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1

Bezpieczeństwo ontologiczne państwa – koncepcja i zastosowanie

100%

Pawłuszko T.

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2018

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vol. 15

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issue 15

235-252

PL

Tekst poświęcony jest koncepcji tzw. bezpieczeństwa ontologicznego, rozwijanej przez m. in. Anthony’ego Giddensa i Brenta J. Steele’a na gruncie badań stosunków międzynarodowych. Propozycja ta zakłada, że władze państw kierują się czynnikami ideacyjnymi w analizie otoczenia międzynarodowego i działają na podstawie wzorców kreujących tożsamość danego państwa. W artykule zarysowuję podstawy tej koncepcji, analizuję sposoby jej zastosowania. Celem tego przedsięwzięcia jest wzbogacenie warsztatu naukowego badań nad bezpieczeństwem narodowym i międzynarodowym.

2

Wiek jako źrodłowy, społeczno-kulturowy konstrukt w społeczeństwach tradycyjnych, nowoczesnych i ponowoczenych: co to znaczy być młodym?

65%

Dorelaitiene A.

Kultura i Wartości

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2013

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issue 8

DE

Das sozial-kulturelle Konstrukt des Alters in seiner objektiven und subjektiven Bedeutung veränderte sich mit der sozialen Entwicklung. Das Ziel des Artikels ist die Analyse der Veränderungen in der Wahrnehmung des Alters als sozial-kulturelles Konstrukt, die zur Erkenntnis führt, was es heißt, ein junger Mensch zu sein. Diese Fragestellungen werden im Kontext der strukturalistischfunktionalistischen Theorie von Parsons, der Theorie der Strukturierung von Giddens und der Theorie der Lebenszyklen von Beck untersucht.

EN

The sociocultural construction of age with objective and subjective meanings has been changing along with the development of society. Traditional, modern, and postmodern societies all have their own challenges related to the life course of the individual. The individual finds themselves in transition from the institutionalization and standardization of the course of life to deinstitutionalization, individualization, and de-standardization. For this reason, age as a sociocultural construct can be analyzed as a dynamic and reflexive phenomenon. Analysis of the perception of age is important in the social sciences, as it has the potential to reveal various issues in our society. In particular, this is important in discussions about youth and adulthood – in contemporary society, age is not exactly the main variable defining the group of society an individual belongs to. The aim of this paper is to analyse changes relating to age as a sociocultural construct in order to reveal what it means to be a young person with respect to tradition, both modern and postmodern. The construction of age has been analysed with recourse to T. Parsons’s structural functionalism theory, A. Giddens’ structuration theory as well as Beck’s approach to modern and postmodern society, life cycle theory.

PL

Społeczno-kulturowy konstrukt wieku, w swym obiektywnym i subiektywnym znaczeniu, zmieniał się wraz z rozwojem społecznym. Celem artykułu jest analiza przemian w percepcji wieku jako konstruktu społeczno-kulturowego, zmierzająca do odkrycia tego, co to znaczy być młodą osobą. Zagadnienia te są analizowane w kontekście strukturalistyczno-funkcjonalistycznej teorii Parsonsa, teorii strukturacji formułowanej przez Giddensa, jak również w kontekście teorii cyklów życia autorstwa Becka.

3

Co je dnes v sociologii obhajitelné? Prezentismus, historická vize a proč je sociologie užitečná

63%

Inglis D.

Historická sociologie (Historical Sociology)

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2015

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vol. 1

25-46

EN

In recent years, sociology in Britain – and in national contexts influenced by British sociology – has been diagnosed by various parties as suffering from a wide range of ailments. These forms of selfcriticism become ever more acute in terms of their potential effects as huge transformations in university funding regimes are brought to bear on the social sciences. But none of these critiques engages satisfactorily with what is a much more foundational and serious set of problems, namely the very nature of sociology itself as a historically-situated form of knowledge production. Sociology claims to know the world around it, but in Britain today much sociology seriously fails in this regard, because it operates with radically curtailed understandings of the long-term historical forces which made the social conditions it purports to analyse. A sophisticated understanding of the contemporary world is made possible only by an equally sophisticated understanding of very long-term historical processes, precisely the sort of vision that mainstream British sociology has lacked for at least the last two decades. This paper identifies the reasons for the development of this situation and the consequences it has for the nature of sociology’s knowledge production, for its self-understanding, for its claims to comprehend the contemporary world, and for its apparent social “usefulness”. A markedly more selfaware and historically-sensitive sociology is proposed as the answer to the pressing question of what aspects of sociology should be defended in the turbulent context of British higher education today.

4

The Disappearance of the Other: A Note on the Distortion of Love

63%

Engdahl E.

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2020

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vol. 16

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issue 1

50-76

EN

Against the backdrop of contemporary sociological theories of love, this article explores the disappearance of the other in contemporary love relationships by focusing on the relationship between love and depression. The aim of the article is twofold: first, to provide a theoretical framework to be able to grasp in what ways the other is threatened with erosion in contemporary love relationships and why this may cause depression; second, to exemplify it with empirical data consisting of human documents such as novels, interviews, sms- and messenger-correspondence. The first section, excluding the introduction, consists of methodological reflections. The second section introduces Hegel’s thinking on love and discusses the perception of it by thinkers such as Honneth, Sartre, and Beauvoir, as well as its parallels with Giddens’s idea on confluent love as a new egalitarian paradigm for equality in intimate relationships. The third section is mainly devoted to Kristeva’s theory of the melancholic-depressive composite, but also introduces Illouz’s concept of autotelic desire. In the fourth section, Han’s idea of “the erosion of difference” and Bauman’s thinking on “the broken structure of desire” are discussed in relation to the use of Tinder in contemporary culture. The fifth section consists of an analysis of excerpts from contemporary love novels and interviews that illustrates the disappearance of the other in contemporary love relationships. In the sixth section, a number of longer passages from a messenger conversation, ranging over a couple of months in duration, is reproduced and interpreted, mainly by help of Kristeva’s thinking, in order to make visible the relation between the erosion of the other and melancholic depression. The article ends with a short conclusion.

5

Historia rozwoju konwencji postapokaliptycznej jako odbicie lęków kultury zachodniej

45%

Gąska P. F.

Annales Universitatis Mariae Curie-Sklodowska, sectio FF – Philologia

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2016

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vol. 34

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issue 2

EN

When answering a question about the importance of the post-apocalyptic fiction to the Western culture, one can choose various approaches. One of them is the meta-analysis of the connections between trending topics in the convention and a state of social and political affairs in times corresponding to the appearance of such topics. ccording to this approach, cultural phenomena of such magnitude can always be traced back to the social needs for stories that could express prevailing fears or hopes of that specific era. My work takes this approach and tells the story about the development of the post-apocalyptic convention. It starts with the first, 19th-century works, that were still experimenting with the idea of world after a catastrophe, then it moves to the 20th century, when the convention gained popularity, and it finishes with the preliminary analysis of its form in the contemporary world. All of this is compared with the history of Western societies in order to highlight how various changes occurring in the fields of science, politics and economy shaped the needs for a certain types of post-apocalyptic stories.

PL

Jedną z możliwości odpowiedzi na pytanie o znaczenie fikcji postapokaliptycznej dla kultury zachodniej jest przyjrzenie się konwencji na metapoziomie, analiza związków panujących w niej trendów twórczych ze współczesną im sytuacją społeczno-polityczną. W myśl tego podejścia zjawiska kulturowe o takiej skali, jak rozkwit fikcji postapokaliptycznej, mają genezę w społecznym zapotrzebowaniu na konkretny typ opowieści, pozwalający wyrażać lęki czy nadzieje dominujące w dyskursie publicznym danej epoki. Tekst ten przywołuje historię rozwoju konwencji postapokaliptycznej.Rozpoczynam od pierwszych, XIX-wiecznych dzieł, eksperymentujących z opowieścią o świecie po zagładzie, opowiada o rozkwicie konwencji w XX wieku (szczególnie w jego drugiej połowie) i o jej współczesnej odsłonie. Rozwój fikcji postapokaliptycznej jest odniesiony do historii znanego nam świata, pokazuje, jak przemiany naukowe, gospodarcze, polityczne czy ekonomiczne wpływały na wzrost zapotrzebowania na fikcję postapokaliptyczną oraz na popularność określonych typów apokaliptycznych katastrof stojących u genezy danych światów.

6

Nowe wymiary tożsamości – media, kultura popularna, rzeczywistość cyfrowa

44%

Baluch W.

Przestrzenie Teorii

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2016

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issue 25

245-262

EN

The text concentrates on the issue of identity and its transformations, driven by the spread of media and digital culture. In the first part it presents three canonic proposals for reflections on virtual identity. Firstly, reflections on the communication dimension of identity derived from Martin Buber’s philosophy of dialog. Secondly, the concept of “ontological shift” as suggested by Marek Krajewski, who sees in it the remedy for the lack of a real dimension of many virtual contacts. Thirdly, the issues of the integrity of the individual and the fluidity of modern reality in the approaches proposed by Wolfgang Welsh, Anthony Giddens, and Zygmunt Bauman. The analytical part contains an analysis of the important aspects of the notion of identity. The first is the issue of the subjectivity of an utterance and its source, which will be discussed using the example of a play based on texts that adapted from Internet blogs. The second issue is an attempt to answer the question posed by Sherry Turkle of whether if it is possible to kill someone virtually. The point of reference for the search for a solution to this issue is the popular computer game “Vampire”.The last aspect has to do with celebrity identity in the media world. This concerns the phenomenon of celebrities in the pragmatic dimension as a model strategy of behaviour in the world, in which the boundary between privacy and public space has been blurred. On the basis of these analyses, which cover merely a small part of human experience, the author proposes a new methodological approach to perceiving and analysing aspects of identity revealed through the confrontation with the new virtual reality.

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1 Annales Universitatis Mariae Curie-Sklodowska, sectio FF – Philologia

1 Doctrina. Studia społeczno-polityczne

1 Historická sociologie (Historical Sociology)

1 Kultura i Wartości

1 Przestrzenie Teorii

1 Qualitative Sociology Review

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1 Baluch W.

1 Dorelaitiene A.

1 Engdahl E.

1 Gąska P. F.