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EUROPEAN UNION AND EUROPEAN GERMANY

100%
Czarny E., Menkes J.
Oeconomia Copernicana
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2015
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vol. 6
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issue 4
7-27
EN
We analyze the correlation between the European integration and incorporating Germany into the process of European cooperation. We point out that the European integration after WWII was determined by the creation of the European Coal and Steel Community in the year 1951. This Community made it possible to control the steel industry of the Member States (among them Germany) within the framework of the common market. It was aimed at stable and harmonized development, as well as at preventing an uncontrolled growth of military-industrial complex, increasing the production for the army and decreasing the probability of the outbreak of the next war. Then - after the deepening of cooperation (taking her new areas) – the European Communities (EC) were created. They are still institutional foundations of the EU. One of the main reasons of the EC creation was the willingness to ensure lasting peace in Europe and to create „security community” through a.o. incorporation of Germany into the group of cooperating states. In this paper, we analyze the security system components created (e.g.) by the EC/EU, as well as the origin and changes of their characteristics. We compare the process of German unification (and more general: of defining the German unity, and broader: unity of the German speaking territory) after WWI and WWII. The analysis of similarities and differences leads us to the present stage of the European integration, when the unification of two German states was accomplished for the price of German acceptance of deepening of the integration and the creation of the European monetary union. We analyze various consequences of unification of Germany and the creation of the euro zone. In our opinion, they go far beyond the economic or political ones, and are connected with the EU Eastern enlargement.
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Válka jako stvořitelka a ničitelka národů, národních států a impérií. Evropská zkušenost od napoleonské éry

75%
Langewiesche, D.
Historie – Otázky – Problémy (History, Issues, Problems)
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2016
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vol. 8
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issue 1
21-32
EN
This study examines the role of war in the processes of decay and emergence of nations, nation-states and empires in Europe from the Napoleonic wars to the First World War. Throughout the period under review up to 1914 no nation-state emerged in Europe without conflict. The war was often related to the notions of European nations and national movements regarding progress and achievement of global dominance in Europe in those days.
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