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Jak se formovala sociologie bydlení

100%
Musil J.
Sociologický časopis. Czech Sociological Review
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2005
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vol. 41
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issue 2
207-225
EN
The article attempts to examine the main topics in the sociological study of housing from the end of the Second World War to the 1980s and distinguishes the following five: 1) housing systems and housing policy, 2) the relationship between social stratification and housing differentiation, 3) the relationship between the family and housing, 4) the relationship between housing and neighbourhoods, and 5) housing and architecture as components of culture. During this period the sociological study of housing was strongly influenced by the changes occurring in the housing situation. The post-war housing shortage in Europe and the state's heavy involvement in tackling this problem, along with the rapid rise in the importance of social housing, led to an emphasis on the study of housing systems, housing policy, the methodology of quantitatively measuring housing needs, and the role of the state in the housing sphere, with a heavy stress on the economic dimension of housing issues. A shift to qualitative research on housing, i.e. studying the relationship between the family and housing and the housing needs of the elderly and new families, occurred as the housing shortage declined. Culturally oriented housing research followed, as a response to the search for new identities and for genius loci. As housing has become commodified in Europe and social housing has almost disappeared over the past twenty-five years, there has been revival of the study of the social consequences of narrowly defined economic concepts of housing policy.
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Vývoj sociálního bydlení ve vyspělých evropských zemích a v České republice s důrazem na zacílení tohoto sektoru na určité sociální vrstvy obyvatelstva

63%
Valentova B.
Sociologický časopis. Czech Sociological Review
|
2005
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vol. 41
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issue 2
301-315
EN
Social housing is perceived to be one of the basic instruments of housing policy. Despite the difficulty in demarcating this concept, owing to the different forms of social housing in individual countries, one of the main features of social housing is taken to be its targeting of socially more needy strata among the population. The first part of the article seeks an answer to the question of to what degree this claim corresponds to how social housing has really evolved in advanced European countries. The second part of the article focuses on efforts to date at creating a sector of social housing in the Czech Republic, while analysing the possibility of targeting such housing for certain socially defined households. From the article it becomes clear that targeting social housing for certain social strata, especially socially more needy households, is not a clear-cut process and is subject to change over the course of developments. The substance of these changes is the continuous search for balance between the social aspects of housing and economic possibilities. The main factor influencing the possibilities for the progress of social housing in the Czech Republic is the country's economic framework.
3
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Vliv podmínek bydlení na zamýšlenou migraci české populace za prací

63%
Lux M., Sunega P.
Sociologický časopis. Czech Sociological Review
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2007
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vol. 43
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issue 2
305-332
EN
The article focuses on the results of analyses of sociological research on how housing conditions affect the intended labour migration in the Czech Republic. The aim of the article is mainly to show, in reference to studies published in advanced countries, the effect of a housing tenure on the internal labour migration in the Czech environment. For this purpose the authors use a combination of quantitative and qualitative sociological methods (questionnaire surveys, focus groups). The results of the multi-dimensional logit models and the conclusions drawn from focus groups records indicate that housing tenure has a very significant effect on potential internal labour migration, even after controlling for the effect of other factors related to labour migration. This finding should be of substantial significance for the future direction of housing policy in the Czech Republic.
4
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Svaz českých měst a bytová politika na začátku 20. století

63%
Morishita Y.
Moderní dějiny: sborník k dějinám 19. a 20. století (Modern History: Studies into 19th and 20th century history)
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2008
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vol. 16
63-80
EN
In the second half of the 19th century, the Czech municipal government system was already well developed and was experiencing the 'golden age' of municipal autonomy. At the same time, however, Czech towns had to face the problem of 'urbanization', especially in Prague and Brno. Czech towns had to cope with urgent urban problems, such as housing, sanitation, or redevelopment. The Czech Town League, which was established in 1907 in Prague, was an organization of more than 100 municipalities for the promotion of Czech municipal autonomy. It also played an important role in the solution of these problems and strongly influenced social policy in general as an integral part of its activity. In the League, many social reformers were discussing the housing problem, especially at the 4th Congress held in Prague in October, 1911. At that congress, social reformers of town bureaucracy and self-help cooperatives required intervention of municipalities in the social and housing problems. But Czech municipalities, in general, couldn't deal with such problems yet, except for some cases. The discussion showed the achievements and shortcomings of Czech municipal autonomy in the era of Habsburg Empire. In order to assess the tasks of the League properly, it is necessary to compare Czech and German municipalities in the Czech Lands, because the Czech Town League was intended for the 'Czech nation' in the country. Those attempts of the League constituted the first stage of social politics in the Czech Lands, and the League also contributed to the foundation of the Czechoslovak Republic.
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Vývoj finanční dostupnosti nájemního a vlastnického bydlení v průběhu hospodářské transformace v České republice (1991–2003)

51%
Lux M., Sunega P.
Sociologický časopis. Czech Sociological Review
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2006
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vol. 42
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issue 5
851-881
EN
The aim of the article is an analysis of changes affecting the financial affordability of rental and owner-occupied housing over the course of the economic transformation in the Czech Republic. To evaluate housing affordability the authors used housing expenditures-to-income ratios and data files from the Czech Statistical Office. The objective of this article is also to draw attention to the need to modify standard indicators when measuring housing affordability in countries in transition. In this regard the authors particularly note the huge differences in affordability ratios between households living in the so-called 'privileged' and households living in the 'unprivileged' housing market sectors.
6
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SOCIO-ECONOMIC RESEARCH ON HOUSING IN THE CZECH REPUBLIC

51%
Mikeszowa M.
Sociologický časopis. Czech Sociological Review
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2007
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vol. 43
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issue 3
637-646
EN
The article presents a review of the research activities of the Socio-Economics of Housing research team. The Socio-economics of Housing team is one of the research teams at the Institute of Sociology of the Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic. The main research activities of the team include sociological research concerning attitudes towards housing in the Czech Republic, international comparisons of housing policies and social housing systems, and econometric simulations of policy reforms, like rent deregulation, the introduction of housing allowance and social housing, housing finance, housing market efficiency, and house price indices.
7
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Housing policy towards poverty and social exclusion

51%
Zaniewska H.
Polityka Społeczna
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2006
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vol. 33
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issue 11-12(392-393)
33-35
EN
The article presents outcomes of analyses and own research on the impact of social and economic transformation on housing. The transformation affected vulnerable groups for which access to housing has been restricted and differentiated housing situation and conditions in Polish society. Such a situation manifests itself in overcrowded flats (mainly small ones) and low housing quality. It could be described by criteria and features of housing poverty that by law should be counteracted by local government (gmina). However, problems of housing needs of the poor remain unsolved.
8

Housing credit, subsidy alternatives and affordability

51%
Hegedus J., Somogyi E.
Kozgazdasagi Szemle (Economic Review)
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2004
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vol. 51
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issue 3
193-217
EN
Two new housing programmes launched by the Hungarian government in February 2000 marked a policy turning point. One set out to provide a system of housing loans, while the other sought to prevent local-government rented housing from being eliminated altogether. There was justification for both, but both these measures of housing policy failed to take into account the ambitions of households and the reactions of the market. They set in motion processes that were unsustainable in budgetary and welfare terms, so that the effectiveness of the programmes became questionable. The scheme to subsidize housing loans was especially problematic, as the methods employed created long-term commitments whose effects cannot be corrected even in the short term. Those devising this housing policy did not rely on techniques of analysis with which the risks could have been assessed in time. There was no research or support for analysing independently the possible effects of lobby interests and no real alternatives were outlined for the politicians reaching the decisions.
9

State and market - housing subsidy, housing financing and reforms. Some international experiences

51%
Daniel Z.
Kozgazdasagi Szemle (Economic Review)
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2004
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vol. 51
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issue 2
139-152
EN
Housing policy has undergone substantial and rapid change in Europe and other countries in the developed world. The post-socialist transition in Hungary also placed on the agenda such fundamental issues of transformation of the housing sector as the role of the state and the market or the extent and nature of subsidy. The article reviews experiences abroad in the last decade, highlighting and examining in the light of data the problems of principle and practice that Hungary must likewise resolve in the near future.
10

Polska polityka mieszkaniowa na tle rozwiazan unijnych - kwestie wybrane

51%
Szelagowska A.
Contemporary Economics
|
2010
|
issue 4(16)
75-86
EN
: The purpose of this article is to present the main principles of Polish housing policy and to compare it with the housing policy in the European Union. Poland, as an UE member, did not hammer out successful solutions which could facilitate the process of building new low-rental dwellings. The author's aim is to find the answer to research question: is it worth concentrating on fulfilling housing needs of low-income households in Poland and if yes, why? In order to do this the following hypothesis is put forward: on account of long-standing neglect connected with the Polish social housing finance there is an urgent need of housing reform oriented to the low-income housing growth.
11
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HOUSING SITUATION IN THE VOIVODESHIPS OF EASTERN POLAND AS THE BORDER REGIONS OF THE EUROPEAN UNION

51%
Janusz M.
Olsztyn Economic Journal
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2009
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vol. 4
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issue 2
252-264
EN
The paper aims at determining the housing situation in the voivodeships of eastern Poland as the border region of the European Union. The indicators characterizing the eastern regions of Poland were collected and compared with the other areas of Poland, Poland as a whole and corresponding international parameters. The studies confirmed the poor housing situation in the eastern Poland as indicated by earlier analyses. The low standard of housing, overpopulation and, first of all, a significant statistical deficit of housing units are the major problems of housing in eastern Poland. These are mainly the effects of the heritage of the past and insufficient activities aiming at improvement of the housing situation during the period of transformation. Stabile housing policy and increase of the position of the state and local governments in creating it, first of all thanks to the structural funds originating from the European Union directly linked to the housing are necessary for improvement of that situation.
12
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DEMOGRAPHIC DETERMINANTS OF THE HOUSING SITUATION IN THE TOWNS WITH THE STATUS OF COUNTIES IN WARMINSKO-MAZURSKIE VOIVODSHIP DURING THE YEARS 2005-2008

44%
Janusz M.
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2010
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vol. 5
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issue 2
326-337
EN
The aim of the paper is to present the changes in housing resources and conditions in urban counties of Warminsko-Mazurskie voivodship during the years 2005-2008 considering the demographic context of those changes. Specification of indicators characterizing the towns with the status of county in Warminsko-Mazurskie voivodship was presented against the background of Poland and the voivodship. The studies revealed the diversified situation of the analyzed towns. Olsztyn and Elblag have significant housing resources as compared to the voivodship but the dynamics of changes and structure of those resources are not identical. Considering the increase in the number of marriages solemnized, positive increase of population and negative balance of migrations it must be concluded that the capital of the voivodship is characterized by positive changes that influence significantly the level of living of its population. Elblag is below the average and the structure of housing supplied for use differed significantly from the expectations of the community.
13

HOUSING CONSTRUCTION AND THE ROLE OF THE NEIGHBOURHOOD UNIT IN LJUBLJANA UNDER SOCIALISM

38%
Piškurić J.
Mesto a dejiny
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2022
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vol. 11
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issue 2
117 – 139
EN
After World War II, the improvement of housing conditions was one of the Yugoslav political and social care priorities. Although the guidelines for housing development were politically planned, the authorities had to adapt to the increasing demand of the growing population. The shift in housing policy from the 1960s made it possible for Slovenian architects to apply the idea of a neighbourhood unit in organized housing construction. Planned along major arterial roads into Ljubljana, the new neighbourhood units were envisaged to meet all the workers’ needs, offering housing with the infrastructure necessary for quality living. They never fully developed into social hubs with all public services; nevertheless, they still represented a huge change in quality of life. Over the decades, new neighbourhoods significantly changed the appearance of Ljubljana.
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