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EN
Revitalization activities are one of the priority tasks of local governments of small towns in Poland, because they give a chance to use EU funds. The basic steps in the procedure for defining areas of revitalization include delimitation and index analysis. Currently, statistical data and those from social consultations are most often used for it. The aim of the article is to indicate GIS techniques as a tool enabling an extended diagnosis leading to the designation of crisis areas.
PL
Działania rewitalizacyjne stanowią jedne z priorytetowych zadań samorządów w Polsce, ponieważ dają szansę na wykorzystanie funduszy unijnych. Do podstawowych kroków procedury definiowania obszarów rewitalizowanych należy delimitacja pól podstawowych oraz analiza wskaźnikowa. Obecnie najczęściej wykorzystuje się do niej dane statystyczne oraz te pochodzące z konsultacji społecznych. Celem artykułu jest wskazanie technik GIS jako narzędzia umożliwiającego rozszerzoną diagnozę prowadzącą do wyznaczenia obszarów kryzysowych.
EN
ABSTRACT: The aim of this study is to present methods for the harmonization and integration of detailed planning data for the use of them to analyse the determinants of development at the local level. The study is based on the data for the municipalities of the district of Poznan. Each of the planning documents was georefernced using topographic maps. The next step was the vectorization of individual polygons giving them a value consistent with those in the legend and the description of each of the studies. Harmonisation between the municipalities were done in order to enable analysis on a regional scale.
PL
ABSTRAKT: Celem opracowania jest przedstawienie metod harmonizacji i integracji szczegółowych danych planistycznych na potrzeby zastosowania ich do analizy uwarunkowań rozwoju na poziomie lokalnym. W opracowaniu wykorzystano dane dla gmin powiatu poznańskiego. Każdemu ze studiów uwarunkowań i kierunków zagospodarowania przestrzennego nadano georeferencje, korzystając z podkładów topograficznych. Następnym krokiem była wektoryzacja poszczególnych wydzieleń oraz nadanie im wartości zgodnych z zawartymi w legendzie i opisie każdego ze studiów. W celu umożliwienia analiz w skali lokalnej dokonano harmonizacji wydzieleń pomiędzy poszczególnymi gminami.
PL
W artykule podjęto temat możliwości wykorzystania wolnego oprogramowania z dziedziny Systemów Informacji Geograficznej (GIS)1 w edukacji na przykładzie programu QGIS. Dokonano przeglądu dostępnych zasobów edukacyjnych dotyczących QGIS, umożliwiających naukę pro-gramu.
EN
The paper presents the topic of using free software in the field of Geographical Information Systems in education on the example of the QGIS program. A review of the educational resources available for the QGIS for learning the program was made.
EN
Choosing section on the micro-region of the stream basin of Jarč for analysis was motivated with the variability of natural environment elements and density of archaeological sources. Hydrologic criterion of the stream Jarč was the basic element in defining the area. The work process consisted of assembly, supplementations and clarification of available archaeological and geographical information on the micro-region. Subsequent digitizing, vectorization and data analysis was carried out in a GIS environment. The output of the predictive model is a map of potential occurrence of archaeological sites in each area. The predictive model indicates that inhabitants used the same landscape features from the Neolithic up to the Early Middle Ages. Some differences were observed in burial places in the Roman Period centralized on locations with low potential. Probably the other factors than the natural environment played an important role in establishing cemeteries (social, religious, etc.) However, these are hardly recognizable.
5
93%
EN
The article describes the importance of spatial data resources and GIS tools in environmental education. Data resources available at European and national level and possibilities of their use in education have been presented. Assessment of usefulness of these resources for environmental education objectives was made. Examples of use of spatial data in environmental education are presented.
EN
The authors present possibilities of examination and analyses performed by implementing GIS tools as used for the needs of archaeological surface survey. The research took place on the chocolate flint mining and processing sites, in the northwesternmost part of the deposits, in the Orońsko community. Information was obtained on the basis of archive, cartographic (topographic, geologic, hydrographical maps) and remote sensing data (LIDAR, aerial photos, satellite imagery), as well as by verification of surface survey, which all were compared by means of a free QGIS program, version 2.16.2. GIS software made the integration of multidimensional data possible and enhanced the efficiency of fieldwork and cabinet work.
EN
The post-industrial landscapes represent a legacy of the industrial revolution. There have been gradually formed numerous enterprises of various industry branches on the territory between Czech-Polish border in the North and Moravian-Silesian Beskydes Mts. (a part of Carpathians) in the South (the western border follows the foothills of Hercynian Bohemian Highlands). In the given study, there are demonstrated examples of the post-industrial landscape in the concerned area of Ostrava, which is a part of the so called Upper Silesian industrial corridor that is intensively linking industrialized region of Upper Silesia in Poland and the Czech Republic with other developed regions of Europe to southwest through the Moravian Gate to the Danube region. This paper demonstrates the procedure for defining the post-industrial landscapes in general, their classification and standardization using the available data sources and GIS technology. For the processing the data of the deployment of brownfields, contaminated sites, industrial constructions of architectural heritage, mining points and areas, human made landforms, industrial and landfill sites etc. were used. They document the genesis, the territorial shape and the geographic position of the post-industrial landscape in the study region. In the concerned area of Ostrava four “rural” post-industrial landscapes were identified and classified into three different genetic types. This paper also presents a methodology for identifying, mapping and classification of post-industrial landscapes on the basis of publicly available and state-managed databases.
EN
We describe a GIS-based real-time system for emergency response and management of air pollution accidents in an urban area. The system architecture emphasises the integration of meteorological, chemical and GIS data, dispersion modeling, decision-making and geo-spatial visualization. The threat zones, unsafe areas and safe traffic routes are obtained using an improved Gaussian plume model with a decision-making module and then exported to the Google Earth browser via “kml” file format. Several simulation scenarios were conducted and verified for notable industrial sites in Montenegro using recorded meteorological data. The results demonstrate that emergency response authorities can use the proposed methodology and system as a cost effective and accurate support tool in case of industrial or deliberate air pollution incidents.
PL
Geoinformation Science in the twenty-first century has become an integral part of our lives. GPS navigation, exploration of cities via Street View or GeoTagging are just a few examples of modern cartography. In China, access to spatial data as well as to media reports is a subject to government control. Presented maps thus reflect a vision of the world seen through the eyes of the CCP. New law not only gives great opportunities for development of Chinese GIS, but also outlines the borders of the country, illustrating the political aspirations of the Middle Kingdom.
EN
As new information is received, predictions of sea-level rise resulting from global warming continue to be revised upwards. Measurements indicate that the rise in sea-level is continuing at, or close to, the worst case forecasts (Kellet et al. 2014). Coastal areas are coming under increasing risk of inundation and flooding as storms are predicted to increase in frequency and severity, adding to the risk of inundation due to higher sea levels. Stakeholders, government agencies, developers and land owners require accurate, up to date information to be able to protect coastal areas. Geographic Information Systems (GIS) along with accurate remote sensing technologies such as LiDAR provides the best means for delivering this information. Using these technologies, this paper predicts the risk posed to a large multi-use development in the emirate of Ras Al Khaimah, UAE. This development, Al Hamra Village, is situated on the coast of the Arabian Gulf. Al Hamra’s physical relationship to the Gulf is in common with other developments in Ras Al Khaimah in its and for this reason has been used as a pilot project. The resulting GIS model shows that Al Hamra is indeed at risk from predicted flood events. How this information can be used as a planning tool for numerous strategies is discussed in this paper.
EN
It is possible to make analyses within the field of GIS applying cellular automata. One of the purposes of socio-economic geography is indirect understanding of the phenomenon by analyzing spatial patterns and inferring spatio-temporal processes looking rather for local hotspots. The cellular automata are the tool both for spatio-temporal inferring based on local conditions and data visualization. The evidence is the case study of spatial simulation of Warsaw Urban Area (Poland). The author verifies the hypothesis that the present layout and extent of the Warsaw agglomeration determines further directions of the city's spatial development. To this end, he employs a method based on cellular automata theory.
EN
The intensive development of urban agglomerations causes the need to search for new precise methods which will determine the most important features of landscape and monitor changes in suburban zones. The aim of the study was to identify, characterize and assess the structure of landscape units based on LiDAR data. The research was conducted in the village of Napachanie, Wielkopolskie Voivodship. Although the village is located in the suburban zone of Poznań, it has retained the rural character of landscape in this region, with expanses of fields, a park and palace complex and a grange. There are valuable natural elements in the village, such as forests, buffer strips, ponds and the Samica River valley. The research combined techniques of GIS analysis and the traditional method of Landscape Character Assessment (LCA). The data for analysis of the rural landscape structure were acquired from airborne laser scanning (LiDAR). They were used to identify 16 landscape units of different characters, was determined according to specific elements of landscape, scenic connections and composition. The units were visualized by means of a point cloud. The spatial model of the landscape enabled definite delimitation of individual landscape units, which supplemented field investigations. Visualizations show the most important features of landscape, such as terrain, the arrangement of tall vegetation, the number and layout of buildings. The spatial model enables initial analysis of the landscape composition, including the range of views and the degree of compactness of landscape interiors.
PL
Zwiększająca się dynamika zmian, które zachodzą w krajobrazie wiejskim znajdującym się w zasięgu oddziaływania wielkich aglomeracji miejskich, skłania do poszukiwania nowych precyzyjnych metod, które pozwolą na określenie najważniejszych cech krajobrazu. Celem badań było wyznaczenie, charakterystyka i ocena struktury jednostek krajobrazowych w oparciu o dane wysokościowe. Badania przeprowadzono w województwie wielkopolskim, na terenie wsi Napachanie, która mimo położenia w strefie podmiejskiej Poznania zachowała wiejski charakter krajobrazu z rozłogiem pól, założeniem parkowo-pałacowym i folwarkiem. Znajdują się tam również cenne elementy przyrodnicze w postaci lasów, zadrzewień śródpolnych, oczek wodnych czy też doliny rzeki Samicy. W pracy zostało wykorzystane połączenie technik analizy GIS z tradycyjną metodą badania krajobrazu: Landscape Character Assessment (LCA). Dane wykorzystane do analizy struktur krajobrazu wiejskiego zostały pozyskane z lotniczego skaningu laserowego (LIDAR). Na ich podstawie wydzielono 16 jednostek krajobrazowych o odmiennym charakterze, który został określony uwzględniając specyficzne elementy krajobrazu oraz powiązania widokowe i kompozycję. Wykorzystując chmurę punktów opracowano także wizualizację wyznaczonych jednostek. Model przestrzenny krajobrazu pozwolił na jednoznaczną delimitację poszczególnych jednostek krajobrazowych, będąc uzupełnieniem badań terenowych. Wizualizacje umożliwiają zobrazowanie najważniejszych cech krajobrazu — takich jak ukształtowanie terenu, układ roślinności wysokiej, ilość i rozkład zabudowy. Model przestrzenny pozwala także na wstępną analizę kompozycji krajobrazu, w postaci zasięgów widoków oraz stopnia zwartości wnętrz krajobrazowych.
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GIS w nauce

93%
PL
Artykuł prezentuje podejście świata nauki do roli, jaką odgrywa GIS w jej ramach. Przedstawia dyskusję, jaka miała miejsce w 1993 r. w ramach debaty GIS-L, jej najważniejsze wnioski zaprezentowane w pracy D.J. Wrighta, M.F. Goodchilda i J.D. Proctora (1997), a także przyszłość Systemów Informacji Geograficznej widzianą oczami M. Goodchilda (2010). Na tle tych rozważań autorzy przedstawili własne doś- wiadczenia związane z GIS w polskiej nauce oraz podejście do GIS jako nauki.
EN
The paper demonstrates how the role of GIS is understood in science. It presents the discussion, known as the GIS-L debate, which took place in 1993. The most important results of this discussion were presented in Wright, Goodchild and Proctor (1997). Present understanding of the future of GIS has been given by Goodchild (2010). Against the background of the results of these discussions the authors present their own experience in using GIS and show how GIS science is understood in Poland.
PL
Celem artykułu jest przedstawienie i ocena możliwości automatycznego wyznaczania linii szkieletowych powierzchni terenu za pomocą oprogramowania komputerowego na podstawie cyfrowego modelu wysokościowego. Autorzy przedstawili przykłady analiz morfometrycznych w geomorfologii i trudność oraz czasochłonność przeprowadzania tego rodzaju badań przy zastosowaniu ręcznych, tradycyjnych metod pomiarowych. Testowym badaniom poddano mapę ukształtowania powierzchni podłoża czwartorzędu regionu łódzkiego. Wyznaczono na niej linie szkieletowe powierzchni terenu metodą tradycyjną, a następnie poddano ją obróbce za pomocą oprogramowania ArcGIS z rozszerzeniami ArcHydro i SpatialAnalyst. Uzyskane w ten sposób mapy porównano i oceniono wyniki.
EN
The aim of following article is to present and evaluate possibility of automatic extraction of terrain skeleton lines using computational methods from Digital Elevation Model (DEM). Authors describe examples of morphological analysis in geomorphology, difficulty and time-consuming of executing of this kind of research using traditional, manual methods. Topography map of quaternary ground of Lodz Region has been analyzed. Firstly terrain skeleton lines were traced using traditional ways. After that lines were generated and analyzed by using ArcGIS software with ArcHydro and SpatialAnalyst extensions. Both of received maps were compared and evaluated.
EN
Migration has a principal influence on countries’ population changes. Thus, the issues connected with the causes, effects and directions of people’s movements are a common topic of political and academic discussions. The aim of this paper is to analyse the spatial distribution of officially registered foreign migration in Poland in 2012. GIS tools are implemented for data visualization and statistical analysis. Geographically weighted regression (GWR) is used to estimate the impact of unemployment, wages and other socioeconomic variables on the foreign emigration and immigration measure. GWR provides spatially varying estimates of model parameters that can be presented on a map, giving a useful graphical representation of spatially varying relationships.
PL
Celem pracy była analiza pokrycia terenu i jego zmian w województwie łódzkim w latach 2000–2018. Bazując na danych CORINE Land Cover oraz wykorzystując narzędzia GIS, wykonano analizę pokrycia terenu i jego zmian dla trzech przedziałów czasowych 2000–2006, 2006–2012 i 2012–2018, w ujęciu ilościowym i przestrzennym, co pozwoliło na scharakteryzowanie pokrycia terenu badanego obszaru oraz uchwycenie kierunków zmian, ich natężenia i miejsca występowania. W badaniu przeprowadzono pomiar gęstości zmian metodą estymacji rozkładu gęstości z wykorzystaniem nieparametrycznych estymatorów jądrowych (kernel function).
EN
The aim of the author was to analyse land cover and its changes in the Łódź Voivodeship in the years 2000–2018. Based on CORINE Land Cover data and using GIS tools, analysis of land cover and its changes were performed for three intervals – the years 2000–2006, 2006–2012 and 2012–2018 – in spatial and quantitative terms. This approach allowed the land cover of the studied area to be characterised and the directions, intensity and spatial distribution of changes to be captured. In the study the density of changes was measured using the method of density distribution estimation with the use of non-para-metric nuclear estimators – the kernel function.
PL
W artykule przedstawiono ocenę zagospodarowania terenów zalewowych (wyznaczonych 2 metodami) i potencjalnych strat materialnych na przykładzie 3 miast: Tomaszowa Mazowieckiego, Łowicza i Kutna. Zagospodarowanie określono, analizując użytkowanie ziemi z wykorzystaniem Bazy Danych Obiektów Topograficznych (BDOT) oraz inwentaryzacji terenowej, w granicach zasięgu równin zalewowych wyznaczonych na podstawie map geologicznych oraz terenów zagrożonych powodziami wskazanych przez dyrektora Regionalnego Zarządu Gospodarki Wodnej (RZGW) w Warszawie (WWQ 1% – wysoki wysoki przepływ). Do badań wybrano 3 miasta województwa łódzkiego z najwyższym wskaźnikiem poziomej intensywności zagospodarowania w granicach terenów tzw. wody 100-letniej. Są one położone w dorzeczu Wisły, w zlewni rzek Bzury i Pilicy. Stwierdzono, że zasięg terenów wody WWQ 1% nie pokrywa się z obszarem równiny zalewowej. Potencjalne straty materialne w granicach badanych terenów są najwyższe w Tomaszowie Mazowieckim, co jest związane z umieszczeniem tam bazy usługowo-produkcyjnej i mieszkaniowej. Materiały kartograficzne i terenowe opracowano na potrzeby oceny stanu zagospodarowania i możliwych strat powodziowych na omawianych obszarach, wykorzystując narzędzia GIS.
EN
The article presents an assessment of the floodplains development plan (two different methods were used during the research) and potential material damage shown on the example of three cities – Tomaszow Mazowiecki, Łowicz and Kutno. Spatial development was determined by the analysis of land use using data available at Topographic Data Base and field research in areas within floodplains, which were delineated on the basis of geological maps as well as areas exposed to floods, which were designated by the Director of Regional Water Management in Warsaw (WWQ 1%). Three towns of Łódź region with the highest index of horizontal intensity of land use within 100-year flood areas were selected for the research. They are located within the Vistula river basin in the catchment of Bzura river and the Pilica river. It was found that the range of 1% water areas does not coincide with the area of the floodplains, which was delineated on the basis of geological maps. The potential loss of property rate is the highest in Tomaszów Mazowiecki which is associated with the existence of service-production areas and residential areas within floodplains. Cartographic materials and field inventory used in order to assess the land use and potential flood losses within these areas were obtained by GIS methods.
PL
W pracy za główny cel przyjęto ocenę ryzyka powodziowego terenów szczególnego zagrożenia powodzią na przykładzie Uniejowa. Oceny dokonano na podstawie analizy aktualnego zagospodarowania, wyodrębniając cztery obszary problemowe: obiekty o znaczeniu społecznym, tereny cenne przyrodniczo oraz obiekty dziedzictwa kulturowego, obiekty stwarzające wtórne zagrożenia oraz tereny generujące straty ekonomiczne. Zróżnicowanie ryzyka powodziowego stanowi bardzo istotne zagadnienie w kontekście ochrony przeciwpowodziowej. Niestety szacowanie tego ryzyka jest niezwykle trudnym zadaniem, podobnie jak problematyka właściwej ochrony dolin rzecznych. Zabudowa występuje przede wszystkim w granicach wody 100-letniej na obszarze miasta, dlatego też to właśnie tam w przypadku nadejścia powodzi straty są największe. Wpływ na to w przypadku Uniejowa ma jego położenie poniżej zbiornika retencyjnego, które doprowadza do intensyfikacji zagospodarowania.
EN
The main objective of this article is to assess the flood risk on the area exposed to floods in Uniejów. The assessment was made based on the analysis of the land use. In the article the 100-year water was divided into four problem areas: objects of social importance, valuable natural areas and objects of cultural heritage, objects posing hazard for human and environment, areas that generate economic losses. Differentiation of flood risk is a very important issue in the context of flood protection. Risk assessment is an extremely difficult task, as same as issue of protection of river valleys. Buildings occur on the area of 100-year water in the city. During a flood event, the biggest losses are over there. The implication is the location of Uniejów, below the storage reservoir, which leads to the intensification of land use.
EN
The Natura 2000 network includes two types of areas: Special Protection Areas (SPAs) for birds (SPAs) and Special Areas of Conservation (SACs) for species other than birds, and for habitats. The main objective of the functioning of the Natura 2000 is to preserve certain types of natural habitats and species of plants and animals that are considered as a valuable and endangered species across Europe. In Poland, the Natura 2000 network, which is still developing, covers nearly one fifth of the land area. It consists of 845 areas very important to the European Union (areas of “habitat” – future special areas of conservation of habitats) and 145 special protection areas for birds. For each Natura 2000 area a panel of independent experts develop Standard Data Form (SDF), which contains the most important information about the location and size of the area, occurring types of natural habitats and species, their abundance or representative in the country and the natural values and threats. An integral part of the form is a digital map of the area (as a vector and raster). SDF and the borders of areas are often updated. The authors conducted a detailed assessment of the value Polish Protected areas Natura 2000 from the base, dated April 2012 (data for 961 areas). Two criteria were takeninto consideration : 1) the population of the species in a given area, and 2) the representativeness of habitats. The first evaluate typicality of habitat for describing patterns of natural or semi-natural conditions in which habitat and their characteristic flora and fauna is developing, the second – the size of the population in a given area compared to the national population (the larger the share, the greater the need to designate the area protected). From 325 species 19 left as a priority species within14 areas and from 80 habitats there were 16 priority habitats within 282 areas – the results meet the objectives of the adopted procedure.
PL
Artykuł nie zawiera abstraktu w języku polskim
EN
In this article was made the assessment of the land use within the 100-year flood in the communes of Łódź region, located in Oder basin. On the areas exposed to floods were calculated indicators: the intensity of land use, used space and open spaces. At the end was used the cluster analysis to separated 4 groups of municipalities with similar structures of land use. The existence of wide floodplains and a lack of flood embankments leads to intensification of land use on the areas exposed to floods.
PL
W niniejszym artykule dokonano oceny zagospodarowania terenów w granicach wody 100-letniej na przykładzie 11 gmin województwa łódzkiego, położonych w dorzeczu Odry. Do badań wykorzystano wskaźnik poziomej intensywności zagospodarowania, wykorzystania powierzchni oraz terenów wolnych od zabudowy. Na koniec zastosowano analizę skupień i na jej podstawie wyodrębniono 4 grupy gmin o podobnej strukturze zagospodarowania terenów zagrożonych powodziami. Istnienie szerokich teras zalewowych oraz brak wałów przeciwpowodziowych doprowadza do intensyfikacji zagospodarowania w granicach terenu wody 100-letniej.
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