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1

Social cognitions across the stages of behavior change. A comparison of two stage models

100%
Lippke S., Sniehotta F. F., Luszczynska A.
Polish Psychological Bulletin
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2005
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vol. 36
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issue 1
43-50
EN
The purpose of the study was to investigate the Multi-Stage Model (MSM), a revised version of the Transtheoretical Model (TTM), and the TTM. The MSM differs from the TTM in the number of stages, stage definitions and social cognitions which are assumed to be essential for progression in each stage. The MSM and the TTM were tested across the stages with planned contrasts and for non-linear trends (discontinuity patterns) in risk awareness, pros and cons, self-efficacy, and intention. In a cross-sectional online study, 778 respondents were asked about social cognitions related to meat consumption. Compared to the TTM, more discontinuity patterns were found in the MSM. Across the stages of the MSM, mindsets were distinguished which differed qualitatively.
2

HOW TO MAINTAIN HEALTH-PROMOTING BEHAVIORS: THE ROLE OF ACTION PLANS AND SELF-EFFICACY

100%
Luszczynska A.
Kolokwia Psychologiczne (Psychological Colloquia)
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2006
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vol. 14
189-198
EN
Health behaviors have a profound effect on health. Besides welldocumented relations between health behaviors, cardiovascular diseases, and cancer, there is a growing body of evidence that certain health behaviors are related to neurogenesis. Health behavior change may be defined as a process, consisting of the intention formation, an initiation and maintenance of a health behavior, and finally relapses. Social-cognitive variables, such as action plans and self-efficacy are among key facilitators of the initiation, maintenance and recovery from relapses. The role of these variables may be phase-specific: some variables (i.e., action planning) may play a profound role only in certain phases (i.e., the initiation and maintenance), remaining irrelevant in other phases. Different types of self-efficacy promote initiation, maintenance, and recovery form lapses. The paper discusses studies showing effects of action planning and phase-specific self-efficacy on health behavior change among young healthy adults, patients after myocardial infarction and people with overweight or obesity.
3

Health oriented goals, self-regulatory processes, health behaviors, and well-being

88%
Pasikowski T., Sek H., Ziarko M.
Polish Psychological Bulletin
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2005
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vol. 36
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issue 1
25-33
EN
The quality and strength of intention as well as planning are the key self-regulatory processes in health behavior change. The aim of the present study was to test whether the processes resulting in implementation of intention depend not only on planning but also on the sense of agency, an involvement and social influence variables. The study involved 143 voluntary participants, 83 women, 56 men, aged 18-35 with high school or higher education. A set of rating scales and questionnaires was used to measure the self-regulatory processes, health behaviors, well-being and their predictors. The results support the notion that health behaviors and well-being were found to be affected by similar predictors such as the intention strength, completeness and action orientation in planning. High evaluation of developmental goals in health decision making was among crucial predictors of health behaviors. Participants with high levels of self-regulatory indicators used credible social influence sources.
4

BEING NICE OR BEING SCARED? PERSONALITY TRAITS, BELIEFS AND THREAT OF COVID-19 AS PREDICTORS OF NON-NORMATIVE HEALTH BEHAVIOURS DURING SECOND WAVE OF PANDEMIC

88%
Čavojová V., Ballová Mikušková E., Šrol J.
Studia Psychologica
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2022
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vol. 64
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issue 1
45 - 63
EN
The COVID-19 pandemic highlighted the need to examine factors related to questionable health behaviour, such as avoiding recommended preventive guidelines. This paper aimed to explore whether behaviour reflecting active avoidance of preventive measures against COVID-19 (curfew regulations, hygiene, facial masks, and social distancing) was best predicted by personality traits (Big Five), health beliefs, or feelings of threat. Thousand and twenty-four adults (486 men, 536 women) aged between 18 – 81 years participated in the study, which was run in early November 2020, when the second wave in Slovakia started to gain momentum and a strict lockdown was issued. Results showed that health threat was connected with having fewer questionable health beliefs, while economic threat was connected with having more questionable health beliefs, and together these factors were the strongest predictors of avoiding preventive regulations. From personality traits, higher Extraversion and lower Agreeableness predicted questionable health behaviour, but together they added only 2.4% of explained variance. Our results highlight the fact that one year after the outbreak, the COVID-19 pandemic is no longer only (if it ever was) a health threat. The shift from health focus to the economic and socio-political threat should not be taken lightly, as it has implications for adherence to preventive measures against COVID-19 and people’s beliefs regarding the pandemic.
5

ROLE OF PERSONALITY, CONSPIRACY MENTALITY, REBT IRRATIONAL BELIEFS, AND ADULT ATTACHMENT IN COVID-19 RELATED HEALTH BEHAVIOURS

75%
Stanković S., Lazarević L., Knežević G.
Studia Psychologica
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2022
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vol. 64
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issue 1
26 – 44
EN
There is evidence that different types of irrational thinking and beliefs are significant predictors of questionable and maladaptive COVID-19 related health practices. In this study, we investigated the role of two under-researched types of irrational thinking, more typical for a clinical setting: irrational beliefs defined in Rational Emotive Behaviour Therapy (REBT) and attachment anxiety and avoidance. We investigated whether REBT irrational beliefs, attachment dimensions, and conspiracy mentality mediated the relationship between personality traits, on the one side, and COVID-19 health behaviours, on the other. We proposed that HEXACO personality traits, and especially Disintegration (proneness to psychotic-like experiences) predicted irrational thinking and beliefs, which in turn predicted higher susceptibility to questionable health practices. Structural equation modelling on a sample of 287 participants from the general population showed that Disintegration was related to REBT irrational beliefs, attachment dimensions, and conspiracy mentality, highlighting the important effect of Disintegration on irrational thinking and beliefs. Conspiracy mentality mediated the effects of Disintegration to low adherence to recommended health behaviours – RHB, and greater use of pseudoscientific practices – PSP. Attachment anxiety mediated the relationship between high Disintegration, high Emotionality (E), and low Honesty (H), and lower adherence to RHB. REBT irrational beliefs and attachment avoidance did not mediate the relationship between personality traits and COVID-19 health behaviours.
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