses the impact of global value chains and international fragmentation of production on euro area countries exports. Fragmentation is measured by new method based on the concept value-added trade by decomposition of total value added trade into domestic value added and foreign value added content of export. The analysis used two main data sources: OECD-WTO Trade in Value Added Database (TIVA), and World Input-Output Database.
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