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EN
The authoress compares advantages and disadvantages of measures of positive discrimination and strategies of gender mainstreaming. At the beginning she describes the history of both measures and she focuses on their use for the purposes of gender equality. Whereas the authoress criticizes measures of positive discrimination on the basis of its stigmatizing and categorizing potential effect, she highlights the strategies of gender mainstreaming because of their neutral definitions and preventive character. In particular, she criticizes quotas that in her opinion add members of disadvantaged groups to the system without changing its systemic oppressive nature and thus stabilize institutional oppression. Nevertheless, she draws attention to a demerit of measures of gender mainstreaming as well. Namely she mentions the risk that gender mainstreaming would become measure for its own sake and that general use of these strategies would lead to 'gender oversaturation'. (www.genderonline.cz/view.php?cisloclanku=2006020603)
EN
The European Union is as well economic community, as a social, political and axiological one. Equal treatment of women and men is one of the priorities of the Community. Their implementation requires the introduction of a new politics of equality - gender mainstreaming. It means taking into consideration social and cultural aspect of sex (gender) in all areas of life and activities of EU, among others - in education.The article is an attempt to present European and Polish policies in the area of gender equality, including legal regulations into the matter. It also contains an analysis of chosen elements of the Polish educational system from the perspective of equal rights. A peculiar supplement to the discussed issues are statements of students on a subject: does contemporary university consider gender in its organisation and didactic offer?
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EN
The paper deals with the topic of gender equality perception in Slovakia. As an EU member since May 2004, Slovakia has introduced many anti discriminatory measures as a part of the accession process. An important part in the evaluation of the success rate of such measures is the collection of gender sensitive data. This study works with such data collected by a project supported by the EQUAL initiative. A comparison of public opinion perception of gender based inequalities in the Slovak labour market between 2002 and 2006 shows a relatively stable picture although some shifts towards the more 'household work doing men' and a dual career family can be observed. Even though the feeling that women assert their rights more is stronger then in 2002 some paradoxes do exist. Contrary to the EU average the public opinion in Slovakia sees the NGOs and the EU as the combatants of the discrimination rather than the national governments or the parliament. The article concludes with an appeal for collecting of sex segregated data and gender statistics as it sees them being essential for social theory building as well as for better social policy decisions.
EN
Adopting a research perspective characteristic of feminist linguistics, the author examines several textbooks and teaching aids that have been published since 2004, the year Poland entered the European Union and the gender mainstreaming strategy was systematically applied in all areas of social and political life. The analysed texts include both positive examples of the application of the linguistic symmetry principle or a gender-neutral language, and examples of extremely androcentric linguistic messages.
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