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EN
The article outlines the achievements of Gniezno archbishops in the years 1199–1382.
PL
Artykuł omawia dokonania arcybiskupów gnieźnieńskich w latach 1199 - 1382.
EN
The tenth/eleventh century saw the emergence of the Gregorian movement (named so after Pope Gregory VII) in the so-called Carolingian countries. Established in response to the crisis of the Church, due to its signifi cant dependence on the secular power, the movement sought the reform of the Church. At fi rst unwelcome in Poland, Gregorian ideas began to gain popularity over time. Owing to increased relations with the West and the activities of a number of prominent bishops, the ground for the reform was fi nally prepared in the twelfth century. In the early thirteenth century, Henryk Kietlicz, the Archbishop of Gniezno, was the one to initiate a decisive struggle for the freedom of the church. He was supported by a group of Dukes, the so-called Junior Dukes. In 1217, the group disintegrated owing to the alliance of the most powerful dukes of the Piast dynasty. Following Kietlicz’s death in 1219, allied dukes, supported by the papal Curia, introduced their own candidate at the archbishopric, notwithstanding the resistance of the supporters of the former archbishop, who feared that the introduced reforms would not last.
PL
Artykuł zajmuje się stanem badań nad klasztorem kanoników regularnych w Mstowie. Prawdopodobnie pod koniec XII wieku w Mstowie pojawili się kanonicy regularni. Klasztor mstowski był prepozyturą wrocławskiego klasztoru NMP. Przez wieki odgrywał ogromną rolę w dziejach północno-zachodniej Małopolski jako ważny ośrodek życia społecznego, kościelnego, kulturowego oraz naukowego. W 1212 roku arcybiskup gnieźnieński Henryk Kietlicz zwołał tutaj synod, na którym wraz z kilkoma innymi biskupami konsekrował ks. Pawła. Wśród obecnych na synodzie był także biskup krakowski Wincenty Kadłubek. Bogata spuścizna dziejowa klasztoru w Mstowie obejmuje czasy od fundacji w XII wieku do likwidacji placówki zakonnej w XIX wieku. Spuścizna ta była i zapewne pozostanie obiektem zainteresowań badaczy różnych specjalności. Stan badań nad klasztorem kanoników z Mstowa w historiografii polskiej wykazuje do dziś luki. Przegląd powstałych prac ujawnia dużą dysproporcję w zaawansowaniu badań nad średniowieczem w stosunku do okresów późniejszych. Zakon mstowski do dziś nie posiada pełnego i krytycznego opracowania jego dziejów w czasach nowożytnych. Najlepiej opracowano dzieje klasztoru mstowskiego od momentu jego powstania do końca XVI wieku. W literaturze naukowej brakuje opracowania konwentu mstowskiego, jego genezy i społecznego pochodzenia zakonników.
EN
The article tackles the state of research on the cloister of Canons Regular in Mstowo. It is highly likely that Canons Regular appeared in Mstowo at the close of 12th century. The Mstowa cloister reported to the local provost whose office was situated at the cloister of Our Lady in Breslau. In the course of centuries it played a major role in historical vicisitudes of Northwestern Małopolska (Lesser Poland). It was namely a focal point of social, ecclesiastical and cultural life, but also served as a research center. In 1212 the archbishop of Gniezno Henryk Kietlicz summoned a synod to Mstowo, during which, together with a few other hierarchs, he ordained and consecrated father Paweł to the office of bishop. Cracow bishop Wincenty Kadłubek was also present in the synod. The wealthy legacy of Mstowa cloister stretches from its foundation in 12th to its dismantlement in 19th century. This heritage is a powerful source of inspiration for scholars of many fields and it certainly will remain one. Notwithstanding, the state of research on this cloister in Polish historiog-raphy is fraught with blank spaces calling for scientific elucidation. A review of papers on this topic makes one conclude that there is a huge disparity of the develop-ment of research on the Middle Ages as compared to later epochs. The cloister of Mstowa is waiting for a complete and critical description of its modern period history. The most in-depth studies were namely devoted to the period between the origins of the cloister in question and its 16th century history. Moreover, scientific literature has failed to study the roots of the cloister and social background of reli-gious who made up its community.
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