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EN
The literary approach used in the Gospel according to John expresses a unique way of thinking which also expresses or grasps the deep essence of Christian spiritual life. The present essay describes some typical shapes of Johannine literary expression as they are related to what may be called "union with God" in the sense of "mutual immanence" (Dodd). The examined textual structures, such as chiasm, concentric scheme, or "I am" sentences, reflect not only Christ’s divine being and his descent/ascent, but also – and most importantly – the disciple’s participation in such realties. The main contribution offered in the paper is, however, an exploration of the form of "double comparison" (e.g. "as I live because of the Father, so the one who feeds on me will live because of me", 6:57) in the context of the "spiral" pattern of Johannine speeches – and a further application of this depicted union to the topic of communitarian agape.
EN
This article presents an exegesis of John 20:23: If you forgive people’s sins, their sins are forgiven; if you hold them they are held fast. Traditionally them refers to sins, and exegetical basis for this interpretation was reading John 20:23 (with the eliptical antithetical parallelism) as parallel of Matt 16:19 and 18:18. However the grammatical and lexical structure of John 20:23 suggests that v. 23a and 23b is a synthetic (progressive) parallel. In the Johannine com¬munities and in first three centuries of Christianity John 20:23 was not understood as the scriptural account of the institution of the sacrament of Penance that can only be administered by the ordained ministers. This text may be an allusion to baptism First of all, John 20:23 is a missionary command to the disciples. They have the power (v. 22: Receive the Holy Spirit) and right to preach the forgiveness of sins and entry into the community of believers (cf. Matt 28:19; Mark 16:16; Luke 24:47).
Vox Patrum
|
2008
|
vol. 52
|
issue 1
233-256
EN
The present paper is focused on translation studies. We analyze to what degree the Prologue of the Gospel of John is translatable into selected Polish translations, and to what degree it can be retranslated into Hebrew. What is new in our  approach is the analysis of the inaccuracy of translation of the original text which is apparent in the prototype translation (Ur-translation) of the Vulgate by Jerome. Thanks to the comparison between the Vulgate and Polish translations of the Prologue, and their retranslation into Hebrew, we concluded that they repeat the mistakes of the Vulgate almost automati- cally. When we liberate ourselves from the influence of the Vulgate, we face with yet another difficulty. The Prologue is a text of initiation, and it is translatable according to the dynamie equivalence only for a reader, who was intended by the author of the Gospel of John. For other readers, the Prologue can be translated, morę or less accurately, according to the formal equivalence.
PL
W opracowaniu
PL
Przedmiotem niniejszego studium jest wspólnota Janowa w ujęciu takich dyscyplin, jak lingwistyka i socjolingwistyka. Stosując teorię akomodacji mowy oraz perspektywę języka i antyjęzyka, amerykański egzegeta, B.J. Malina, odnajduje w tekście czwartej Ewangelii charakterystyczne cechy grupy zgromadzonej wokół umiłowanego ucznia. Grupę wyróżnia język chrystologii odgórnej, czyli antyjęzyk, a także postawa izolacji od społeczeństwa, w jego szerokim rozumieniu. To pozwala Malinie określić Janową wspólnotę mianem „antyspołeczności” lub „grupy alternatywnej”.
EN
This study discusses John’s community in the view of disciplines such as linguistics and sociolinguistics. Using the speech accommodation theory and the perspective of language and anti-language, B.J. Malina, an American exegete, finds characteristic traits of the group gathered around the beloved disciple in the text of the fourth Gospel. These traits include isolation from the society in the broad sense, as well as the language of high christology, that is, the anti-language. This allows Malina to refer to John’s community as an „anti-community” or an „alternative group”.
DE
Den Gegenstand der vorliegenden Studie bildet die Johannesgemeinde im Blickfeld solcher Disziplinen wie Linguistik und Soziolinguistik. Der amerikanische Exeget B. J. Malina entdeckt im Text des vierten Evangeliums charakteristische Züge der um den geliebten Jünger versammelten Gruppe mit der Verbindung mit der Theorie der Sprachakkomodation und mit der Perspektiven der Sprache und der Antisprache. Zu diesen Zügen kann man die im weiteren Sinne verstandene Isolierung von der Gesellschaft und die Sprache der Christologie von oben, d.h. die Antisprache zählen. Dies erlaubt es Malina, die Johannesgemeinde als „Antigemeinschaft” oder „Alternativgruppe” zu bezeichnen.
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