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Jiná Evropa? Carské Rusko očima The Cambridge History of Russia

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Vydra Z.

Slovanské historické studie (Slavonic Historical Studies)

2008

issue 33

187-206

The review essay is focused on some topics of the Tsarist Russia history, based on the recently published 'The Cambridge History of Russia'. The article is concerned with the discussions about the transformation of Muscovy into the autocratic dynastic state in 15th and 16th centuries, with the relationship between the state and its people in the 17th century. The second part is devoted to the imperial period (1689-1917) and it discusses the connection between the foreign policy, building of the empire and the nationality policy. It deals also the dilemma of the Russian state with the question of reforms and modernization in the second half of the 19th century.

FOUNDING ACTIVITY OF BORIS AND PETER GALITZINE ON THE EXAMPLE OF SELECTED CHURCHES (Dzialalnosc fundacyjna Borysa i Piotra Golicynow na przykladzie wybranych cerkwi)

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Pospiszil A.

Ikonotheka

2008

vol. 21

189-202

Among the innovative and unique churches built on the turn of 17th and 18th century in submoscow manors - four were erected by the brothers Boris (1651/54-1714) and Peter Galitzine (1660-1722). Boris, founded in his estate Dubrovitsy one of the most amazing churches ever built in Russia – the church of the Sign of the Mother of God (1690-1704), composed of four trefoils and three-storeyed tower crowned with metal crown. The exterior is adorned with statues of the apostles, evangelists, doctors of the church and angels. The whole surface is rusticated and covered with ornamental relief. Internal stuccoed decoration is composed of nine horizontal and one vertical zones. The small church of the Sign in Perovo built by Boris' brother, Peter Galitzine, has almost analogical decoration of the attic as in Dubrovitsy, but also had borrowed from the newly rebuild church of the Peter the metropolite in the Vysokopetrovsky monastery in Moscow. The second church erected by Boris Galitzine in Marfino - has some similarities with the Dutch architecture. It is also one of the first Russian examples of using the Palladian motive of the triangular frontispiece supported by four pilasters. Non-surviving church of St. Sergius in Khotminki was, once again, a rare example of rotonda. There were only three rotondas in Russian church architecture of this period (the Cathedral in the New Jerusalem Monastery, and Italianate church of the Nativity of the Mother of God in the Podmoklovo founded by a Russian ambassador to Poland, prince Dolgorukov, and built between 1713-23). The founders of those buildings were attempting to introduce the new types of central plan to the Orthodox architecture: rotondas, churches composed of: 8 or 12 conchs, Greek cross with inscribed circle or with trifoliate arms. For the first time in the history of Russian architecture such a number of non-canonical, Catholic and even profane iconography was used inside the Orthodox church. The church in Dubrovitsy is also one of the two churches with the exterior statues (the other is again the church in Podmoklovo).

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1 Ikonotheka

1 Slovanské historické studie (Slavonic Historical Studies)

2 2008

1 Pospiszil A.

1 Vydra Z.

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Jiná Evropa? Carské Rusko očima The Cambridge History of Russia

FOUNDING ACTIVITY OF BORIS AND PETER GALITZINE ON THE EXAMPLE OF SELECTED CHURCHES (Dzialalnosc fundacyjna Borysa i Piotra Golicynow na przykladzie wybranych cerkwi)