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THE PRINCIPLE OF SOCIAL JUSTICE IN THE PROTECTION OF THE RIGHTS OF DYING PEOPLE IN THE OPINION OF FAMILY MEMBERS OF HOSPICE'S PATIENTS (Polish title below)

100%
Kalinowski M.
Roczniki Nauk o Rodzinie (Annals of Family Studies)
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2009
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vol. 56
155-168
EN
(Polish title: Zasada sprawiedliwosci spolecznej w ochronie praw osob umierajacych w opinii czlonkow rodzin podopiecznych hospicjum). Human rights stemming directly from man's dignity are not dependent on the will of the ones wielding power, and do not result from social-economic relations. The task of the political authorities is to define, affirm and protect them so that a man could enjoy them in his relations with other people, with social groups and with public institutions. Hence a significant function of the principle of social justice is securing the rights of an individual on the public-legal plane so as to ensure his privileges resulting from man's natural dignity. The protective function of social justice has a great importance in the case of terminally ill people. Their emaciation is the cause of the state that they constitute a category of the weakest persons who cannot defend their status on their own. This is why it often happens that ill people experience infringement of their dignity and rights as result of the minders neglecting their duties, or as result of being treated like an object, or even of being robbed of their possessions. In the article attention first of all is paid to the legal formulations concerning the protection of the dying people, and then statements made by members of the family of hospice patients are quoted. A decided majority of respondents were also in favor of putting into practice the protective function of social justice in the palliative care. The duty to respect the patient's dignity was recognized as the basic legal prerogative aiming at securing the status of hospice patients. The respondents also included the right to receive health benefits, the right to have additional nursing care and the right to obtain information about the ill person's state of health into the group of important rights. In the sphere of protecting the rights of the dying patients the subjects voiced a lesser support for the possibility of receiving social security benefits and the right of secrecy connected with the obtained care.
2
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THE HOSPICE MOVEMENT: THE EXAMPLE OF CONFLICT BETWEEN THE PROCESSES OF PERSONALIZED AND RATIONALIZED INSTITUTIONALIZATION

88%
Kubiak A. E., Surikova M.
Sociológia (Sociology)
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2010
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vol. 42
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issue 3
237-254
EN
The article presents the problems of hospice movement in the context of the individualistic social organization, which becomes the predominant pattern of social life in the modern societies. The hospice vision focuses on the interest in the individual and his or her quality of life in the end-of-life phase, which fits the principles of individualism. The analysis of the process of institutionalization of hospice movement shows the conflict between the idealistic aim and the consequences of rationalized medical praxis. The situation of the individual as a matter of public interests is followed by temporal relationships of the hospice workers and the patient and his or her family, breaking the continuity of the natural social bonds, de-privatization the dying, fragmentation of one's life's course and isolation of terminally ill people. These contradictions seem to be the integral part of the individualistic social organization, and as such irresolvable.
3
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LETTING THEM GO. MORAL AND SOCIAL SENSE OF HOSPICE CARE (Pozwolic im odejsc - moralny i spoleczny sens opieki hospicyjnej)

75%
Konstanczak S.
Archeus. Studia z bioetyki i antropologii filozoficznej
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2010
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vol. 11
15-27
EN
A starting point for the following considerations is an attempt at describing ethics attitude in the matter of limits of helping people who are in terminal state. The author assumes that increasing demand for providing such help in specialized institutions - hospices - is a sign of domination of ethics of sanctity of life in societies, in which humans, independently of their state of health have the right to medical benefits. In conclusion of the article the author states that traditional formulas of social justice, regardless of high popularity of some ideas of ethics of quality of life, still remain in force and one cannot expect that such a situation will change in the predictable future.
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