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Inżynier Zdzisław Wojciechowski : zasłużony organizator służby zasobów PKP

100%
Tucholski Z.
Analecta. Studia i Materiały z Dziejów Nauki
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2012
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vol. 21
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issue 1-2(40-41)
367-381
EN
This paper presents the profile of Zdzisław Wojciechowski, a prominent engineer of PKP's Stores Department, a specialist in the field of standards engineering, standardization and technical acceptance of materials for PKP. He is the author of precursory in the Polish technical literature, comprehensive, three-volume work entitled Materiałoznawstwo Kolejowe. The biography of engineer Wojciechowski, is in some ways typical of the complex fate of Polish technicians and engineers in the territory of the Russian annexation. This paper also presents his contribution in the reconstruction of railroading after 1945, in the development of Stores Department of PKP, and in the standards engineering of a part of the rolling stock. General historical issues related to the problems of technical acceptance of construction materials and their standardization and standards engineering in railroading and in the machine, arms and shipbuilding industry constitute the background for this article. Wojciechowski's war fate and his independence and social activities have been also presented in this paper.
2
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Muzeum Kolejowe oraz Muzeum Komunikacji w Warszawie (1928-1939)

100%
Tucholski Z.
Analecta. Studia i Materiały z Dziejów Nauki
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2011
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vol. 20
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issue 2(39)
143-171
EN
The article deals with the history of the Museum of the Railway Transport that was founded on 18 February 1928. At the beginning, the institution established by a decree of the Minister of Transport was located in the left wing of the Wileński Railway Station in Warsaw. The first exhibition comprised the following divisions: historical, contemporary, general and scientific-informative. The first curator of the museum was the Stanisław Witoszyński. As the building of the Wileński Railway Station had to be pulled down, on 13 December 1931, the museum`s collections were transferred to a new – also provisional – building at the 1, Nowy Zjazd Street. In the following years, the collections expanded but they could not be exhibited any longer in the provisional, non-functional building they were housed in at the time. In 1937, Władysław Woydyno was appointed for the post of the museum`s curator. There were plans to merge the Museum of the Railway Transport with the Museum of Technics and Industry – both institutions were to be located in the Palace of Technology and Industry, a project of Prof. Bohdan Pniewski that had been never realized because of the outbreak of the war. On 14 December 1938, basing on a decision of the Minister of Transport, the Museum of the Railway Transport was transformed into the Museum of the City Transport. New divisions of the new museum were opened: a waterways` division and a highways` division. The war and the German occupation of Warsaw caused an almost complete destruction of the Museum of the City Transport`s collections, collections of great historical and material value. The few exhibits from the pre-war museum are now part of the collections of the Museum of Technology NOT in Warsaw (NOT in Polish: Naczelna Organizacja Techniczna, in English: Main Technical Organization), as well as of those of the Chamber of the Tradition of the Engineering School in Warsaw and those of the Railway Museum (Muzeum Kolejnictwa) in Warsaw.
3
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THE PRS-4 MINICOMPUTER. A CONSTRUCTOR'S REMINISCENCES

80%
Zymelka K. K. A.
Analecta. Studia i Materiały z Dziejów Nauki
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2010
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vol. 19
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issue 1-2(36-37)
111-178
EN
The current paper gives an account of work to design a modern, reliable and interference- resistant minicomputer and on that basis to develop applications that could be used for effectively monitoring the production process and safety status in mines. High reliability was achieved by simplifying structures and minimizing the number of elements used in constructing the minicomputer, while its high resistance to interference was achieved thanks to enclosing the circulation of addresses and data (registers and buses of the processor, and the arithmetic unit) within two modules, separately for the older and younger byte of a 16-bit machine word. High efficiency of monitoring the production process and safety status in mines was achieved through decomposing the mine's overall technological process into particular unit processes and using an independent module for each such process, the module consisting of the minicomputer and dedicated software, specialized sensors and transmission systems. The result was a modern minicomputer, PRS-4, and a dispatcher system, MSD-80, composed of the following modules: HADES (production process monitoring), SAK (assessment of bumps hazard) SYLOK (localization of seismic events) and CMC1/2 (methane explosion prevention). Around 80 modules of the MSD-80 system were installed in Polish mines, and almost 30 were exported, including 21 to China, which also bought a licence to produce the hardware and software for the SAK and SYLOK modules. The work described in the current paper lasted from 1973 (prototype of the minicomputer) until the mid-1980s (when production was discontinued) and proved that creative passion and involvement makes it possible, even in very unpropitious circumstances, to achieve goals that would otherwise seem unattainable.
4
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Krakowski Szlak Techniki - pierwsza postindustrialna miejska trasa turystyczna w Polsce

80%
Wieja T., Chmura J.
Analecta. Studia i Materiały z Dziejów Nauki
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2011
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vol. 20
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issue 2(39)
173-189
EN
The popular idea of establishing thematic tourist routes as examples of qualified tourism allows us, according to the attached plan, to make the cultural heritage available to the wider public. This concept was the basis for working out the Cracow Industrial Heritage Route. It was the Cracow Museum of Municipal Engineering that had put forward the proposal to establish a tourist route. The project was carried out together with the Department of Promotion and Tourism of the Office of the Mayor of the City of Cracow and in cooperation with the Cracow Society for the Protection of Historical Monuments of Technique as well as with the 1st District of the City of Cracow. The route was officially opened on April 6, 2006. 16 monuments, each remaining in a relationship with the postindustrial heritage, the transport system and the flood and fire prevention systems were placed along the route. Separate objects – elements of the Cracow Industrial Heritage Route - have been described in the article. The analysis of historical and technical value of the presented objects made it possible to assess the suggested project of the route as well as the chances of its extension. The basic tourist qualities of each of these items have been also considered in the assessment as they understandably contribute to the attractiveness of the whole tourist project, namely of the Cracow Industrial Heritage Route. The experience acquired during the organization of the postindustrial tourist route in Cracow can facilitate realization of similar undertakings in regions where the industrial and technical heritage is decisive for the tourist attractiveness of a given town, settlement or dwelling complex.
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POČIATKY MODERNIZÁCIE CESTNEJ SIETE V UHORSKU NA PRÍKLADE STAVBY CESTY TRAKOVICE – LEOPOLDOV SAMUELOM MIKOVÍNIM

70%
Ďurčo M., Chrastina P.
Studia Historica Nitriensia
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2022
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vol. 26
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issue 2
330-356
EN
Paper analyses the road network development in 18th century Hungary, mainly on the territory of today’s Slovakia. It summarizes and explains the circumstances accompanying its modernization since the first half of the 18th century. In the first part, the authors interpret the transport infrastructure development in a broader socio-economic and geographical context. In the second part, they detailed the historical-geographical aspects of road construction in the 18th century. The solved section of the road between Trakovice and Leopoldov is unique because Samuel Mikovíni planned it. They built the road between 1735 and 1737. We want to answer the question to what extent we can consider this road as a model example of the construction of other roads and if the road was somehow specific due to the work of Mikovíni. We are also interested in how Mikovíni was affected by the know-how of building modern roads, which penetrated the Habsburg monarchy as a French technological import.
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